Fix BaseAudioContext::hasPendingActivity() to make it GCed correctly (issue 2283053002 by hongchan@chromium.org)

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hong...@chromium.org

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Aug 26, 2016, 3:06:53 PM8/26/16
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Reviewers: Raymond Toy
CL: https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

Message:
PTAL.

Description:
Fix BaseAudioContext::hasPendingActivity() to make it GCed correctly

The realtime AudioContext is not GCed properly even after the tear-down.
It is because the context mark itself as 'has pending activity' no
matter what the actual status is.

This CL changes heuristic of hasPendingActivity method to signal Oilpan
that this context is ready for GC; rtoy@ and I discussed that the best
logic is when the destination handler does not have incoming connection
any more.

BUG=503845
TEST=LayoutTests/webaudio/audiocontext-leak.html

Affected files (+79, -2 lines):
A third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/webaudio/audiocontext-leak.html
M third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/webaudio/resources/audio-testing.js
M third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.h
M third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.cpp
M third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/BaseAudioContext.cpp


Index: third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/webaudio/audiocontext-leak.html
diff --git a/third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/webaudio/audiocontext-leak.html b/third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/webaudio/audiocontext-leak.html
new file mode 100644
index 0000000000000000000000000000000000000000..4d76874a75b240ff97b0bb1281e5f9fafb2c650c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/webaudio/audiocontext-leak.html
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+<!DOCTYPE html>
+<html>
+<head>
+ <title></title>
+ <script src="../resources/testharness.js"></script>
+ <script src="../resources/testharnessreport.js"></script>
+ <script src="resources/audio-testing.js"></script>
+</head>
+<body>
+ <script>
+ var audioContextObservation;
+
+ var audit = Audit.createTaskRunner();
+
+
+ // Create an instance of AudioContext without JS reference, and observe
+ // if it goes away after the forcible GC.
+ audit.defineTask('observe-leak', function (taskDone) {
+
+ // This layout test requires internal helpers from run-webkit-tests.
+ Should('window.internals', window.internals).exist();
+ Should('window.GCController', window.GCController).exist();
+
+ audioContextObservation = internals.observeGC(new AudioContext());
+ GCController.collectAll();
+
+ Should('audioContextObservation.wasCollected',
+ audioContextObservation.wasCollected).beEqualTo(true);
+
+ taskDone();
+ });
+
+
+ audit.runTasks();
+ </script>
+</body>
+</html>
Index: third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/webaudio/resources/audio-testing.js
diff --git a/third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/webaudio/resources/audio-testing.js b/third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/webaudio/resources/audio-testing.js
index 5cbe92c150b07aa9938853951645f4b81ed64729..12479de0a57b597b77159a3e9a64dda3a09b0611 100644
--- a/third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/webaudio/resources/audio-testing.js
+++ b/third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/webaudio/resources/audio-testing.js
@@ -597,6 +597,20 @@ var Should = (function () {
throw failureMessage;
};

+ // Check if |target| does exist. (not undefined nor null)
+ //
+ // Example:
+ // Should('null', null).exist();
+ // Result:
+ // "FAIL null does not exist."
+ ShouldModel.prototype.exist = function () {
+ if (this.target !== null && this.target !== undefined) {
+ this._testPassed('exist');
+ } else {
+ this._testFailed('does not exist');
+ }
+ };
+
// Check if |target| is equal to |value|.
//
// Example:
Index: third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.cpp
diff --git a/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.cpp b/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.cpp
index f4a86ca65181ee9dc233c803168a815022438191..a02406807862e9e17b8bd26b83f85bb59a341156 100644
--- a/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.cpp
+++ b/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.cpp
@@ -35,6 +35,7 @@ namespace blink {
AudioDestinationHandler::AudioDestinationHandler(AudioNode& node, float sampleRate)
: AudioHandler(NodeTypeDestination, node, sampleRate)
, m_currentSampleFrame(0)
+ , m_numberOfConnections(0)
{
addInput();
}
@@ -103,6 +104,14 @@ void AudioDestinationHandler::render(AudioBus* sourceBus, AudioBus* destinationB
// Advance current sample-frame.
size_t newSampleFrame = m_currentSampleFrame + numberOfFrames;
releaseStore(&m_currentSampleFrame, newSampleFrame);
+
+ // Update connection status.
+ releaseStore(&m_numberOfConnections, input(0).numberOfRenderingConnections());
+}
+
+unsigned AudioDestinationHandler::numberOfConnections() const
+{
+ return acquireLoad(&m_numberOfConnections);
}

// ----------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -122,5 +131,10 @@ unsigned long AudioDestinationNode::maxChannelCount() const
return audioDestinationHandler().maxChannelCount();
}

+bool AudioDestinationNode::hasConnection() const
+{
+ return audioDestinationHandler().numberOfConnections() > 0;
+}
+
} // namespace blink

Index: third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.h
diff --git a/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.h b/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.h
index a2c419a469b5e4eb25eeb45044ca653c52585bbc..40758cb907402dce56116c4d1411719d36089846 100644
--- a/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.h
+++ b/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.h
@@ -56,6 +56,8 @@ public:
virtual void startRendering() = 0;
virtual void stopRendering() = 0;

+ unsigned numberOfConnections() const;
+
protected:
// LocalAudioInputProvider allows us to expose an AudioSourceProvider for local/live audio input.
// If there is local/live audio input, we call set() with the audio input data every render quantum.
@@ -88,6 +90,12 @@ protected:
// Counts the number of sample-frames processed by the destination.
size_t m_currentSampleFrame;

+ // Represents the number of incoming connections toward this destination
+ // node. It is updated every render quantum atomically, and it proxies
+ // the connection count for the rendering operation used in
+ // AudioSummingJuntion.
+ unsigned m_numberOfConnections;
+
LocalAudioInputProvider m_localAudioInputProvider;
};

@@ -98,6 +106,8 @@ public:

unsigned long maxChannelCount() const;

+ bool hasConnection() const;
+
protected:
AudioDestinationNode(BaseAudioContext&);
};
Index: third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/BaseAudioContext.cpp
diff --git a/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/BaseAudioContext.cpp b/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/BaseAudioContext.cpp
index 2e72ec0778d2f4d10bedb4b47c8f0f8f00d29de2..0914dfafd913d50de7e1151223037dc794d762e9 100644
--- a/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/BaseAudioContext.cpp
+++ b/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/BaseAudioContext.cpp
@@ -213,8 +213,10 @@ void BaseAudioContext::stop()

bool BaseAudioContext::hasPendingActivity() const
{
- // There's no pending activity if the audio context has been cleared.
- return !m_isCleared;
+ // If the destination node (handler) has any active connection and the audio
+ // graph needs to be rendered, we mark the context as 'hasPendingActivity'.
+ // This keeps this node from getting GCed.
+ return destination()->hasConnection();
}

AudioDestinationNode* BaseAudioContext::destination() const


rtoy@chromium.org via codereview.chromium.org

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Aug 26, 2016, 4:12:16 PM8/26/16
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https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/diff/1/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.cpp
File third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.cpp
(right):

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/diff/1/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.cpp#newcode137
third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/AudioDestinationNode.cpp:137:
}
Since AudioDestinationNode is an AudioNode with a single input, can't
this all be done using
audioDestinationHandler()->input(0)->isConnected()? (See
PannerHandler::process for an example).

This gets rid of a lot of redundant stuff, if this actually works.

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

har...@chromium.org

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Aug 26, 2016, 10:10:04 PM8/26/16
to hongcha...@chromium.org, rt...@chromium.org, rt...@chromium.org, blink-...@chromium.org, chromium...@chromium.org, hongcha...@chromium.org
> This CL changes heuristic of hasPendingActivity method to signal Oilpan that
this context is ready for GC

Nit: hasPendingActivity is a mechanism to signal V8, not Oilpan.

BTW, will this CL fix the web-audio leaks suppressed in LeakExpectations?

https://cs.chromium.org/chromium/src/third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/LeakExpectations?q=leakexpectations&sq=package:chromium&dr&l=86


https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

hong...@chromium.org

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Aug 27, 2016, 1:06:38 PM8/27/16
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On 2016/08/27 02:10:03, haraken wrote:
> > This CL changes heuristic of hasPendingActivity method to signal Oilpan that
> this context is ready for GC
>
> Nit: hasPendingActivity is a mechanism to signal V8, not Oilpan.
>
> BTW, will this CL fix the web-audio leaks suppressed in LeakExpectations?
>
>
https://cs.chromium.org/chromium/src/third_party/WebKit/LayoutTests/LeakExpectations?q=leakexpectations&sq=package:chromium&dr&l=86

Hmm. I am not sure how the WebAudio is related to the issue 451577 or the issue
578297. I think the comment in LeakExpectation needs to be fixed.

Note that this only fixes the leak of BaseAudioContext. However, the approach in
the PS1 is not quite correct. I am going to move the proxy variable for the
destination connection to DeferredTaskHandler so we don't have to deal with the
atomic access. Although PS1 passes the attached layout test, but it makes the
renderer crash on other layout tests. I am investigating it at the moment.

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

hong...@chromium.org

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Aug 27, 2016, 1:09:41 PM8/27/16
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On 2016/08/26 20:12:15, Raymond Toy wrote:
> Since AudioDestinationNode is an AudioNode with a single input, can't
this all
> be done using audioDestinationHandler()->input(0)->isConnected()?
(See
> PannerHandler::process for an example).
>
> This gets rid of a lot of redundant stuff, if this actually works.

As we discussed offline, this structure is necessary because the active
connection of the input summing junction can only be touched by the
audio rendering thread. So I am using the atomic access with a proxy
variable, but this causes the renderer crash in WebAudio layout tests.

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

hong...@chromium.org

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Aug 31, 2016, 12:49:33 PM8/31/16
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+dominicc@

Could you take a look at why stop() is not getting called at all in the test?

This is the test log from PS2:
---
BaseAudioContext::hasPendingActivity
BaseAudioContext::hasPendingActivity
BaseAudioContext::hasPendingActivity
BaseAudioContext::hasPendingActivity
BaseAudioContext::hasPendingActivity
BaseAudioContext::hasPendingActivity
BaseAudioContext::hasPendingActivity
This is a testharness.js-based test.
PASS window.internals exist.
PASS window.GCController exist.
FAIL audioContextObservation.wasCollected assert_true:
audioContextObservation.wasCollected was false instead of true. expected true
got false
Harness: the test ran to completion.
---

stop() doesn't get called, thus neither uninitialize() nor clear() is not
called. So clearing the context did not happen when the test is checking if the
context is GCed.

However, the test runner does not report the leaking (--enable-leak-detection),
so perhaps the leak is happening between the end of the layout test and the
actual test completion by the test runner? I am not completely sure.


https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

domi...@chromium.org

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Sep 1, 2016, 9:22:11 PM9/1/16
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Yes, good test and analysis. Great work! I'm glad you're looking at this.

In my experience the likely causes are:

1. The object really is kept alive. The test is a true failure.

2. I suspect V8 doesn't track the liveness of temporaries, like the result of
new AudioContext, in a very precise way so things end up living a tiny bit
longer for that reason. Typically the way around this is to call a function or
even spinning the event loop. So something like:

var audioContext;
(() => { audioContextObservation = internals.observeGC(new AudioContext());
})();
GCController.collectAll();
Should('audioContextObservation.wasCollected',
audioContextObservation.wasCollected).beEqualTo(true);

Or an extreme sanity check:

var audioContextObservation; // global now
function step1() {
audioContextObservation = internals.observeGC(new AudioContext());
requestAnimationFrame(step2);
}
function step2() {
GCController.collectAll();
Should('audioContextObservation.wasCollected',
audioContextObservation.wasCollected).beEqualTo(true);
// signal the test to continue
}
step1();

3. GCController.collectAll doesn't really collect all (sadly). If you look at
the comment here, there's just this magic number that 7 garbage collections are
enough:

https://cs.chromium.org/chromium/src/components/test_runner/gc_controller.cc?q=GCController::collectall&sq=package:chromium&l=53

When I started working on WebKit, I think that number was three or five. It
unfortunately only goes up as our memory management gets more complicated. So
you can try bumping up that number (although it slows down a number of tests) or
call collectAll many times.

HTH!

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

har...@chromium.org

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Sep 1, 2016, 11:15:48 PM9/1/16
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stop() is called only when the associated Document gets detached. In your test,
the Document is not detached and thus stop() is not called.

I'm confused. If you have the following code:

new AudioContext()
gc();

Are you expecting that the GC collects the AudioContext?

With your CL, the GC won't collect the AudioContext because the AudioContext is
not cleared until the associated Document gets detached.


https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

hong...@chromium.org

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Sep 2, 2016, 12:16:56 AM9/2/16
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Thanks Dominic - this is super helpful. I'll do the experiment and report back
here.

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

hong...@chromium.org

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Sep 2, 2016, 12:35:42 AM9/2/16
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> stop() is called only when the associated Document gets detached. In your
test,
> the Document is not detached and thus stop() is not called.
>
> I'm confused. If you have the following code:
>
> new AudioContext()
> gc();
>
> Are you expecting that the GC collects the AudioContext?
>
> With your CL, the GC won't collect the AudioContext because the AudioContext
is
> not cleared until the associated Document gets detached.

Thanks for the clarification - that explains the observed behavior. I wasn't
sure how stop() and hasPendingActivity() interact when the document shuts down.

PS1 actually changed the heuristic of hasPendingActivity() by returning the
active connection of the destination node. However, stop() is still not being
called because this happens inside of a document. (no document being detached.)
The context is not cleared, yet hasPendingActivity() returns false because it
has zero connection. So the context leaks badly and the tab crashes after few
reloads.

To resolve this, we can merge all tearing-down tasks into uninitialize() and
call it when:

1) stop() is called. (Document is detached.)
2) An AudioContext object has no JS reference and has zero connection to it.

But I am not sure how we can detect when an JS object is derefed.

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

har...@chromium.org

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Sep 2, 2016, 5:58:33 AM9/2/16
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There is no way to detect when a JS object is derefed (by design). However, that
shouldn't be a problem because V8 calls hasPendingActivity() for all existing
wrappers before running a GC. If you think that the DOM object is not needed
from the DOM-side perspective, you can just return false from
hasPendingActivity(). Then the V8 GC will collect the DOM object.

i.e., I think you just need to make hasPendingActivity return false when it has
zero connection or the document is detached.



https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

hong...@chromium.org

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Sep 2, 2016, 1:04:25 PM9/2/16
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> There is no way to detect when a JS object is derefed (by design). However,
that
> shouldn't be a problem because V8 calls hasPendingActivity() for all existing
> wrappers before running a GC. If you think that the DOM object is not needed
> from the DOM-side perspective, you can just return false from
> hasPendingActivity(). Then the V8 GC will collect the DOM object.

Does hasPendingActivity() being called means that the object is derefed? We
don't need to know the exact timing of dereference. If we can interpret this
call as a sign of 'this object is targeted for GC', we can start the
uninitialization when the conditions are met. (i.e. no active connection to the
destination & the context is cleared)

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

har...@chromium.org

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Sep 2, 2016, 2:08:09 PM9/2/16
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On 2016/09/02 17:04:25, hoch wrote:
> > There is no way to detect when a JS object is derefed (by design). However,
> that
> > shouldn't be a problem because V8 calls hasPendingActivity() for all
existing
> > wrappers before running a GC. If you think that the DOM object is not needed
> > from the DOM-side perspective, you can just return false from
> > hasPendingActivity(). Then the V8 GC will collect the DOM object.
>
> Does hasPendingActivity() being called means that the object is derefed?

No. hasPendingActivity() is called for all wrappers. If you return true, the
wrapper will be kept alive. If you return false and the wrapper is unreachable
on the V8 side, the wrapper will be collected.


> We don't need to know the exact timing of dereference. If we can interpret
this
> call as a sign of 'this object is targeted for GC', we can start the
> uninitialization when the conditions are met. (i.e. no active connection to
the
> destination & the context is cleared)

Again, there's no way to know the timing when a wrapper is GCed.

Why doesn't the approach I mentioned in #16 work?


https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

rtoy@chromium.org via codereview.chromium.org

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Sep 2, 2016, 2:19:22 PM9/2/16
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https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/diff/20001/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/BaseAudioContext.cpp
File third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/BaseAudioContext.cpp
(right):

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/diff/20001/third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/BaseAudioContext.cpp#newcode221
third_party/WebKit/Source/modules/webaudio/BaseAudioContext.cpp:221:
return !m_isCleared;
This is different from PS1, where you were returning whether the
destination had connections or not. Could this explain the results of
this test?

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

hong...@chromium.org

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Sep 2, 2016, 2:40:20 PM9/2/16
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> No. hasPendingActivity() is called for all wrappers. If you return true, the
> wrapper will be kept alive. If you return false and the wrapper is unreachable
> on the V8 side, the wrapper will be collected.

Ack.



> Again, there's no way to know the timing when a wrapper is GCed.
> Why doesn't the approach I mentioned in #16 work?

And the suggestion from #16: "make hasPendingActivity return false it has zero

connection or the document is detached."

First, we don't care about the case of document being detached, because it
already works correctly. stop() is explicitly called then we can do
tearing-down.
So the concern here is the first condition - "zero connect". Let me simplify the
question:

a) var ac = new AudioContext();

You don't do anything after that, the destination has zero connection. However,
the object should not be GCed because the reference is still active.

b) var ac = new AudioContext(); ac = null;

In this case, the object must be GCed as soon as possible releasing all the
resources allocated.

However, the problem here is that we cannot differentiate these two cases from
the AudioContext's perspective. So we basically leak the AudioContext in b) - it
does not have a JS reference, but we don't release the resources. If any object
can signal the AudioContext that 'hey you need to go away', this problem can be
fixed easily.

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

hong...@chromium.org

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Sep 2, 2016, 2:41:18 PM9/2/16
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PS2 is up there simply to show the behavior of hasPendingActivity() and stop()
not getting called. I will remove PS2 since now we got the answers for that.

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

har...@chromium.org

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Sep 2, 2016, 3:11:50 PM9/2/16
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tkent@ was previously hitting the same problem for AudioNodes and wrote a design
doc here:
https://docs.google.com/document/d/1MrHQ5RNMTEqlWMR-_yuqmxIG1lxvhA3xF32r2SJ732o/edit#heading=h.k54yjbta6lz8

Is it helpful?


https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

rtoy@chromium.org via codereview.chromium.org

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Sep 2, 2016, 4:37:58 PM9/2/16
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hongchan@ and I were discussing a little earlier whether we could make the
contexts
look more like the AudioNode/AudioHandler classes. Then JS could collect the
context,
while the context handler could stay alive for a bit longer, if needed. On the
other
hand, I'm fine if we kill the handler right away if the context were collected.
There's
no expectation that audio should continue to play if you drop all references to
the
context.

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/

domi...@chromium.org

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Sep 6, 2016, 1:11:25 PM9/6/16
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What does Chris Wilson or Eiji Kitamura think about the idea of stopping the
audio if you drop a reference to the context? There was an old crbug which
complained that the audio stopped when something got garbage collected too soon;
I think some users may expect the audio to continue to play?

I think there's a danger if you stop the audio when the context is dropped that
authors will cargo-cult leaking the context by stuffing it on window as soon as
they create one.

I think we should collect the context as soon as practical after it's not
observable whether it stays alive. That is, when you don't hear any difference
and there's no reference to it which would let you restart it. Everything else
that is garbage collected works this way (or tries to.)

https://codereview.chromium.org/2283053002/
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