When I first did this I felt it was counterproductive. Having GPS
accuracy, but then losing it by inserting a protocol for
retransmission. That was improvedupon by using the 1pps signal output
from my GPS.
But there was still lag, so for fun I set the GPS unit to only
transmit data exactly at the 1 second epoch and transmitted it via a
433MHz module.
Again, there was a small amount of lag, so instead of trying to tell
the current time, I always had my timekeeping registers set 1 second
(approx) ahead of the received GPS time, but delayed displaying them
by "Current time + 1 second - transmission delay(lag)" seconds. No
matter how bad the transmission delay was the time displayed on the
times, specifically the point when the display shows the correct time,
was always accurate.
As for modules, I used 433 MHz FM units which were okay.
If i were to do it again I would just buy the cheap ETRX2 Telegesis
Zigbee modules, which can create a self healing mesh network, and
which are cheap and reliable as well as having checksums built in for
data integrity testing and automatic retries if the data transmission
fails.
The ETRX2 is probably overkill in terms of specification, but almost
as cheap as any other module, with the added benefit of being
bidirectional as well as giving huge ranges due to the ability of each
unit to retransmit via mesh networking.
Chris