If I chmod 4750 chrome-sandbox to set the suid bit and keep the root ownership, I still have no suid sandbox and no running zygote for chrome-sandbox. The exact permissions for chrome-sandbox are "-rwsr-x---", so it's clearly set to use suid.
Stderr is just an error output and I have no error or dialogue if I launch chrome-wrapper from the terminal, nor in the GUI. The kernel is 3.2 in Debian Testing and installing Chromium from any distro repository results in the suid stuff working fine, so the kernel isn't the problem.
For the tarball I'm working with, I've tried it, and a few newer ones on other Debian and Ubuntu installs and all are unsuccessful. They launch and otherwise run fine, but not with the suid sandboxing enabled. From this page,
https://code.google.com/p/chromium/wiki/LinuxSUIDSandboxit talks about specifying the sandbox path when building, so it seems that when using a Chromium tarball from the commondatastorage index, it doesn't come with suid sandboxing enabled.
Is this correct?