Hi Roby,
I suppose that a sound card is needed.
I used to receive and decode ACARS on both Linux PC, and raspberry.
In my PC I can receive the frequency over RTL-SDR dongle, and/or over a VHF receiver using ALSA(sound card). In my raspberry I cannot use the VHF receiver as I don't have any sound card attached to it.
Hope this helps.
Anyway, take a look at this site.
https://trac.ffmpeg.org/wiki/Capture/ALSA
Kind regards.
@zytorx