2. $ adb shell pm install --user 0 /data/app/<something>/com.google.android.webview-<somethingelse>/base.apk
This command will print "Success" if it worked. You need to make sure to replace <something> and <somethingelse> with the appropriate values that are printed by the first command. You should use the "--user 0" flag argument since you said you removed it from user 0, however if other people have the same issue then they'll need to use a different flag argument for the appropriate user number (0 is a common user number, however the secondary profile might have a different number).
3. $ adb shell dumpsys webviewupdate
Current WebView Update Service state
Multiprocess enabled: true
Current WebView package (name, version): (com.google.android.webview, 113.0.5672.136) Minimum targetSdkVersion: 33
Minimum WebView version code: 567263637
Number of relros started: 1
Number of relros finished: 1
WebView package dirty: false
Any WebView package installed: true
Preferred WebView package (name, version): (com.google.android.webview, 113.0.5672.136)
WebView packages:
Valid package com.google.android.webview (versionName: 113.0.5672.136, versionCode: 567263637, targetSdkVersion: 34) is installed/enabled for all users com.google.android.webview.beta is NOT installed.
com.google.android.webview.dev is NOT installed.
com.google.android.webview.canary is NOT installed.
com.google.android.webview.debug is NOT installed.
com.android.webview is NOT installed.
The command update should look something like this. The key thing to look for is that you want to see "Current WebView package... com.google.android.webview" and "Valid package com.google.android.webview... installed/enabled for all users." If the command output looks unexpected, then you have one more step to do.
$ adb shell cmd webviewupdate set-webview-implementation com.google.android.webview