In general the Chromium project provides source code but doesn't make any "official" distributions of that source. Browsers based on chromium will be built and distributed by a corporation (eg. Google Chrome or Microsoft Edge) or a project (such as many Linux distros that include a browser called "Chromium", which is maintained and distributed by that specific distro, based on the chromium source + patches). The contents of those packages are vouched for by whatever corporation, project, or individual builds and distributes them.
In this case that would be the individual PhistucK pointed to. (I haven't personally confirmed that, just going by PhistucK's post.)
"The Chromium Authors" is the string used in copyright headers in the Chromium source. My understanding that it includes anyone who has signed the contributor agreement, thus assigning copyright of their code contributions to the Chromium project. (So, those are only the authors of the Chromium-specific source code - the full copyright of a Chromium binary also includes the authors of many open source libraries that are linked in.) I believe
https://chromium.googlesource.com/chromium/src/+/HEAD/AUTHORS is the complete list of people covered by "The Chromium Authors".
(Note: I'm not a lawyer and don't officially speak for Google or Chromium on this, this is just my impression as a Chromium contributor and what I found from searching the source.)
So the publisher listed in that flatpak seems to be incorrect. "The Chromium Authors" are the authors of (a large chunk of) the code included in it, but not the publisher of the flatpak itself.