In article <86d6bm...@xh6.cc.hokudai.ac.jp>
Hiroki Kashiwazaki <r...@cc.hokudai.ac.jp> writes:
> æåŽïŒ åæµ·éã§ãã
> ã§ãCPUã2ã€åæã«å©çšããããã°ã©ã ãæžããŠèšç®æéãççž®ããããšã
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> æ§ã®ææ³ã§ã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ããŠã³ã³ãã€ã«ãããš 2CPU ã䜿ããã€ããªãçæ
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MPI ããã¯ãPOSIX Threads (Pthreads) ã䜿ãæ¹ããã§ããã«ãŒ
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----------------------------------------------------------------------
From r...@cc.hokudai.ac.jp Sun Nov 23 01:37:51 2003
From: Hiroki Kashiwazaki <r...@cc.hokudai.ac.jp>
Newsgroups: fj.comp.misc
Subject: [Q] programming on smp
Date: Fri, 21 Nov 2003 09:00:53 +0900
Message-ID: <86d6bm...@xh6.cc.hokudai.ac.jp>
æåŽïŒ åæµ·éã§ãã
# æ å ±ç³»ãšããŠã¯éåžžã«é¿åãªè³ªåãããäºããèš±ãäžããã
ä»ãŸã§ 1CPU ãã·ã³ã§ããã°ã©ã ãæžããŠããŸããããä»å¹Žã®æ¥ã« 2CPU ã®
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æ§ã®ææ³ã§ã³ãŒãã£ã³ã°ããŠã³ã³ãã€ã«ãããš 2CPU ã䜿ããã€ããªãçæ
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å®éã«è©ŠããŠã¿ãã®ãäžçªãšããæ°ãããâŠã
--
æåŽ ç€Œç (Hiroki Kashiwazaki)@HUIIC
Ph.D candidate in the Division of Electronics & Information
Engineering, Hokkaido University
mailto:r...@cc.hokudai.ac.jp
Tel:+81-11-706-2998
At 22 Nov 2003 16:37:15 GMT,
Yasushi Shinjo wrote:
> MPI ããã¯ãPOSIX Threads (Pthreads) ã䜿ãæ¹ããã§ããã«ãŒ
> ãéã§äŸåé¢ä¿ããããªããããªã¢åæã䜿ããã¿ã¹ã¯ããã°ãã
> ãã§ããããïŒïŒ£ïŒ°ïŒµã§ãããã©ã³ã¹ãå®å
šã«åãããšã¯éããªã
> ã®ã§ãåé¡ãïŒïŒåãããã«åå²ããã®ãããããšæããŸãã
ããã§ãµãšçåã«æã£ãã®ã§ãããäŸãã° SGI Onyx ã®ããã«ã1ããŒã
4CPUã§ã16çšåºŠã®ããŒãã§æ§æãããŠããèšç®æ©ããããŸãããã
ãããã£ãè€æ°ããŒãã§æ§æãããèšç®æ©çŸ€ã«ããäžã€ã®ã·ã¹ãã ãæ§æ
ãããŠããèšç®æ©ã«ãããŠãè€æ°ããŒãããŸããã§åŠçãè¡ãªãããã®ã
MPI ã§ãããšç解ããŠããã®ã§ããããã®ãããªèšç®æ©ã·ã¹ãã ã§äžã€ã®
ããŒãã®å
šãŠã® CPUãå¹çè¯ã䜿ãããã€å
šãŠã®ããŒããå¹çè¯ã䜿ãã
ãšãããªãã°ãpthreads ãš MPI ã®åæ¹ãåæã«çšããããšããäºã«ãªã
ã®ã§ããããã
In article <86n0ak...@xh6.cc.hokudai.ac.jp>
r...@cc.hokudai.ac.jp writes:
| ããã§ãµãšçåã«æã£ãã®ã§ãããäŸãã° SGI Onyx ã®ããã«ã1ããŒã
| 4CPUã§ã16çšåºŠã®ããŒãã§æ§æãããŠããèšç®æ©ããããŸãããã
| MPI ã§ãããšç解ããŠããã®ã§ããããã®ãããªèšç®æ©ã·ã¹ãã ã§äžã€ã®
| ããŒãã®å
šãŠã® CPUãå¹çè¯ã䜿ãããã€å
šãŠã®ããŒããå¹çè¯ã䜿ãã
| ãšãããªãã°ãpthreads ãš MPI ã®åæ¹ãåæã«çšããããšããäºã«ãªã
| ã®ã§ããããã
æãLAMã§1CPUã«1ããŒããå²ãåœãŠãŠããŸããããªã®ã§ãDualæ©ã«ã¯
2ããŒããåœãŠã¯ããŸããããã®æã¯ã¢ã³ãã«ã«ãã·ãã¥ã¬ãŒã·ã§ã³
ã ã£ãã®ã§ãå
šãŠã®CPUãã»ãŒ100%䜿ãåã£ãŠãŸããã
åé¡ã«ãã£ãŠã¯threadsã䜿ã£ãæ¹ãæ©ãçã
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ãäžå³ æµ©äº (ãªãã ããã) æå¹åž è±å¹³åº
ko...@nakau.net http://nakau.net/~koji/
---------------------------------------------
In article <86n0ak...@xh6.cc.hokudai.ac.jp>
Hiroki Kashiwazaki <r...@cc.hokudai.ac.jp> writes:
> ããã§ãµãšçåã«æã£ãã®ã§ãããäŸãã° SGI Onyx ã®ããã«ã1ããŒã
> 4CPUã§ã16çšåºŠã®ããŒãã§æ§æãããŠããèšç®æ©ããããŸãããã
>
> ãããã£ãè€æ°ããŒãã§æ§æãããèšç®æ©çŸ€ã«ããäžã€ã®ã·ã¹ãã ãæ§æ
> ãããŠããèšç®æ©ã«ãããŠãè€æ°ããŒãããŸããã§åŠçãè¡ãªãããã®ã
> MPI ã§ãããšç解ããŠããã®ã§ããããã®ãããªèšç®æ©ã·ã¹ãã ã§äžã€ã®
> ããŒãã®å
šãŠã® CPUãå¹çè¯ã䜿ãããã€å
šãŠã®ããŒããå¹çè¯ã䜿ãã
> ãšãããªãã°ãpthreads ãš MPI ã®åæ¹ãåæã«çšããããšããäºã«ãªã
> ã®ã§ããããã
Pthreads ãš MPI ãæ··ããã®ã¯ãã©ãããªãã
MPI ã¯ãã©ã®ãããé 匵ã£ãŠå®è£
ããŠãããã§æ§èœãå€ã(MPI ã§
ã¯ã€ã³ã¿ãã§ãŒã¹ããèŠå®ããŠããªã)ãšããæ§è³ªããããŸããäž
æãªå®è£
ã§ãäžæãªäœ¿ãæ¹ããããšãCPU ãå¢ããã°å¢ããçšé
ã
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ãã®ç¹ãæè¿ã®ãŸãšã㪠SMP (ãŸãšãã§ãªããã®ã¯ã®ãã)ã¯ãã¹
ã¬ããã§ããã°ã©ã ãæžããšããã£ãã CPU ã®æ°ã§æ§èœãäžãã
ããã°ã©ã ã¯æžããããã§ããSMP ã ãããçžæã«ããªããªããã¹
ã¬ããã®æ¹ãç°¡åã§ãã
In article <0311252228...@cond.cond.nenp.hokudai.ac.jp>
"NAKAU Koji" <koji...@nakau.net> writes:
> åé¡ã«ãã£ãŠã¯threadsã䜿ã£ãæ¹ãæ©ãçã
ãããšæããŸããã
> æéãèãããšãã©ããªãã§ããããã
æ··ããæéã§ããããæ··ããã®ã¯ãç§ãã©ãããšæããŸãããã¹ã¬ã
ãã®ããã°ã©ã ãš MPI ã®ããã°ã©ã ã§ã¯ãã¹ã¬ããã®æ¹ãæéã
å°ãªããšæããã ãã©ãããã¯èæ¯ã«ããã®ããªããäžå¿ãSMP ã®
ãŠãªã¯ãããã°ã©ãã³ã°ãç°¡åãšããããšã«ã¯ããªã£ãŠãããã ã
ã©ããã®æã¯ã
In article <YAS.03No...@kirk.is.tsukuba.ac.jp>
y...@is.tsukuba.ac.jp writes:
># æ
å ±ç³»ãšããŠã¯éåžžã«é¿åãªè³ªåãããäºããèš±ãäžããã
"S"MPãªããæ°åããã®èšãããã«ã¹ã¬ããã§åŠçãããè¯ãã§ãããã§
æžãã§é¿åãªè³ªåãªã®ã§ããããããã
In article <86n0ak...@xh6.cc.hokudai.ac.jp>
r...@cc.hokudai.ac.jp writes:
>ããã§ãµãšçåã«æã£ãã®ã§ãããäŸãã° SGI Onyx ã®ããã«ã1ããŒã
>4CPUã§ã16çšåºŠã®ããŒãã§æ§æãããŠããèšç®æ©ããããŸãããã
ãã®ãããª"S"MPã§ãªãMPãã·ã³ãšãªããšãé端ã«è©±ãé£ãããªããŸãã
å®åšããããããžã ãã§ããnCUBE,Hyper-Tree,ããŒã©ã¹âŠã
ãã©ã³ã¹ãã¥ãŒã¿ãªããã¯å€§æµãïŒæ¬¡å
æ Œåã§ãããã
In article <YAS.03No...@kirk.is.tsukuba.ac.jp>
y...@is.tsukuba.ac.jp writes:
>Pthreads ãš MPI ãæ··ããã®ã¯ãã©ãããªãã
fj.comp.databasesã«ã¿ã€ã ãªã«æãã£ãŠãããã©ã³ã¶ã¯ã·ã§ã³ã®è©±é¡
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threadã«äœããã®æ¡åŒµãæœããŠããŸãããã
--
äžæåå¿ïŒ ç¥æž <mailto:k...@kobe1995.net>
NAKAMURA Kazushi@KOBE <http://kobe1995.net/>
- Break the hate chain. No more kill!
administrator@127.1
In article <0311290312...@ns.kobe1995.net>
k...@kobe1995.net (NAKAMURA Kazushi) writes:
> ãšããã§ã"p"threadã£ãŠäœ¿ãã«ãããªãã§ããïŒã»ãã³ãã£ãã¯ã¹ã
> çŽ çŽãªçºæ³ã§æ§ç¯ãããŠãããšæãã®ã ãããã䜿ã£ãŠã¿ããšäœã ã
> 䜿ãã«ããããšãå€ããçµå±ãSolarisã«ãããLinuxã«ãããPOSIX
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In article <YAS.03No...@kirk.is.tsukuba.ac.jp>
y...@is.tsukuba.ac.jp writes:
>> ãšããã§ã"p"threadã£ãŠäœ¿ãã«ãããªãã§ããïŒã»ãã³ãã£ãã¯ã¹ã
>> çŽ çŽãªçºæ³ã§æ§ç¯ãããŠãããšæãã®ã ãããã䜿ã£ãŠã¿ããšäœã ã
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In article <0312040218...@ns.kobe1995.net>
k...@kobe1995.net (NAKAMURA Kazushi) writes:
> äžæåå¿ïŒ ç¥æžã§ãããã£ã¡ã¯æãæ²ãã§ããã«æé²(M1)ã®æ®åœ±äžã
> ãã®ãã¡ã¿ã¬ãã«ãã®ããã°ã©ã ãæžãé£ãããšããè¡šçŸããªããšãªã
> ãã³ãšæ¥ãŸããlibXtã䜿ã£ãŠGUIã¢ããªãäœããåŠããäœã¬ãã«ã®
> 现ããããšãŸã§ãŽãªãŽãªçµãã§ãããªããšãããªããŠç²ããããã®å²ã«
> çãæã«æãå±ããªããŠãSolarisãLinuxã®ç¬èªæ¡åŒµãä»æ§å€æŽã«
> é ŒããããåŸãªãå±é¢ã«ééããã¡ãšã
ç¬èªä»æ§ããç¬èªæ¡åŒµ(_NP(non-portable)ãã€ããŠãã)ã人æ°ã
åºããšæšæºã«ãªããŸããrecursive mutex ãšããflockfile() ã¯ã
æåãã recursive ã ã£ããã ãã©ã
recursive mutex ã£ãŠãããŸãäœããšãããªã«éãã¯ãªãã§ãã
self ã䜿ããšããã§ãã
ããã§ãã©ããªå ·äœçãªç¬èªæ©èœ(Solaris,Linux)ã䜿ããŸãããïŒ
> æ°åããã®ã¹ã¬ããã©ã€ãã©ãªã®æç®ã®ãããæããŠããããŸããïŒ
> ãã€ã³ã¿ã ãã§æ§ããªãã®ã§ã以åãèŠããããªæ°ãããã®ã§ããã
> ãã®æã¯äœã泚ç®ããŠãªããŠããèŠãªãã£ããã©ãä»ããèŠãŠãæ¥ã«
> ãšãŠãèŠãããªããŸããã
ã©ããããããšãããããŸããã¡ã¿ã¬ãã«ã«æ£é¢ããåãçµãã ã®
ã¯ãããã§ãã
[] Y.Shinjo and Y.Kiyoki: "A lightweight process facility
supporting meta-level programming", Parallel Computing,
Vol.22, No.11, pp.1429-1454 (1997).
ã¹ã¬ããã«ãšã£ãŠã¡ã¿ã¯ãCPUãããã§ãCPU ã¬ãã«ã®å€æ°ã䜿ã
ããšãããšããã®ãåºæ¬çãªè©±ã§ããããšãã¹ã±ãžã¥ãŒã©ãªã©ã®ã¡
ã¿ã¬ãã«ã®ããã°ã©ã ãå
šéšããããã¯ãéšåçã«åãæ¿ãããã
ãšããã¹ã¬ããéã®åæããªããã£ããç°¡åã«æžããããã«ãããš
ããå¥ã®èŠç¹ã§ã¯ã次ã®è«æã«ãåºãŠããŸãã
[] æ°å, æž
æš: "䞊åããã°ã©ã ã察象ãšãã軜éããã»ã¹ã®å®çŸ
æ¹åŒ",æ
å ±åŠçåŠäŒè«æèª, Vol.33, No.1, pp.64-73 (1992).
[] æ°å, æž
æš: "ä»®æ³ããã»ããµãæäŸãããªãã¬ãŒãã£ã³ã°ã»ã·
ã¹ãã ã»ã«ãŒãã«ã®æ§ææ³", æ
å ±åŠçåŠäŒè«æèª, Vol.34, No.3,
pp.478-488 (1993).
> ããããœãŒã¹ãèŠãŠå€æããããã§ã¯ãªãã§ããGNU-0.0ã䜿ã£ãæã«
> ããã¥ã¡ã³ãã«ã䞊ååäœãããããããã¯ã䞊ååäœããããã«ã
> GNUã«æãå ããæã¯æ³šæããŠããã¿ãããªããšãæžããŠãã£ãèªãã
> ãã®ã§ã
åã«ã©ã€ãã©ãªé¢æ°ã MT-Safe (Multithread-Safe) ãšããããšã§
ã¯ãªããŠãïŒã€ã®ã©ã€ãã©ãªé¢æ°ã®å
éšã䞊åã«åäœãããšèšãã
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ãã®ãªãæ®éã ãšæããŸããã©ãããšãã°ãfprintf(stdout,...)
ãš fprintf(stderr,...) ãåæã«åããšãã
Pthread ã®å®è£ ã£ãŠããã£ã³ã»ã«(ã¹ã¬ããã殺ã)ãé£ãããã§ãããã
# èå³æ·±ãã¹ã¬ãããèªãŸããŠé ããŠããŸãã
# ãªããªãç解ã§ããªã話ãããã®ã§é£åããŠããŸããâŠã
At Fri, 28 Nov 2003 18:12:01 GMT,
NAKAMURA Kazushi wrote:
> >ããã§ãµãšçåã«æã£ãã®ã§ãããäŸãã° SGI Onyx ã®ããã«ã1ããŒã
> >4CPUã§ã16çšåºŠã®ããŒãã§æ§æãããŠããèšç®æ©ããããŸãããã
>
> ãã®ãããª"S"MPã§ãªãMPãã·ã³ãšãªããšãé端ã«è©±ãé£ãããªããŸãã
> å®åšããããããžã ãã§ããnCUBE,Hyper-Tree,ããŒã©ã¹âŠã
> ãã©ã³ã¹ãã¥ãŒã¿ãªããã¯å€§æµãïŒæ¬¡å
æ Œåã§ãããã
çµå±ãæ°CPU/1ããŒããæ°åããŒããšããããã·ã³ã®å Žåããã® CPUã
è€æ°äœ¿ã£ãèšç®ãè¡ãªãããšãããªãã
(1) 1CPUã䜿ãèšç®ããMPIãå©çšããŠè€æ°ããŒãã«ãŸãããããŠå®è¡
(2) 1ããŒãã ã䜿ã£ãŠthreadãå©çšããŠè€æ°ã®CPUè³æºãå©çšã
ãã«ãããã»ã¹ã§èšç®ã§ããããã«ã¢ãã«ãåãåããŠå®è¡ã
(3) å¹çã¯äžãããªããããããªããã©ãthreadãå©çšããèšç®ã
MPIã§è€æ°ããŒãã«ãŸãããããŠå®è¡ã
ã¿ãããªèªèã§è¯ãã®ã§ããããããããšã倧ééã ?
In article <86u14e...@xh6.cc.hokudai.ac.jp>, Hiroki Kashiwazaki <r...@cc.hokudai.ac.jp> writes
> çµå±ãæ°CPU/1ããŒããæ°åããŒããšããããã·ã³ã®å Žåããã® CPUã
> è€æ°äœ¿ã£ãèšç®ãè¡ãªãããšãããªãã
çµæ§ãå°èŠæš¡ãªã®ãã
> (1) 1CPUã䜿ãèšç®ããMPIãå©çšããŠè€æ°ããŒãã«ãŸãããããŠå®è¡
> (2) 1ããŒãã ã䜿ã£ãŠthreadãå©çšããŠè€æ°ã®CPUè³æºãå©çšã
> ãã«ãããã»ã¹ã§èšç®ã§ããããã«ã¢ãã«ãåãåããŠå®è¡ã
ããã¯ããŸããããªãã®ã§ããããã¡ãªã¿ã«ã
Multi Thread ãš Multi Process
ã¯å¥ç©ã§ããMulti Processã§æåããäœã£ãŠãsocket ã§éä¿¡ãã
ã£ãŠã®ãæªããªãã§ãã
> (3) å¹çã¯äžãããªããããããªããã©ãthreadãå©çšããèšç®ã
> MPIã§è€æ°ããŒãã«ãŸãããããŠå®è¡ã
ããã¯æ®éã¯ãªãMPIã®äœ¿ãæ¹ã§ãã
MPIã§ã¯ãªããShared Virtual Memoryãšãåæ£å
±æã¡ã¢ãªãšããã
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æžãããã®ãããèªãããšã¯éããªã (Weak consistency ãšããã)
(ãããªã®èããªããããã°ã©ã æžããã?)
ãšããããããªã¢åæã®éšåã§ãªããšããã
(ããã§ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãæ··ãã®ã¯ææ
¢ãã)
誰ããã§ãåãããã«èªããããã§ã¯ãªã (ãã®ã¡ã¢ãªã¯ã©ãã«ãããšãæå®ãã)
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¥ãã)
(ããã¯ããã¯ã«ãªãã®ã¯èŠããŠã...)
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åã®æèŠãšããŠã¯ãé ååå²ã§ãããããªããããåé¡ã䞊ååã
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---
Shinji KONO @ Information Engineering, University of the Ryukyus,
æ²³éçæ²» @ çç倧åŠå·¥åŠéšæ
å ±å·¥åŠç§,
In article <86u14e...@xh6.cc.hokudai.ac.jp>
Hiroki Kashiwazaki <r...@cc.hokudai.ac.jp> writes:
> æåŽïŒ åæµ·éã§ãã
> # èå³æ·±ãã¹ã¬ãããèªãŸããŠé ããŠããŸãã
> # ãªããªãç解ã§ããªã話ãããã®ã§é£åããŠããŸããâŠã
ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãã¥ãŒã¹ãªã®ã§ãããããæžãããããšãæžããŠãã
ã ããªã®ã§ãèªåã®èŠããèšäºãå¢ããã«ã¯ãèªåã®èªã¿ããèšäº
ãèªåã§æžããšããã®ãçéã§ãã
> çµå±ãæ°CPU/1ããŒããæ°åããŒããšããããã·ã³ã®å Žåããã® CPUã
> è€æ°äœ¿ã£ãèšç®ãè¡ãªãããšãããªãã
ã©ãã MPI ã䜿ããªãããŸãè©Šãã« MPI ã§ãã£ãŠã¿ã(è€æ°CPUã«
ã¯CPUã®æ°ã ãããŒããå²ãåœãŠã)ããšããã®ã§ã©ãã§ããããã
ãã§æ§èœãåºãã°ããããåºãªããã°ãŸãèããã
ããšãOmniRPC ãšããã®ããäžå¿å®£äŒããŠãããªããšãããªãããª
ããé£ã§äœã£ãŠããã®ã§ã
http://www.omni.hpcc.jp/OmniRPC/
ããããOmniRPC ã¯åºæ¬çã«ã¯ãRPC 颚ã®äžŠåå®è¡ïŒãã ãéåæ
ã§ãå®äºåŸ
ã¡ã¯å¥ã«ããïŒãªãã ãã©ãOmni OpenMP ãšãã
OpenMP ã®ã³ã³ãã€ã©ãåŒã¹ãã®ã§ãããOpenMP ã¯ãSMP çšã®ãã®
ã§ããSMP ã®éšåã¯ãOpenMP ã§ããããã¯ãŒã¯ã®éšåã¯ãOmniRPC
ã§ãšçµã¿åããããšãããããããŸããã
http://www.omni.hpcc.jp/OmniRPC/htdocs/parallel.html
In article <3989241...@insigna.ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp>
ko...@ie.u-ryukyu.ac.jp (Shinji KONO) writes:
> æ²³éçæ²» @ çç倧åŠæ
å ±å·¥åŠã§ãã
> ããã¯ããŸããããªãã®ã§ããããã¡ãªã¿ã«ã
> Multi Thread ãš Multi Process
> ã¯å¥ç©ã§ããMulti Processã§æåããäœã£ãŠãsocket ã§éä¿¡ãã
> ã£ãŠã®ãæªããªãã§ãã
ç§ã§ãããããããããæ £ãã®åé¡ããããã
> ãã ãåæ£å
±æã¡ã¢ãªã¯æ®éã«å®è£
ãããšæ§èœãäžãããªãã®ã§ã
> (åœãåïœ) ããããæå³äžæãªå¶éãšãæ©èœãšããä»ããã®ã
> æ®éãªããã§ããäŸãã°ã
åæ£å
±æã¡ã¢ãªã¯ã人æã§ããã°ã©ã ãäœãã®ã¯ãªããªãé£ããã
ãããªãããªããã³ã³ãã€ã©ãããããã³ãŒããåºããŠããããªã
ããããã©ã
> æžãããã®ãããèªãããšã¯éããªã (Weak consistency ãšããã)
> (ãããªã®èããªããããã°ã©ã æžããã?)
> ãšããããããªã¢åæã®éšåã§ãªããšããã
> (ããã§ãããã¯ãŒã¯ãæ··ãã®ã¯ææ
¢ãã)
Java ã® SMP ã®ãã«ãã¹ã¬ããã§ããäžå¿ãsynchronized ããæ
ã ãã¡ã¢ãªã«æžãããŠããããšãä¿èšŒãããšãã話ã«ãªã£ãŠããã
ãããªãããªããèŠæ ŒãšããŠã¯ãå®éã«ã¯ãã£ããããæžãããã
ã ãšã¯æããŸããã©ã