You won't be able to get precise step-by-step instructions, since your machine setup may be very different from anyone else's here. Much of this will be different depending on what OS you are using, for instance.
As Adrian said, the 'patch' command can be used to apply that diff file. On a UNIX-based system, you would generally run that from the command line (from the 'src' directory of your Chromium checkout) like
patch -p1 < patch.diff
but this may or may not succeed now, depending on how recent your checkout is. That patch file was generated from a specific chromium checkout at least eight months ago, and it might not apply now, depending on how much the surrounding code has changed in the meantime. In the worst case, you might need to figure out how to edit the code manually to produce the same effect.