Hi Jim,
I assume you are saying that --app fixed your problem. Your snapshot does not show a scroll bar. App mode runs the page as a window and should not have the scroll bar problem.
If you truly want a web app, then specifying size might not be what you are looking for. The user may want to resize and retain that size and position when restarted.
Another method to create a web app is "create shortcut" which can be found in "more tools" or on the default chrome google search page. Once the shortcut is defined, go to chrome://apps and right mouse click on the chrome shortcut. Selecting "open in window" will give you an app type of window without the browser stuff. "create shortcut" will allow you to create a real shortcut on the desktop and start bar.
MS Windows and Xwindows will always have a desktop (unless running headless but that's not what we are talking about here). You mentioned that you don't have a desktop environment (e.g. kde or gnome) which does not affect windows. MS Windows equivalent is "explorer" which can be killed to produce the same effect. Eliminating the desktop environment makes it difficult to start programs that create a new windows (e.g no start bar, no screen shortcuts and fewer keyboard shortcuts).
Good luck, Jon.