Alessandro:
How long an election takes depends on a lot of things, most of them
having to do with network latency, the nature of failure (refuse
connection or hangs/times out) etc. The fastest you can count on is
on the order of a couple of seconds, the slowest should be no more
than maybe 30 seconds (I think the docs say less than one minute, to
be on the safe side).
The downside of a very fast election/failover would be a false
failover - in other words, the faster you make your failover, the
more likely you are to elect a new primary when the old primary isn't
actually down but just had a network hiccup, or some other tiny delay
in response.
Over long time in production systems, we've seen more problems with
false failover (and the ensuing flip-flop that it tends to cause).
This is why I would caution you to not over-engineer your system for
fastest possible failover at the cost of unnecessary failover
scenarios.
Asya
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