Hello,
I will be answering the 2nd question. I will not answer the 3rd question as it is related to graded assignment, however I will average rating after the deadline of submission. first question I won't answer as we are not entirely sure about the date variable. We will issue a clarification on the date too when support team reaches a conclusion on date variable.
2) Year is a numerical variable as there is a specific unit of measurement and numerical properties. Also the difference between 2012 AD, 2013 AD is same as difference between 2013 AD and 2014 AD.
Apologies for the delay in answering your question
Best,
Ram,
Statistics-1 Course Support Instructor.