With Developer Mode enabled, the extension connects to the native messaging host and works as expected.
With Developer Mode disabled:
If you disable and then re‑enable the extension, it fails to connect to the native messaging host.
The Service Worker link disappears, so I can’t open the background console to view any logs.
If start Chrome with --enable-logging and then enable the extension (while Developer Mode is off), I see a log message:
This error does not appear when Developer Mode is on, and in that case the native messaging host launches normally.
I haven’t found any documentation stating that native messaging requires Developer Mode, so this behavior looks like a possible bug.