By definition, A = {0, 2, 4, 6, 8,. . . }, B = {1, 3, 5, 7,. . . }, C = {2, 4, 5, 10,. . . ,
50} and D = {2, 3, 5, 7, 11,.., 97}.
Option 1 shows D as a subset of all odd natural numbers. But D contains element 2,
whereas B does not. Hence, this option is wrong.
Option 2 has overlap between A and C and overlap between B and C, but no overlap
between A and B. A and B are sets of even and odd natural numbers which have no
overlap. C is the set of natural numbers which divide 100. A ∩ C = {2, 4, 10, 20, 50} and
B ∩ C = {1, 5, 25}. Hence, this option is correct.
Option 3 represents C and D sets with an overlap between them. The overlapping area
includes the set of all prime numbers which can divide 100. This is the set {2, 5}. Hence,
option 3 is also correct.
A ∩ D = {2}, but there is no overlap between A and D in Option 4. Hence, this option is
wrong.
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4. Let A be the set of natural numbers which are multiples of 5 strictly less than 100, and B
be the set of natural numbers which divide 100. What are the cardinalities of the following
sets?
B \ A (the set of elements in B but not in A), A ∩ B, and B
(2, 5, 7)
(4, 5, 9)
(3, 4 , 7)
(3, 5, 8)
Solution: By definition, A = {5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55, 60, 65, 70, 75, 80,
85, 90, 95}, B = {1, 2, 4, 5, 10, 20, 25, 50, 100}, B \A = {1, 2, 4, 100} and A∩B = {5, 10,
20, 25, 50}. It follows that the cardinalities of sets B \ A, A ∩ B and B are, respectively,
4, 5 and 9. Hence, option 2 is correct.