A link to a test extension is in the CL comments.
On adding the --debug flag to bluetoothd shows these logs,
2015-07-07T18:37:11.673325-04:00 DEBUG bluetoothd[1331]: src/agent.c:agent_disconnect() Agent :1.9 disconnected
2015-07-07T18:37:11.673347-04:00 DEBUG bluetoothd[1331]: src/agent.c:remove_default_agent() Default agent cleared
2015-07-07T18:37:11.673352-04:00 DEBUG bluetoothd[1331]: src/agent.c:agent_destroy() agent :1.9
2015-07-07T18:37:11.673356-04:00 DEBUG bluetoothd[1331]: src/agent.c:agent_unref() 0x7f116861afc0: ref=0
Due to the log resolution for Chrome, I can't quite tell whether it is Chrome disconnecting first or bluetoothd. Speaking with jamuraa@, he believes that Chrome (or DBus) is disconnecting and bluetoothd is just doing the correct thing.
Again, I have no idea to figure out why dbus would be causing the disconnect. Using dbus-monitor --system doesn't show anything useful.