Yes.
If Connally was in fact hit at frame 224, then this missile could not
have struck President Kennedy. Why? Because it is extremely unlikely, if
not impossible, that this same bullet could have caused JFK to react the
way he does in frame 225. In the Zapruder film Kennedy is seen to be
clearly reacting to a wound by frame 225. In this frame his right arm is
at his chest and is bent sharply inward. His left arm is at about the
level of his diaphragm. Together, his arms appear to be in somewhat of a
football-like blocking position. If a missile transited Connally at
frame 224, it would have gone through Kennedy at almost the exact same
fraction of a second, between frames 223 and 224, or during 224 alone
(as Posner opines). But Kennedy could not have stopped waving his right
hand, begun to move his left hand, and brought his right arm to his
upper chest, all in less than two frames (or in less than 1/9th of a
second). Ballistics expert Dr. Roger McCarthy has argued that it would
have taken a minimum of 200 milliseconds, or right around four frames,
for Kennedy to react, even involuntarily, as we see him doing in Z225:
Mr. CHESLER. Now, what I'd like to do is, is move to the very next
frame, 225. How much time elapsed on that day between time frame 224 was
filmed and the time that frame 225 was filmed?
Dr. McCARTHY. About 56 milliseconds. This camera is running at a
shade more than 18 frames/second, so between any 2 frames there's about
an 18th of a second or 56 thousandth of a second. . . .
Mr. CHESLER. Now, Dr., based upon that, do you have a conclusion or
an opinion as to when the President was hit with the bullet--how much
before this point?
Dr. McCARTHY. Yes, as I think Dr. Piziali accurately indicated,
there is a latency or a delay of about 200 milliseconds between the time
that a message is delivered by either traumatic shock to the spine or by
your mind to a muscle before you can get movement. You've experienced
that every time you've ever grabbed something hot. You've known it was
hot and were burned because of the delay, because you couldn't get--let
go or move fast enough to avoid the damage. You knew it, and you just
couldn't make your body move fast enough. There's nothing wrong with
you; it takes about a fifth of a second to get all the hardware up to
full power--to get the muscles to move.
Mr. CHESLER. Now, Dr., if, then, the President was hit 200
milliseconds before the movement on [frame] 225, how many frames back in
the film would that be?
Dr. McCARTHY. That would be at 221 AT A MINIMUM [i.e., at the
latest, and notice this is just based on timing it from a reaction at Z225]
Mr. CHESLER. And at 221 he's behind the sign, is that correct?
Dr. McCARTHY. Yes.
Mr. CHESLER. Alright. If he was hit at 221 and the Governor was hit
at 224 according to the prosecution, then could they have been hit by
the same bullet?
Dr. McCARTHY. NO. (63:235-236, emphasis added)