The :lang CSS pseudo-class currently matches elements based on level 3 specs logic, which describes a prefix-matching rule to match language values. The level 4 spec changes this matching logic, supporting argument-list and language range matching (according to the specs of the extended filtering operation from RFC4647 - Matching of language tags - section 3.3.2, and the simple priority list matching described on section 2.3)
This change mostly extends :lang functionality and don't change existing behavior, except for adding implicit wildcard matching, which breaks one of the existing level 3 tests: https://wpt.fyi/results/css/selectors/i18n/css3-selectors-lang-005.html
Does this intent deprecate or change behavior of existing APIs, such that it has potentially high risk for Android WebView-based applications?
No.
Automatically supported, same as other pseudo-elements.
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