document.scrollingElement === document.documentElement is actually the standards compliant behavior, not the quirks mode behavior. So this is actually the correct behavior for
CSS1Compat compatMode, per the specification. See
https://dev.opera.com/articles/fixing-the-scrolltop-bug/.
But - Chrome has not enabled it by default yet (:(), however, if you enabled the experimental web platform features (chrome://flags/#enable-experimental-web-platform-features), it will be enabled.
If that flag is not enabled in your Chrome, I suspect it might be a finch experiment (a feature that is only enabled for some percentage of the users). Restarting Chrome completely might opt you out of the experiment, I think.