Medical Image Format FAQ, Part 5/8
David A. Clunie
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Last-modified: Sun Dec 21 09:16:46 EST 2003
Version: 4.26
3.4 Proprietary Workstations
3.4.1 ISG Workstations
3.4.1.1 Gyroview
The Philips Gyroview workstation is a high-resolution
graphical workstation for MR images from Gyroscan
scanners, that can also handle CT images and other
modalities, and has an optional package for three
dimensional processing of images. It is based on a Sun
SPARC system with proprietary graphics hardware. The
software is actually written by ISG in Canada. The image
format is an ACR/NEMA based format with various private
tags defined, and a proprietary scheme of image
compression that has me stumped. I am told by some that
there is no means of telling the Gyroview not to compress
the images.
I use compress in the sense that includes packing four 12
bit words into three 16 bit big-endian words, which appears
to be part of the scheme in use. Unfortunately, some form
of perimeter encoding is also in use, and I just can't
figure it out :( Some people have had more luck using "the
export utility of the Gyroview" to produce just 12 bit
packed images without the perimeter encoding. I don't know
whether this is a standard feature of the workstation or
not. Others have suggested looking in the
"/isg/3dmr/DataRoot/tscript/" directory for hints.
Despite prolonged exchanges of email it seems that the
formal decision is not to release the format. Customers
may contact ISG at ha...@isgtec.com(Harry Visser) to bitch
about this and then give up and ask for information on how
to obtain a software package called the External
Developers Tool which contains a tool called xdimage which
can only be used on ISG's proprietary hardware. This is
free to customers. It does however only export to (and
import from) a flat file format and ascii description, not
an ACR/NEMA style file with uncompressed pixel data :(.
I would still prefer to know the format, as people keep
asking (these machines were pretty popular I gather), and
if anyone has any hints about the data format, I would
appreciate them. Here follows part of a reply to one of
these people when I made an unsuccesful attempt to figure
this out:
Firstly, I presume this file is generated by a Philips
Gyroview workstation judging by ...
(0008,0070) LO Manufacturer VR=<LO> VL=<8> <GYROVIEW>
The file says it is an MRI image ...
(0008,0060) CS Modality VR=<CS> VL=<2> <MR>
and yet it is missing many of the mri attributes normally
present. Also it includes some CT specific attributes,
notably ...
(0018,1120) DS GantryDetectorTilt VR=<DS> VL=<2> < 0>
which is pretty weird. I presume that this format is
generated by something purely for the purposes of 3D
reconstruction and only the attributes needed for that
have been preserved.
The image appears to be 512*512 ...
(0028,0010) US Rows VR=<US> VL=<2> [200] (0028,0011) US Columns VR=<US> VL=<2>
[200]
As far as the compression format is concerned ...
(0028,0060) CS CompressionCode VR=<CS> VL=<2> < 2>
is not in itself a valid ACR/NEMA value, and hence some
proprietary variation is in use. The most important clue
is ...
(0028,0040) CS ImageFormat VR=<CS> VL=<4> <CIRC>
which is also not valid ACR/NEMA (only RECT is permitted).
From this I conclude that some sort of 'circular'
perimeter encoding scheme is in use that only sends the
meaningful central pixels in each row and leaves out the
background. This is substantiated by the fact that the
image pixel data seems to be preceded by a table of 257
long words in ascending order, each value separated by
relatively low values (80-100 or so). I suspect that
these are pointers into the data to the start of each
row...
% od -x I011_1_001 +1404 | more 0001404 0000 0202 0000 0252 0000 02a2 0000 02f2
0001424 0000 0342 0000 0392 0000 03e2 0000 0432 0001444 0000 0482 0000 04d2 0000
0522 0000 0572 0001464 0000 05c2 0000 0612 0000 0662 0000 06b3 0001504 0000 0705
0000 0757 0000 07ab 0000 0800 0001524 0000 0857 0000 08ae 0000 0905 0000 095e
..
[0000] 000514 -> 000514 [0001] 000594 -> 000080 [0002] 000674 -> 000080 [0003]
000754 -> 000080 [0004] 000834 -> 000080 [0005] 000914 -> 000080
...
[0155] 015322 -> 000103 [0156] 015425 -> 000103 [0157] 015527 -> 000102 [0158]
015629 -> 000102
...
[0254] 024484 -> 000080 [0255] 024564 -> 000080 [0256] 024564 -> 000000
The first of these values seems to be a pointer in two
byte word units past the table, the entries for a series
of rows, then a final "257th" value that is the same as
the preceding with a difference of zero, possibly flagging
the end of the table.
What confuses me is the fact that there are 256 or so
entries rather than 512 (number of rows), and that the
difference values are relatively small for 512 columns.
Perhaps each entry applies to two successive rows though
this seems rather peculiar.
Furthermore, if it is true that the units are two byte
words, then the last pointer value is much lower than the
number of remaining bytes in the image pixel data
attribute, so what are all the other bytes for ?
The other thing that is going to make extraction difficult
is the fact that the data are supposed to be 12 bits
packed into 16 bit words ...
(0028,0100) US BitsAllocated VR=<US> VL=<2> [c] (0028,0101) US BitsStored
VR=<US> VL=<2> [c] (0028,0102) US HighBit VR=<US> VL=<2> [b]
Hence 3 two byte words are used to store 4 12 bit pixels.
It may not be easy to figure out in what order this
packing is performed. The ACR/NEMA standard has an
example of its intent in this case, but the byte order was
never specified for this standard, which had a 16 bit
hardware data path and was not originally intended for
offline data storage in bytes, so there are a number of
possible permutations to deal with :(
Finally I don't know what to make of the "private" tags
...
Unrecognized (0029,0010) VR=<LT> VL=<a> <ISG shadow> Unrecognized (0029,1070)
VR=<LT> VL=<6> < 49128> Unrecognized (0029,1080) VR=<LT> VL=<6> <123432>
Unrecognized (0029,1090) VR=<LT> VL=<2> < 0>
which presumably have some significance or they wouldn't
be there !
3.4.1 GE Workstations
3.4.2.1 GE Advantage Windows
The GE Advantage Windows workstation uses the same header
layout as the Genesis CT and MR systems. One very
important proviso though is that the same C header file to
describe the layout was compiled on the sparc (sun4)
rather than Genesis (sun3) architecture, and hence, unlike
the Genesis files, 32 bit integers (include dates and
times) and 32 bit floats are aligned on 4 byte boundaries
and 64 bit floats are aligned on 8 bit boundaries. In
other words the sequence of fields is the same but the
offsets are different. Very annoying. For details see
the GE MR Signa 5.x - Genesis description. For details of
the sun data types, see Sun.
The order of the headers is the same as on the archives
(DAT, WORM or OD), ie. not the same as the ximg layout.
Furthermore, the lengths are slightly different from
Genesis, due to the word alignement business, and also
different for CT as opposed to MR (different length of the
image header), so finding the file header (pixel data
header) can be a bit of a chore. The offsets from the
start of the file for each are as follows:
For CT:
0 Suite header
116 Exam header
1156 Series header 2184 Image header 3240 File (Pixel
Data) header
For MR:
0 Suite header
116 Exam header
1156 Series header 2184 Image header 3228 File (Pixel
Data) header
Identifying the files is a nuisance because the "IMGF"
string doesn't appear until offset 3240 dec for the CT and
offset 3228 dec for the MR, unlike the Genesis ximg form.
Also, even though the headers are in the "archive" order,
the 4 byte pixel data length field that is prepended to
the image pixel data itself in the archives, is NOT
present on Advantage Windows, just as it is absent from
Genesis ximg files. In other words you do not have to add
4 to the file header length field to find the start of the
pixel data. Obviously you do have to add the offset of
the file header itself though ! Don't forget to add this
to the offset of the unpack tables also. The pixel data
itself is compressed the same way as Genesis.
It is recommended that you use the readily available
Genesis documentation if trying to extract information
from the headers, or use the "ximg -h" command on a
Genesis system to generate a C header. For the truly
masochistic, or desperately impatient, here is a summary
of the some of the fields for Advantage Windows as were
described for Genesis CT and MR, with the corrections for
word alignment applied:
exam header:
0 - char[4] - suite ID 8 - u_short - exam number 88 - char[13] -
patient ID 101 - char[25] - patient name 126 - short - patient
age 130 - short - patient sex 309 - char[3] - exam type - "MR"
or "CT"
series header:
10 - short - series number 84 - char[3] - anatomical reference
92 - char[25] - scan protocol name
image header - common to CT and MR:
12 - short - image number 28 - float - slice thickness mm 32 -
short - matrix size - X 34 - short - matrix size - Y 36 - float
- display field of view - X (mm) 40 - float - display field of
view - Y (mm) 44 - float - image dimension - X 48 - float -
image dimension - Y 52 - float - pixel size - X 56 - float -
pixel size - Y 60 - char[14] - pixel data ID 74 - char[17] - iv
contrast agent 91 - char[17] - oral contrast agent
132 - float - image location 136 - float - image centre R mm
(ie. X +ve to right) 140 - float - image centre A mm (ie. Y
+ve to anterior) 144 - float - image centre S mm (ie. Z +ve to
superior) 160 - float - image TLHC R mm (ie. X +ve to right)
164 - float - image TLHC A mm (ie. Y +ve to anterior) 168 -
float - image TLHC S mm (ie. Z +ve to superior) 172 - float -
image TRHC R mm (ie. X +ve to right) 176 - float - image TRHC A
mm (ie. Y +ve to anterior) 180 - float - image TRHC S mm (ie.
Z +ve to superior) 184 - float - image BRHC R mm (ie. X +ve to
right) 188 - float - image BRHC A mm (ie. Y +ve to anterior)
192 - float - image BRHC S mm (ie. Z +ve to superior)
image header - for MR (1044 bytes long):
200 - int - repetition time(usec) 204 - int - inversion
time(usec) 208 - int - echo time(usec) 216 - short - number of
echoes 218 - short - echo number 224 - float - NEX 320 -
char[33] - pulse sequence name 376 - char[17] - coil name 660 -
short - ETL for FSE
image header - for CT (1056 bytes long):
200 - float - table start Location 204 - float - table end
Location 208 - float - table speed (mm/sec) 212 - float - table
height 232 - float - gantry tilt (degrees)
3.5 Other Proprietary Formats
3.5.1 Analyze From Mayo
This very popular software package is produced by the Biomedical
Imaging Resource group at the Mayo Clinic/Foundation. I have
always thought they should give it away but they don't, it is
moderately expensive, though less so than some other alternatives.
If you want to test or buy it try contacting Denny Hanson
d...@mayo.edu who is extremely helpful. See also the web site at
ANALYZE from Mayo.
Anyway, importing images into Analyze is a drag and you have to
convert your files to their format, but it isn't very difficult.
I hear that some other programs also use their format but haven't
encountered them myself. Anyway, the package is sufficiently
commonly used that it seems appropriate to include the format
here.
This information is included verbatim from what was sent to me by
Ellis Workman e...@mayo.edu and if you have problems I am sure he
will be able to help. I haven't tested it because I can't afford
to buy a copy myself :( That's a hint, Denny.
ANALYZE IMAGE FILE FORMAT
ANALYZE image file sets consist of at least 2 files:
- an image file - a header file - a color lookup file * optional
For the Analyze image file set "foo" there are two files:
foo.img & foo.hdr (optionally foo.lkup)
The ANALYZE programs refer to this file set as a single entity.
The Image File (foo.img)
The format of the image file is very simple; containging usually uncompressed
voxel data for the images in one of the several possible voxel formats:
- 1 bit packed binary (slices begin on byte boundaries) - 8 bit
(unsigned char) gray scale unless .lkup file present - 16 bit signed
short - 32 bit signed integers or float - 24 bit RGB, 8 bits per channel
The header file is a 'C' structure which describes the dimensions and properties
of the voxel data. This structure follows:
/*
* * (c) Copyright, 1986-1995 * Biomedical Imaging Resource * Mayo Foundation *
* dbh.h * * * database sub-definitions */
struct header_key /* header_key */
{ /* off + size*/
int sizeof_hdr; /* 0 + 4 */ char data_type[10]; /* 4 + 10 */ char
db_name[18]; /* 14 + 18 */ int extents; /* 32 + 4 */ short int
session_error; /* 36 + 2 */ char regular; /* 38 + 1 */ char hkey_un0; /*
39 + 1 */
}; /* total=40 */
struct image_dimension /* image_dimension */
{ /* off + size*/
short int dim[8]; /* 0 + 16 */ char vox_units[4]; /* 16 + 4 */ char
cal_units[8]; /* 20 + 4 */ short int unused1; /* 24 + 2 */ short int
datatype; /* 30 + 2 */ short int bitpix; /* 32 + 2 */ short int dim_un0;
/* 34 + 2 */ float pixdim[8]; /* 36 + 32 */
/*
pixdim[] specifies the voxel dimensions:
pixdim[1] - voxel width pixdim[2] - voxel height
pixdim[3] - interslice distance
..etc
*/
float vox_offset; /* 68 + 4 */ float roi_scale; /* 72 + 4 */ float
funused1; /* 76 + 4 */ float funused2; /* 80 + 4 */ float cal_max; /* 84
+ 4 */ float cal_min; /* 88 + 4 */ int compressed; /* 92 + 4 */ int
verified; /* 96 + 4 */ int glmax, glmin; /* 100 + 8 */
}; /* total=108 */
struct data_history /* data_history */
{ /* off + size*/
char descrip[80]; /* 0 + 80 */ char aux_file[24]; /* 80 + 24 */ char
orient; /* 104 + 1 */ char originator[10]; /* 105 + 10 */ char
generated[10]; /* 115 + 10 */ char scannum[10]; /* 125 + 10 */ char
patient_id[10]; /* 135 + 10 */ char exp_date[10]; /* 145 + 10 */ char
exp_time[10]; /* 155 + 10 */ char hist_un0[3]; /* 165 + 3 */ int views;
/* 168 + 4 */ int vols_added; /* 172 + 4 */ int start_field; /* 176 + 4
*/ int field_skip; /* 180 + 4 */ int omax,omin; /* 184 + 8 */ int
smax,smin; /* 192 + 8 */
}; /* total=200 */
struct dsr /* dsr */
{ /* off + size*/
struct header_key hk; /* 0 + 40 */ struct image_dimension dime; /* 40 +
108 */ struct data_history hist; /* 148 + 200 */
}; /* total=348 */
Comments:
struct header_key
int sizeof_header /* must indicate size of header file */ int
extants; /* should be 16384 */ char regular; /* 'r' */
struct image_dimension struct decribes the organization and side of
images. These elements enable IO routines to reference images by volume
and slice number.
short int dim[] /* array of image dimensions */
dim[0] /* number of dimensions; usually 4 */ dim[1] /*
image width */ dim[2] /* image height */ dim[3] /*
volume depth */ dim[4] /* volumes in file */
char vox_units[4] /* labels voxerl spatial unit */ char
cal_units[4] /* labels voxel calibration unit */ short int
datatype /* Acceptable values are */
#define DT_NONE 0 #define DT_UNKNOWN 0 #define DT_BINARY 1 #define
DT_UNSIGNED_CHAR 2 #define DT_SIGNED_SHORT 4 #define DT_SIGNED_INT 8 #define
DT_FLOAT 16 #define DT_COMPLEX 32 #define DT_DOUBLE 64 #define DT_RGB 128
#define DT_ALL 255
short int bitpix /* bits per pixel */ float pixdim[] /* parallel
array to dim giving voxel dimensions
in each dimension */
pixdim[1] /* voxel width */ pixdim[2] /* voxel height
*/ pixdim[3] /* voxel depth or slice thickness */
float vox_offset; /* byte offset in the .img file at which
voxels start. If value is negative
specifies that the absolute value is
applied for every image in the file. */
float calibrated Max & Min /* specify range of calibration
values */ int glmax, glmin /* the max and min values for entire
data set */
The data_history substructure is not required, but the 'orient' element is used
to indicate individual slice orientation and determines whether the ANALYZE
'Movie' program will attempt to flip the images before displaying a movie
sequence.
orient:
0 - transverse unflipped 1 - coronal unflipped 2 -
sagittal unflipped 3 - transverse flipped 4 - coronal
flipped 5 - sagittal flipped
The following 'C' program creates an Analyze .hdr file.
/*
* (c) Copyright, 1986-1994 * Biomedical Imaging Resource * Mayo Foundation * *
*/
#include #include "dbh.h"
main(argc,argv) /* file x y z t datatype max min */ int argc; char **argv; {
int i; struct dsr hdr; FILE *fp; static char DataTypes[9][12] = {"UNKNOWN",
"BINARY", "CHAR", "SHORT", "INT",
"FLOAT", "COMPLEX", "DOUBLE", "RGB"};
static int DataTypeSizes[9] = {0,1,8,16,32,32,64,64,24};
if(argc != 9) {
usage(); exit(0);
} memset(&hdr,0, sizeof(struct dsr)); for(i=0;i<8;i++)
hdr.dime.pixdim[i]=0.0;
hdr.dime.vox_offset = 0.0; hdr.dime.roi_scale = 1.0; hdr.dime.funused1 =
0.0; hdr.dime.funused2 = 0.0; hdr.dime.cal_max = 0.0; hdr.dime.cal_min =
0.0;
hdr.dime.datatype = -1;
for(i=1;i<=8;i++)
if(!strcmp(argv[6],DataTypes[i])) {
hdr.dime.datatype = (1<<(i-1)); hdr.dime.bitpix =
DataTypeSizes[i]; break;
}
if(hdr.dime.datatype <= 0) {
printf(" is an unacceptable datatype \n\n", argv[6]); usage(); exit(0);
}
if((fp=fopen(argv[1],"w"))==0) {
printf("unable to create: %s\n",argv[1]); exit(0);
}
hdr.dime.dim[0] = 4; /* all Analyze images are taken as 4 dimensional */
hdr.hk.regular = 'r'; hdr.hk.sizeof_hdr = sizeof(struct dsr);
hdr.dime.dim[1] = atoi(argv[2]); /* slice width in pixels */ hdr.dime.dim[2]
= atoi(argv[3]); /* slice height in pixels */ hdr.dime.dim[3] =
atoi(argv[4]); /* volume depth in slices */ hdr.dime.dim[4] = atoi(argv[5]);
/* number of volumes per file */
hdr.dime.glmax = atoi(argv[7]); /* maximum voxel value */ hdr.dime.glmin =
atoi(argv[8]); /* minimum voxel value */
/* Set the voxel dimension fields:
A value of 0.0 for these fields implies that the value is unknown.
Change these values to what is appropriate for your data or pass
additional command line arguments */
hdr.dime.pixdim[1] = 0.0; /* voxel x dimension */ hdr.dime.pixdim[2] = 0.0;
/* voxel y dimension */ hdr.dime.pixdim[3] = 0.0; /* pixel z dimension,
slice thickness */
/* Assume zero offset in .img file, byte at which pixel
data starts in the image file */
hdr.dime.vox_offset = 0.0;
/* Planar Orientation; */ /* Movie flag OFF: 0 = transverse, 1 = coronal, 2 =
sagittal
Movie flag ON: 3 = transverse, 4 = coronal, 5 = sagittal */
hdr.hist.orient = 0;
/* up to 3 characters for the voxels units label; i.e.
mm., um., cm. */
strcpy(hdr.dime.vox_units," ");
/* up to 7 characters for the calibration units label; i.e. HU */
strcpy(hdr.dime.cal_units," ");
/* Calibration maximum and minimum values;
values of 0.0 for both fields imply that no calibration max and min
values are used */
hdr.dime.cal_max = 0.0; hdr.dime.cal_min = 0.0;
fwrite(&hdr,sizeof(struct dsr),1,fp); fclose(fp);
}
usage() {
printf("usage: make_hdr name.hdr x y z t datatype max min \n\n"); printf("
name.hdr = the name of the header file\n"); printf(" x = width, y = height, z
= depth, t = number of volumes\n"); printf(" acceptable datatype values are:
BINARY, CHAR, SHORT,\n"); printf(" INT, FLOAT, COMPLEX, DOUBLE, and RGB\n");
printf(" max = maximum voxel value, min = minimum voxel value\n");
}
The following program displays information in an Analyze header file.
#include #include "dbh.h"
void ShowHdr(char *, struct dsr *); void swap_long(unsigned char *); void
swap_short(unsigned char *);
main(argc,argv) int argc; char **argv;
{ struct dsr hdr; int size; double cmax, cmin; FILE *fp;
if((fp=fopen(argv[1],"r"))==NULL)
{
fprintf(stderr,"Can't open:\n", argv[1]); exit(0);
} fread(&hdr,1,sizeof(struct dsr),fp);
if(hdr.dime.dim[0] 15)
swap_hdr(&hdr);
ShowHdr(argv[1], &hdr);
}
void ShowHdr(fileName,hdr) struct dsr *hdr; char *fileName; { int i; char
string[128]; printf("Analyze Header Dump of: \n", fileName); /* Header Key */
printf("sizeof_hdr: \n", hdr->hk.sizeof_hdr); printf("data_type: \n",
hdr->hk.data_type); printf("db_name: \n", hdr->hk.db_name); printf("extents:
\n", hdr->hk.extents); printf("session_error: \n", hdr->hk.session_error);
printf("regular: \n", hdr->hk.regular); printf("hkey_un0: \n",
hdr->hk.hkey_un0);
/* Image Dimension */ for(i=0;i<8;i++)
printf("dim[%d]: \n", i, hdr->dime.dim[i]);
strncpy(string,hdr->dime.vox_units,4); printf("vox_units: \n", string);
strncpy(string,hdr->dime.cal_units,8); printf("cal_units: \n", string);
printf("unused1: \n", hdr->dime.unused1); printf("datatype: \n",
hdr->dime.datatype); printf("bitpix: \n", hdr->dime.bitpix);
for(i=0;i<8;i++)
printf("pixdim[%d]: \n",i, hdr->dime.pixdim[i]);
printf("vox_offset: \n", hdr->dime.vox_offset); printf("funused1: \n",
hdr->dime.funused1); printf("funused2: \n", hdr->dime.funused2);
printf("funused3: \n", hdr->dime.funused3); printf("cal_max: \n",
hdr->dime.cal_max); printf("cal_min: \n", hdr->dime.cal_min);
printf("compressed: \n", hdr->dime.compressed); printf("verified: \n",
hdr->dime.verified); printf("glmax: \n", hdr->dime.glmax); printf("glmin: \n",
hdr->dime.glmin);
/* Data History */ strncpy(string,hdr->hist.descrip,80); printf("descrip: \n",
string); strncpy(string,hdr->hist.aux_file,24); printf("aux_file: \n", string);
printf("orient: \n", hdr->hist.orient);
strncpy(string,hdr->hist.originator,10); printf("originator: \n", string);
strncpy(string,hdr->hist.generated,10); printf("generated: \n", string);
strncpy(string,hdr->hist.scannum,10); printf("scannum: \n", string);
strncpy(string,hdr->hist.patient_id,10); printf("patient_id: \n", string);
strncpy(string,hdr->hist.exp_date,10); printf("exp_date: \n", string);
strncpy(string,hdr->hist.exp_time,10); printf("exp_time: \n", string);
strncpy(string,hdr->hist.hist_un0,10); printf("hist_un0: \n", string);
printf("views: \n", hdr->hist.views); printf("vols_added: \n",
hdr->hist.vols_added); printf("start_field: \n", hdr->hist.start_field);
printf("field_skip: \n", hdr->hist.field_skip); printf("omax: \n",
hdr->hist.omax); printf("omin: \n", hdr->hist.omin); printf("smin: \n",
hdr->hist.smax); printf("smin: \n", hdr->hist.smin);
}
swap_hdr(pntr) struct dsr *pntr;
{ swap_long(&pntr->hk.sizeof_hdr) ; swap_long(&pntr->hk.extents) ;
swap_short(&pntr->hk.session_error) ; swap_short(&pntr->dime.dim[0]) ;
swap_short(&pntr->dime.dim[1]) ; swap_short(&pntr->dime.dim[2]) ;
swap_short(&pntr->dime.dim[3]) ; swap_short(&pntr->dime.dim[4]) ;
swap_short(&pntr->dime.dim[5]) ; swap_short(&pntr->dime.dim[6]) ;
swap_short(&pntr->dime.dim[7]) ; swap_short(&pntr->dime.unused1) ;
swap_short(&pntr->dime.datatype) ; swap_short(&pntr->dime.bitpix) ;
swap_long(&pntr->dime.pixdim[0]) ; swap_long(&pntr->dime.pixdim[1]) ;
swap_long(&pntr->dime.pixdim[2]) ; swap_long(&pntr->dime.pixdim[3]) ;
swap_long(&pntr->dime.pixdim[4]) ; swap_long(&pntr->dime.pixdim[5]) ;
swap_long(&pntr->dime.pixdim[6]) ; swap_long(&pntr->dime.pixdim[7]) ;
swap_long(&pntr->dime.vox_offset) ; swap_long(&pntr->dime.funused1) ;
swap_long(&pntr->dime.funused2) ; swap_long(&pntr->dime.cal_max) ;
swap_long(&pntr->dime.cal_min) ; swap_long(&pntr->dime.compressed) ;
swap_long(&pntr->dime.verified) ; swap_short(&pntr->dime.dim_un0) ;
swap_long(&pntr->dime.glmax) ; swap_long(&pntr->dime.glmin) ; }
swap_long(pntr) unsigned char *pntr;
{ unsigned char b0, b1, b2, b3;
b0 = *pntr; b1 = *(pntr+1); b2 = *(pntr+2); b3 = *(pntr+3);
*pntr = b3; *(pntr+1) = b2; *(pntr+2) = b1; *(pntr+3) = b0; }
swap_short(pntr) unsigned char *pntr;
{ unsigned char b0, b1;
b0 = *pntr; b1 = *(pntr+1);
*pntr = b1; *(pntr+1) = b0; }
The next part is part6 - hosts & compression.