This is a really interesting article about how radio signals between ground based stations and orbiting satellites were recently used to detect a tsunami in real time. Basically, a tsunami moving through the ocean displaces water which displaces the air above which causes ripples in the ionosphere which in turn affects travel times of radio waves. See
https://www.bbc.com/future/article/20251111-how-nasa-spotted-a-tsunami-in-real-time