While I regularly take notes during Teams meetings I take your point that one can be kept busy. I switch between the meeting and a Word file. I spent quite some years earning a living with a manual typewriter, so don't have to rely on the screen reader much when writing and certainly do not have keystrokes being echoed.
You cdan, of course, record a Teams meeting if participants are happy. There are countless tools that will summarise the recording. This stayed old bloke would not trust them, but the option is there. In fact, I am fairly sure that Teams (not my freeish version) can produce a transcript and summarise it.
Andrew