I can't see anything wrong in your setup. Did you copy/paste the symbol server path? It's easy to get hard-to-spot typos.
I tested with UIforETW's retrievesymbols command, like this:
c:\src\github\UIforETW\bin>retrievesymbols 82e78c0614a6d29f4c4c44205044422e 1 chrome.dll.pdb
Looking for PDB file 82e78c0614a6d29f4c4c44205044422e 1 chrome.dll.pdb.
Found file - placed it in C:\symbols\chrome.dll.pdb\82E78C0614A6D29F4C4C44205044422E1\chrome.dll.pdb.
As you can see it found the PDB, so it has been published. Maybe there was a network problem on your end? You could try with windbg, or you could try using procmon to see if it can figure out why the PDB was not downloaded.
I always set a symbol server cache directory and it looks like you haven't. Maybe that would help? Sorry, just guessing.