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關於稠密性的相關性質
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cplee  
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 More options Sep 23 2008, 12:08 pm
From: cplee <cplee8tc...@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 23 Sep 2008 09:08:52 -0700 (PDT)
Local: Tues, Sep 23 2008 12:08 pm
Subject: 關於稠密性的相關性質
這幾天學生問到一些關於稠密性的問題
整理一下,供大家參考,還請大家幫忙完成相關證明

性質1:試證任意二個相異的有理數之間至少有一個有理數
性質2:試證任意二個相異的有理數之間至少有一個無理數

性質3:試證任二個有理數與無理數之間至少有一個有理數
性質4:試證任二個有理數與無理數之間至少有一個無理數

性質5:試證任意二個相異的無理數之間至少有一個有理數
性質6:試證任意二個相異的無理數之間至少有一個無理數

性質7:試證任意二個相異的實數之間至少有一個有理數
性質8:試證任意二個相異的實數之間至少有一個無理數

性質9:試證任意兩個相異的實數之間至少有一個實數


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cplee  
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 More options Sep 23 2008, 7:57 pm
From: cplee <cplee8tc...@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 23 Sep 2008 16:57:59 -0700 (PDT)
Local: Tues, Sep 23 2008 7:57 pm
Subject: Re: 關於稠密性的相關性質
我先拋磚引玉一下

性質1稱有理數的稠密性
性質6稱無理數的稠密性
性質9稱實數的稠密性

性質1證明:
設a,b為相異有理數,且a<b,
則取 c= (a+b)/2 為有理數,且滿足 a<c<b
故得證

性質2證明:
設a,b為相異有理數,且a<b,
則取 c=  a + (b-a)/(√2) 為無理數,且滿足 a<c<b
故得證

性質7證明:
由性質1與性質3與性質5,得證

性質8證明:
由性質2與性質4與性質6,得證

性質9證明:
設a,b為相異實數,且a<b,
則取 c= (a+b)/2 為實數,且滿足 a<c<b
故得證


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cplee  
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 More options Sep 23 2008, 8:04 pm
From: cplee <cplee8tc...@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 23 Sep 2008 17:04:47 -0700 (PDT)
Local: Tues, Sep 23 2008 8:04 pm
Subject: Re: 關於稠密性的相關性質
性質4證明:
不失ㄧ般性m設a為有理數,b為無理數,且a<b,
則取 c= (a+b)/2 為無理數,且滿足 a<c<b
故得證

性質6證明:
設a,b為相異無理數,且a<b,
則取 c=(2a+b)/3 與 d=(a+2b)/3,且滿足 a<c<d<b
(註:c與d為三等分點)
易證c,d至少有一為無理數(提示:反證法)
故得證


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cplee  
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 More options Sep 23 2008, 11:21 pm
From: cplee <cplee8tc...@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 23 Sep 2008 20:21:22 -0700 (PDT)
Local: Tues, Sep 23 2008 11:21 pm
Subject: Re: 關於稠密性的相關性質
性質3證明:
不失ㄧ般性m設a為有理數,b為無理數,且a<b,
則取 c= a+(1/(1+[1/(b-a)])) 為有理數,且滿足 a<c<b
故得證
註:此處的中括號係指高斯符號.

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cplee  
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 More options Sep 23 2008, 11:41 pm
From: cplee <cplee8tc...@gmail.com>
Date: Tue, 23 Sep 2008 20:41:42 -0700 (PDT)
Local: Tues, Sep 23 2008 11:41 pm
Subject: Re: 關於稠密性的相關性質
阿基米得(Archimedes)性質:
x,y是任意兩個實數,且x>0,則必可找到一個正整數n使得nx>y。

性質5證明:
設a,b為相異無理數,且a<b,
由阿基米得性質,則必可找到一個正整數n使得n>1/(b-a)
得nb-na>1,故nb與na之間必存在一整數m,即na<m<nb
取c= m/n為有理數,且滿足 a<c<b
故得證


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cplee  
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 More options Sep 24 2008, 9:35 am
From: cplee <cplee8tc...@gmail.com>
Date: Wed, 24 Sep 2008 06:35:33 -0700 (PDT)
Local: Wed, Sep 24 2008 9:35 am
Subject: Re: 關於稠密性的相關性質
已將上述結果整理成一個檔案
請參閱本論壇的檔案庫
Denseness.pdf
如有謬誤,尚祈不吝指正,夜謝

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cplee  
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 More options Oct 9 2008, 10:54 am
From: cplee <cplee8tc...@gmail.com>
Date: Thu, 9 Oct 2008 07:54:18 -0700 (PDT)
Local: Thurs, Oct 9 2008 10:54 am
Subject: Re: 關於稠密性的相關性質
更新版本至第二版

請至檔案庫參閱 DensenessV2.pdf

http://groups.google.com/group/tcfshmath/web/DensenessV2.pdf

On 9月24日, 下午9時35分, cplee <cplee8tc...@gmail.com> wrote:


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