SRT by an uneducated Socratus.
sadovnik socratus
=.
SRT is based on three facts !
Fact number 1:
The constant speed of photon in vacuum is minimal.
Fact number 2:
The inertia of photon depends on its potential energy: E=Mc^2
Fact number 3:
Every speed and energy
( including the speed and energy of photon ) are relative.
===.
Israel Socratus
nominal9
Do you agree with this?
so, is a photon energy or particle..... when, if both?......
awori achoka
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i.sadovnik socratus
photon is an energy/mass particle: E=Mc^2
this energy/mass ( E=Mc^2 ) is not constant parameter
this energy/mass ( E=Mc^2 ) can be changed ( together with speed )
for example: E=Mc^2 changes into E=h*f and vice versa
==--
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You do not really understand something unless you can explain
it to your grandmother. / Albert Einstein /
The secret of God and Existence is hidden in ‘Quantum of Light Theory ’.
awori achoka
nominal9
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon
Experimental checks on photon mass
The photon is currently understood to be strictly massless, but this is an experimental question. If the photon is not a strictly massless particle, it would not move at the exact speed of light in vacuum, c. Its speed would be lower and depend on its frequency. Relativity would be unaffected by this; the so-called speed of light, c, would then not be the actual speed at which light moves, but a constant of nature which is the maximum speed that any object could theoretically attain in space-time.[21] Thus, it would still be the speed of space-time ripples (gravitational waves and gravitons), but it would not be the speed of photons.
A massive photon would have other effects as well. Coulomb's law would be modified and the electromagnetic field would have an extra physical degree of freedom. These effects yield more sensitive experimental probes of the photon mass than the frequency dependence of the speed of light. If Coulomb's law is not exactly valid, then that would cause the presence of an electric field inside a hollow conductor when it is subjected to an external electric field. This thus allows one to test Coulomb's law to very high precision.[22] A null result of such an experiment has set a limit of m ≲ 10−14 eV/c2.[23]
Sharper upper limits have been obtained in experiments designed to detect effects caused by the galactic vector potential. Although the galactic vector potential is very large because the galactic magnetic field
exists on very long length scales, only the magnetic field is
observable if the photon is massless. In case of a massive photon, the
mass term 
would affect the galactic plasma. The fact that no such effects are seen implies an upper bound on the photon mass of m < 3×10−27 eV/c2.[24] The galactic vector potential can also be probed directly by measuring the torque exerted on a magnetized ring.[25] Such methods were used to obtain the sharper upper limit of 10−18eV/c2 (the equivalent of 1.07×10−27 atomic mass units) given by the Particle Data Group.[26]
These sharp limits from the non-observation of the effects caused by the galactic vector potential have been shown to be model dependent.[27] If the photon mass is generated via the Higgs mechanism then the upper limit of m≲10−14 eV/c2 from the test of Coulomb's law is valid.
Photons inside superconductors do develop a nonzero effective rest mass; as a result, electromagnetic forces become short-range inside superconductors.[28]
i.sadovnik socratus
The basis of SRT ( by an uneducated Socratus)
===.
SRT is based on four facts.
Fact number 1:
The constant speed of photon in vacuum is minimal.
( from vacuum's point of view and tachyon theory )
Fact number 2:
The inertia of photon depends on its potential energy: E=Mc^2
In 1905 Einstein asked:
“ Does the inertia of a body depend upon its energy content ?”
As he realized the answer was:
“ Yes, it depends on E= Mc^2 ”
It means that inertia of quantum particle (photon, electron )
depends on E= Mc^2 ( nobody explains the details of such
possibility of inertia movement. How can E=Mc^2
be responsible for inertial movement of quantum particle ? )
Someone wrote to me:
“An old professor of mine used to say
that anyone who can answer that question
what inertia is, would win a Nobel Prize. “
Fact number 3:
Every speed and energy
( including the speed and energy of photon ) are relative.
Speed, energy, impulse . . . . etc they are physical parameters
which belong to one, single quantum particle.
If you change one parameter all others will change automatically too.
For example :
In 1916 Sommerfeld found the formula of electron : e^2=ah*c.
If you change one electron's parameter all others parameters
also will be changed and the electron's energy will change too.
Take, for example, electron in atom.
Electron tied with atom by the energy: E=-me^4/2h*^2= -13,6eV.
But if someone parameter changes, then electron jumps out from atom
with energy E=h*f ( it is said: electron emits quantum of light,
but where this quantum of light is hidden in the electron, in which pocket ?)
In vacuum the energy of electron is E=Mc^2 (according to SRT and Dirac),
but when someone parameter is changed then electron jumps out from
vacuum with energy E=h*f. ( effect of vacuum fluctuation ).
Fact number 4:
The Lorentz equations explain the transformations (revolving movement)
of quantum particles using the Goudsmit – Uhlenbeck inner impulse
of particle: h* = h/ 2pi.
===.
All the best.
Israel Sadovnik Socratus
=====…
P.S.
" Einstein's special theory of relativity is based on two postulates:
One is the relativity of motion, and the second is the constancy
and universality of the speed of light.
Could the first postulate be true and the other false?
If that was not possible, Einstein would not have had to make two
postulates. But I don't think many people realized until recently
that you could have a consistent theory in which you changed only
the second postulate."
/ Lee Smolin, The Trouble With Physics, p. 226. /
#
Question:
Can quantum of light change its constant speed ?
Answer: Faster-than-light.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Faster-than-light
etc . . .
===…
nominal9
sadovnik socratus
=
>
> >> So... Socratus and Awori..... I guess I should ask the question
> >> differently.... do photons have "mass"?
> >>https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon
> >> Experimental checks on photon mass
>
> >> The photon is currently understood to be strictly massless, but this is
> >> an experimental question. If the photon is not a strictly massless
> >> the maximum speed that any object could theoretically attain in space-time.
> >> still be the speed of space-time ripples (gravitational waves<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravitational_waves>and
> >> gravitons <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Graviton>), but it would not be
> >> the speed of photons.
>
> >> A massive photon would have other effects as well. Coulomb's law<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Coulomb%27s_law>would be modified and the electromagnetic field would have an extra
> >> probes of the photon mass than the frequency dependence of the speed of
> >> light. If Coulomb's law is not exactly valid, then that would cause the
> >> field. This thus allows one to test<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tests_of_electromagnetism>Coulomb's law to very high precision.
> >> [22] <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon#cite_note-24> A null result
> >> of such an experiment has set a limit of *m* ≲ 10−14 eV/c2.[23]<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon#cite_note-25>
> >> Sharper upper limits have been obtained in experiments designed to detect
> >> massless. In case of a massive photon, the mass term [image:
> >> \scriptstyle\frac{1}{2} m^2 A_{\mu}A^{\mu}] would affect the galactic
> >> plasma. The fact that no such effects are seen implies an upper bound on
> >> torque exerted on a magnetized ring.[25]<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Photon#cite_note-27>Such methods were used to obtain the sharper upper limit of 10
> >> These sharp limits from the non-observation of the effects caused by the
> >> mechanism <https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Higgs_mechanism> then the upper
> >> limit of *m*≲10−14 eV/c2 from the test of Coulomb's law is valid.
>
> >> Photons inside superconductors<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Superconductors>do develop a nonzero effective
> >> rest mass<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective_mass_%28solid-state_physics%29>;
> >> See also: Supernova/Acceleration Probe<https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Supernova/Acceleration_Probe>
> >> On Saturday, May 11, 2013 1:31:48 PM UTC-4, sadovnik socratus wrote:
>
> >>> photon is an energy/mass particle: E=Mc^2
>
> >>> this energy/mass ( E=Mc^2 ) is not constant parameter
>
> >>> this energy/mass ( E=Mc^2 ) can be changed ( together with speed )
>
> >>> for example: E=Mc^2 changes into E=h*f and vice versa
> >>> ==
>
> >>> On Sat, May 11, 2013 at 4:53 PM, nominal9 <nomi...@yahoo.com> wrote:
>
> >>>> so, is a photon energy or particle..... when, if both?......
>
> >>>> On Saturday, May 11, 2013 7:03:26 AM UTC-4, sadovnik socratus wrote:
>
> >>>>> SRT by an uneducated Socratus.
> >>>>> =.
> >>>>> SRT is based on three facts !
> >>>>> Fact number 1:
> >>>>> The constant speed of photon in vacuum is minimal.
> >>>>> Fact number 2:
> >>>>> The inertia of photon depends on its potential energy: E=Mc^2
> >>>>> Fact number 3:
> >>>>> Every speed and energy
> >>>>> ( including the speed and energy of photon ) are relative.
> >>>>> ===.
> >>>>> Israel Socratus
>
> >>>>> --
> >>>> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google
> >>>> Groups "Epistemology" group.
> >>>> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send
> >>>> .
> >>>> For more options, visithttps://groups.google.com/**groups/opt_out<https://groups.google.com/groups/opt_out>
> >>>> .
> >>> --
> >>> You do not really understand something unless you can explain
> >>> it to your grandmother. / Albert Einstein /
> >>> The secret of God and Existence is hidden in ‘Quantum of Light Theory ’.
>
> >> --
> >> You received this message because you are subscribed to the Google Groups
> >> "Epistemology" group.
> >> To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an
> >> To post to this group, send email to episte...@googlegroups.com<javascript:>
> >> .
> >> Visit this group athttp://groups.google.com/group/epistemology?hl=en.
> >> For more options, visithttps://groups.google.com/groups/opt_out.
>
> > --
> > You do not really understand something unless you can explain...
>
> read more »
awori achoka
To unsubscribe from this group and stop receiving emails from it, send an email to epistemology...@googlegroups.com.
i.sadovnik socratus
awori achoka
i.sadovnik socratus
About 96% of the matter in the whole Universe is unseen
dark matter/energy. Nobody knows what it is.
And only about 4% is physical /classical matter.
It is possible to suggest that from
96% of unseen dark matter/energy was created the 4%
of the known matter.
It is possible to suggest that this unseen dark matter/energy
consist on virtual particles (according to Dirac) and they can become
(in some way, for example - through vacuum fluctuation)
real particles (for example: photons and electrons|).
And these real particles created the visual matter universe.
=.
What you can say about this subject?
==.
nominal9
How much of this "dark-matter/energy" is held in "black hole" conditions... or is there.. other
non-gravity-compressed "dark-matter/energy" floating around nearby (so to speak) but "we" just can't sense it near us in any known way?
i.sadovnik socratus
Answer for nominal9
=.
A black hole can be Vacuum.
1.
A black hole has a temperature within a few
millionths of a degree above absolute zero: T=0K.
/ Oxford. Dictionary./
2.
A stellar black hole of one solar mass has a Hawking
temperature of about 100 nanokelvins. This is far less
than the 2.7 K temperature of the cosmic microwave background.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Black_hole
3.
Previous Picture of the Day articles about black holes suggested that
the terminology used to describe “gravitational point sources”
is highly speculative: space/time, singularities, and infinite density
are abstract concepts, precluding a realistic investigation into
the nature of the Universe.
/ Oct 12, 2011. Black hole theory contradicts itself. By Stephen Smith /
=.
My heretical idea:
The ‘black hole’ with thermodynamic temperature about - –--> T= 0K.
is a Homogeneous Energy Vacuum Space between billions Galaxies.
=.
Best wishes.
Israel Sadovnik Socratus
===.
awori achoka
sadovnik socratus
=.
Today's common opinion will say: you are absolutely wrong.
So, I am also absolutely wrong because I agree with you
But why am I agree with you?
QED try to understand the interaction between photon and matter.
This interaction is possible to observe in crystals and in vital
organisms. (every living being needs light / photon.)
Now everyone think that photon is an undeveloped particle and
it seems nonsense to say that photon can evolve
taking interaction from simple to complex system and
be bearer of information / consciousness.
But on the one hand, nobody knows that photon is.
On the other hand , photon can move with different speeds:
constant speed c=1 , and faster c>1, and in my opinion
can have zero speed c=0.
( the common opinion that photon never can stop is not a law,
it is a supposition)
And if photon can use two different inner impulses (spin)
h ( photon behaves like corpuscular )
and h*=h/2pi ( photon behaves like wave )
for its independent movement
( it means photon itself decided how to act,
what kind of movement to do) then I say:
to take decision can only a thinking particle.
=.
In ancient Veda is written that the consciousness develops
from a vague wish to a clear thought.
==.
All the best
socratus
==
On May 17, 3:25 pm, awori achoka <awori.ach...@gmail.com> wrote:
> In my very unscientific ways---I have always treated photonic energy as the
> organising principle of nature. It fuels our consciosness, it is the life
> force behind inter/intracellular communication---and so on. To me,
> Reality/consciousness--simply refers to photonic energy, Am I absurdly
> wrong?
>
> *Committed to strategic visioning and the state of our nationhood.
> *
> **
> On Fri, May 17, 2013 at 6:33 AM, i.sadovnik socratus
> >>>> *Committed to strategic visioning and the state of our nationhood.
> >>>> *
> >>>> **
> >>>> On Wed, May 15, 2013 at 6:48 PM, i.sadovnik socratus <
> >>>> is.so...@gmail.com> wrote:
>
> >>>>> Why don't you wish ''even'' to try?
>
> >>>>> On Wed, May 15, 2013 at 1:01 PM, awori achoka <awori....@gmail.com>wrote:
>
> >>>>>> LOL---I wouldn't even try.
>
> >>>>>> The nature of events in nature always amaze me. Who determines the
> >>>>>> causality of events in the universe? I wouldn't mind the crushing of stars
> >>>>>> and the formation of all manner of objects--but then, you bring in humans
> >>>>>> (conscious) and the whole story changes.
>
> >>>>>> *Committed to strategic visioning and the state of our nationhood.
> >>>>>> *
> >>>>>> **
> >>>>>>> > > etc . . .
>
> >>>>>>> > > ===…
>
> >>>>>>> > > On Mon, May 13, 2013 at 6:05 PM, nominal9 <nomi...@yahoo.com<javascript:>
> >>>>>>> > > > wrote:
>
> >>>>>>> > >> So... Socratus and Awori..... I guess I should ask the question
> >>>>>>> > >> differently.... do photons have "mass"?
>
> >>>>>>> > >> The photon is currently understood to be strictly massless, but
> >>>>>>> this is
> >>>>>>> > >> an experimental question. If the photon is not a strictly
> >>>>>>> massless
> >>>>>>> > >> particle, it would not move at the exact speed of light in
> >>>>>>> vacuum, *c*.
> >>>>>>> > >> Its speed would be lower and depend on its frequency.
> >>>>>>> Relativity would be
> >>>>>>> > >> unaffected by this; the so-called speed of light, *c*, would
> >>>>>>> then not be
> >>>>>>> > >> the actual speed at which light moves, but a constant of nature
> >>>>>>> which is
> >>>>>>> > >> the maximum speed that any object could theoretically attain in
> >>>>>>> space-time.
> >>>>>>> Thus, it would
> >>>>>>> > >> still be the speed of space-time ripples (gravitational waves<...
>
> read more »
sadovnik socratus
==============
Photon and Matter = Life and Death.
=.
Why is connection between Photon and Matter is equal to connection
between Life and Death ?
My explanation.
‘ The idea of book - the interaction between light
( electromagnetic fields ) and matter is strange.
. . . . . . . . . . .
The theory of quantum electrodynamics
describes Nature as absurd from the point of view
of common sense. And it agrees fully with experiment.
So I hope you accept Nature as She is — absurd. ‘
/ book:
QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter page 10. /
=..
Can Nature be absurd ?
Is our intellect or Nature absurd ?
Nature is in a harmony but our acceptation and meaning of It is
absurd.
==.
Light, quantum of light (photon) is a particle which takes very
important
part in our life.
The interaction of photon with matter is possible to observe
(every living being needs light / photon.)
Now everyone think that photon is an undeveloped particle and
be bearer of information / consciousness.
constant speed c=1 , and faster c>1, and in my opinion
can have zero speed c=0.
( the common opinion that photon never can stop is not a law,
it is a supposition)
And if photon can use two different inner impulses (spin)
h ( photon behaves like corpuscular )
and h*=h/2pi ( photon behaves like wave )
for its independent movement
( it means photon itself decided how to act,
what kind of movement to do) then I say:
And as in the ancient Veda is written t the consciousness
can develop from a vague wish to a clear thought.
=.
The simplest atom hydrogen consists on proton and electron.
But if someone parameter changes, then electron jumps out from
in the electron, in which pocket ?)
absolutely
different from atom without photon/ electron.
The atom with photon/ electron is a living system.
The atom without photon/ electron is a dead system.
The same is about complex and biological atoms.
===..
In the ancient Veda also is written that the Universe is consist on
two
different particles: purusha ( a spiritual or conscious element )
and
prakrti ( a mechanical-matter particle)
The interaction between mind /consciousness elements and
matter particles created everything.
==.
There is nothing new under the Sun:
every new idea has some sort of precedent or echo from the past.
===..==.
All the best
Israel Socratus
===…
P.S.
I want to thank awori achoka and Philip Benjamin :
reading their comments helped me to come to this conclusion.
=.
awori achoka
sadovnik socratus
. . . . the king photon is dead, long live the king photon
=.
Quantum jumps of light recording the birth and death of a photon in a
cavity
Quantum jumps of light recording the birth and death of a photon in a
cavity : Abstract : Nature
===…
archytas
universe embedded in a 16 dimensional observerse that doesn't assume
the handedness that leaves us with dark matter and energy. Only seen
some stuff in the Guardian so far - paper should be freely available
next week on archix.
On 24 May, 05:25, sadovnik socratus <is.socra...@gmail.com> wrote:
> Photon is not only an object, it is also a subject . . . . . .
> . . . . the king photon is dead, long live the king photon
> =.
> Quantum jumps of light recording the birth and death of a photon in a
> cavity
> cavity : Abstract : Nature
>
> ===…
nominal9
archytas
paper or real criticism yet, just some hype in The Guardian.
nominal9
sadovnik socratus
In 1985 Richard P. Feynman wrote about QED:
of common sense. And it agrees fully with experiment.
So I hope you accept Nature as She is — absurd. ‘
/ book:
QED: The Strange Theory of Light and Matter page 10. /
Everybody can choose :
What is strange and absurd the human's logical
scientific thought or Nature ?
==..
sadovnik socratus
modern education.
===..
nominal9
the average technologist thinks he or she is a genius for knowing "mathematics" .....Not so... Philosophy (anything dealing with "language and culture/society") is harder to teach and understand than mathematics....so.... it follows....the mathematical geniuses are the intellectual laggards... the social misfits..... (HAR).....
That is why I came up with Nominal 9 Thematic Dialectic Logic.... to give those with a "limited" logico-mathematical mindset a way to access the realm of actual thematic interplay... as logical contrapositions....(HAR)... But most science geniuses are as stubborn-stupid as jackasses when it comes to "human affairs"... they don't want to learn....they just want to "act" like they are "above it all"... like religious "gods"... or "nobility" above the inferior peons.... Why?... because they (scientists) "feel" like the inferior peons, themselves in those areas.....I say... whoever you are... ignorance (in any area) can be cured... stupidity is not wanting to be cured...
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/05/30/education/reading-gains-lag-improvements-in-math.html?hpw
In Raising Scores, 1 2 3 Is Easier Than A B C
TROY, N.Y. — David Javsicas, a popular seventh-grade reading teacher known for urging students to act out dialogue in the books they read in class, sometimes feels wistful for the days when he taught math.
Nathaniel Brooks for The New York Times
David Javsicas, a teacher at Troy Prep, says it is difficult to overcome student reading challenges.
Readers’ Comments
Share your thoughts.
A quiz, he recalls, could quickly determine which concepts students had not yet learned. Then, “you teach the kids how to do it, and within a week or two you can usually fix it,” he said.
Helping students to puzzle through different narrative perspectives or subtext or character motivation, though, can be much more challenging. “It could take months to see if what I’m teaching is effective,” he said.
Educators, policy makers and business leaders often fret about the state of math education, particularly in comparison with other countries. But reading comprehension may be a larger stumbling block.
Here at Troy Prep Middle School, a charter school near Albany that caters mostly to low-income students, teachers are finding it easier to help students hit academic targets in math than in reading, an experience repeated in schools across the country.
Students entering the fifth grade here are often several years behind in both subjects, but last year, 100 percent of seventh graders scored at a level of proficient or advanced on state standardized math tests. In reading, by contrast, just over half of the seventh graders met comparable standards.
The results are similar across the 31 other schools in the Uncommon Schools network, which enrolls low-income students in Boston, New York City, Rochester and Newark. After attending an Uncommon school for two years, said Brett Peiser, the network’s chief executive, 86 percent of students score at a proficient or advanced level in math, while only about two thirds reach those levels in reading over the same period.
“Math is very close-ended,” Mr. Peiser said. Reading difficulties, he said, tend to be more complicated to resolve.
“Is it a vocabulary issue? A background knowledge issue? A sentence length issue? How dense is the text?” Mr. Peiser said, rattling off a string of potential reading roadblocks. “It’s a three-dimensional problem that you have to attack. And it just takes time.”
Uncommon’s experience is not so uncommon. Other charter networks and school districts similarly wrestle to bring struggling readers up to speed while having more success in math.
In a Mathematica Policy Research study of schools run by KIPP, one of the country’s best-known charter operators, researchers found that on average, students who had been enrolled in KIPP middle schools for three years had test scores that indicated they were about 11 months — or the equivalent of more than a full grade level — ahead of the national average in math. In reading, KIPP’s advantage over the national average was smaller, about eight months.
Among large public urban districts, which typically have large concentrations of poor students, six raised eighth-grade math scores on the federal tests known as the National Assessment of Educational Progress from 2009 to 2011. Only one — in Charlotte, N.C. — was able to do so in reading.
Studies have repeatedly found that “teachers have bigger impacts on math test scores than on English test scores,” said Jonah Rockoff, an economist at Columbia Business School. He was a co-author of a study that showed that teachers who helped students raise standardized test scores had a lasting effect on those students’ future incomes, as well as other lifelong outcomes.
Teachers and administrators who work with children from low-income families say one reason teachers struggle to help these students improve reading comprehension is that deficits start at such a young age: in the 1980s, the psychologists Betty Hart and Todd R. Risley found that by the time they are 4 years old, children from poor families have heard 32 million fewer words than children with professional parents.
By contrast, children learn math predominantly in school.
“Your mother or father doesn’t come up and tuck you in at night and read you equations,” said Geoffrey Borman, a professor at the Wisconsin Center for Education Research at the University of Wisconsin. “But parents do read kids bedtime stories, and kids do engage in discussions around literacy, and kids are exposed to literacy in all walks of life outside of school.”
Reading also requires background knowledge of cultural, historical and
social references. Math is a more universal language of equations and
rules.
“Math is really culturally neutral in so many ways,” said Scott Shirey, executive director of KIPP Delta Public Schools in Arkansas. “For a child who’s had a vast array of experiences around the world, the Pythagorean theorem is just as difficult or daunting as it would be to a child who has led a relatively insular life.”
Readers’ Comments
Share your thoughts.
Education experts also say reading development simply requires that students spend so much more time practicing.
And while reading has been the subject of fierce pedagogical battles, “the ideological divisions are not as great on the math side as they are on the literacy side,” said Linda Chen, deputy chief academic officer in the Boston Public Schools. In 2011, 29 percent of eighth graders eligible for free lunch in Boston scored at proficient or advanced levels on federal math exams, compared with just 17 percent in reading.
At Troy Prep, which is housed in a renovated warehouse, teachers work closely with students to help them overcome difficulties in both math and reading, breaking classes into small groups. But the relative challenges of teaching both subjects were evident on a recent morning.
During a fifth-grade reading class, students read aloud from “Bridge to Terabithia,” by Katherine Paterson. Naomi Frame, the teacher, guided the students in a close reading of a few paragraphs. But when she asked them to select which of two descriptions fit Terabithia, the magic kingdom created by the two main characters, the class stumbled to draw inferences from the text.
Later, in math class, the same students had less difficulty following Bridget McElduff as she taught a lesson on adding fractions with different denominators. At the beginning of the class, Ms. McElduff rapidly called out equations involving two fractions, and the students eagerly called back the answers.
Because the students were familiar with the basic principles — finding the greatest common factor, then reducing — they quickly caught on when she asked them to add three fractions.
New curriculum standards known as the Common Core that have been adopted by 45 states and the District of Columbia could raise the bar in math. “As math has become more about talking, arguing and writing, it’s beginning to require these kinds of cultural resources that depend on something besides school,” said Deborah L. Ball, dean of the school of education at the University of Michigan.
Teachers and administrators within the Uncommon network are confident that they will eventually crack the nut in reading. One solution: get the students earlier. Paul Powell, principal of Troy Prep, said the school, which added kindergarten two years ago and first grade last fall, would add second-, third- and fourth-grade classes over the next three years.
Over time, teachers hope to develop the same results in reading that they have produced in math. Already, students at high school campuses in the Uncommon network in Brooklyn and Newark post average scores on SAT reading tests that exceed some national averages.
“I don’t think there is very much research out there to say that when you can take a student who is impoverished and dramatically behind, that you can fix it in three years,” said Mr. Javsicas, the seventh-grade reading teacher, who also coordinates special education at Troy Prep. “But I do think the signs seem fairly positive that if we can take kids from kindergarten and take them through 12th grade, I think we can get there.”
This article has been revised to reflect the following correction:
Correction: May 30, 2013
An earlier version of this article misstated the percentages of children who scored at a proficient or advanced level in math and reading after attending an Uncommon school for two years. Eighty-six percent, not 90 percent, score that high in math, and two thirds, not just over a third, reach those levels in reading.Awori
Remember these words
sadovnik socratus
We know that photon exist.
But … … but . . . . in which reference frame ?
Someone had given answer:
' If you try to search for 'reference frame ' for the photon
'emission & re-emission', you will find only some
'Quantum-Mechanics' Mumbo jumbo and very little else.'
My answer.
When the quantum of light moves with the constant speed c=1
the time for him is ‘frozen’ - stopped. Time doesn’t exist for him.
In the other words, he has eternal time.
It means that the reference frame where the quantum of light moves
also must be eternal, absolute.
==..
iss
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i.sadovnik socratus
The History of Existence was written by Quantum of Light.
=====.
Craig Weinberg
i.sadovnik socratus
A Man can only be an object from the perspective of a second Man.
#
We cannot call Man a ‘’Man’’ unless he acts
and act is a phenomenon within visual sensitivity.
#
There can be no Man and no Woman without first having
pre-quantitative capacities for sensing and making sense.
#
People are abstractions - the reality is sensory-motor participation
==============….
By analogy to Craig Weinberg’s opinion.
Craig Weinberg
"A Man can only be an object from the perspective of a second Man."
"
We cannot call Man a ‘’Man’’ unless he acts
and act is a phenomenon within visual sensitivity."
That's not only a false analogy of what I said, it is a pretty desperate straw man. Illumination is a visual phenomenon, but 'action' is not. If you wanted to make a legitimate analogy, you could say "We cannot call something a human body unless it feels, look, sounds, smells, behaves like a human body, and these qualities are phenomena within the scope of multiple human sensitivities'. Photons do not smell like anything, their effects are visual or thermal. Light does not refer to the thermal properties of photons, but to the visual effects which we observe through material instruments.
"There can be no Man and no Woman without first having
pre-quantitative capacities for sensing and making sense."
This is true, so I have no problem agreeing with it.
"People are abstractions - the reality is sensory-motor participation"
People are sensory-motor participants already so they are concrete, but photons are not. To make this an honest analogy we might say that money is an abstraction, and the reality is the human socio-economic interaction, which is true. Photons are like money. They have no meaningful form except one that has been arbitrarily agreed upon - a sign, a signal, semaphore, metaphor, etc. Photons are not light, they are a sign of illumination being measured by something that cannot see. They are units of sensitivity misinterpreted as independent form-functions.
i.sadovnik socratus
That's a good analogy.
Men and women are subjects /mind and objects/ bodies.
The same about Photon.
============…
nominal9
sadovnik socratus
An interaction between electron and photon.
“ . . when there is a change of state the electron either releases
or absorbs a photon and its location changes from one discrete
energy pattern to another discrete energy pattern around the nucleus.
. . . . these things,
they are very well explained by the standard model of physics”
/ from an email /
==..
How can an electron ( slower than c ) emit photon at c=1?
==.
Book:
' Now take the electron. Even if its velocity is close to that
of light – 10^10 cm/s – it will have a momentum of only
about 10^-17 g cm/s. The gamma photon used for
illumination has a very short wavelength ( say, 6 10^13 cm)
and a momentum of 10^-14, which is thousands of times that
of the electron. So, when a photon hits an electron, it is like
a railway train smashing into a baby- carriage.’
/ Book: ABC’s of quantum mechanics. By V. Rydnik. Page 98-99. /
==. ..
This is “very well explained by the standard model of physics” !! ??
Opinions, please.
===========,,,,
nominal9
Analogy is an unreliable argument... more often than not.... unless a direct correspondence is possible (BUT IT IS A "FUN" ARGUMENT RHETORICALLY)....So, I speak to the Analogy, Socratus, because I know little about the actual relations between electron-proton
sadovnik socratus
The interaction between electrons is doing by quantum of light .
/ Today’s opinion. /
#
The interaction between quantum of light and atom.
A simple atom is : electron + proton + empty space (!?).
One of four things can be happened:
1
The photon gives up its energy to an electron located in the atom.
Armed with this extra energy, the electron is able to move to
a higher energy level. ( and the photon disappears - where is photon now ? )
/ In this situation, when a photon hits an electron, it is like
a railway train smashing into a baby- carriage.’/
2
A gamma photon with much more energetic would strongly kick
the electron out of the atom
(and might even produce electron/positron pairs in the process).
/ In this situation, when a photon hits an electron, it is like
a railway train smashing into a baby- carriage.’/
3
The photon gives up its energy to the proton .
Proton is about 2000 times heavier than electron.
Maybe in this situation the poor photon is smashing now . . . .
. . . . and it will be hard to him to radiate back.
4 .
The empty substance (!?) allows the photon to pass through unchanged.
Known as transmission, this happens because the photon doesn't
interact with any electron or proton and continues its journey until
it interacts with another object.
===..
All four scenario are speculative because we don’t know
what photon and electron are and where the proton mass come from.
== ….
P.S.
1900, 1905, 1913
Planck, Einstein and Bohr found the energy of electron as: E=h*f.
1916
Sommerfeld found the formula of electron : e^2=ah*c,
1928
Dirac found two more formulas of electron’s energy:
+E=Mc^2 and -E=Mc^2.
According to QED in interaction with vacuum electron’s
energy is infinite: E= ∞
The energy of electron in the simplest atom is: E= - me^4/ 2h*^2 = -13,6 eV
The negative mark of energy shows that electron is tied in atom.
Questions.
Why does simplest particle - electron have six ( 6 ) formulas ?
What is interaction between them?
=======..
sadovnik socratus
As Richard Feynman wrote in 1985 :
‘ . . .the interaction between light ( electromagnetic fields ) and matter is strange.’
===..
nominal9
http://www.cnn.com/2013/07/25/world/europe/spain-train-crash/