I want know about that actions(low level) make the web browser in the navigation

[ricardo]

The question is apparently simple and easy:

What actions make the web browser in no-SPA web page, when receive HTML of a page?

We can answer: the web browser change the present canvas to the HTML that it received, drawing the page...

But I interesting to know about that others actions make the web browser in the navigation action...( optimization, cache... )

Please technique answers that I can contrast... 

Thanks.