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Message from discussion Q: Independent confirmation of K-Ar dating?
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Chris Stassen  
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 More options Mar 19 1998, 3:00 am
Newsgroups: talk.origins
From: occup...@stassen.com (Chris Stassen)
Date: 1998/03/19
Subject: Re: Q: Independent confirmation of K-Ar dating?

[Posted and E-mailed]

markp...@enternet.com.au wrote:
> I'm doing a study of potassium-argon dating, used for dating fossils.

In general, isotopic dating methods don't apply well to sedimentary
formations (which is where most fossils are found).

> A lot of evolution is based on K-Ar dates,

That is not really true.  The succession of fauna, ordering of the
geologic column, and even evolution, were all quite well-established
(mid to late 1800s) long before the technology existed to perform
accurate isotope dating (mid 1900s)...  even before scientists were
aware of radioactivity (circa 1890-1900) or the existence of
isotopes (early 1900s).

> so I woould like to hear of are any independent measures to confirm or
> calibrate or invalidate that method.  For example, what dates do we get
> from known eruptions, such as the one that destroyed Pompeii or
> Saint Pierre? Or the eruptions of Krakatoa, Mount St Helens or Ruapehu,
> or any others in recent history?

See, for example:  Dalrymple, G. Brent, 1969.  "40Ar/36Ar Analyses
of Historic Lava Flows" in _Earth and Planetary Science Letters_
vol. 6, pp. 47-55.  It lists argon assessments for 26 samples from
several sources of known age.  I have a reference to another study
but I have not yet obtained the actual paper, so I can't recommend
it.

> There must be dozens of examples that have precise dates and could
> be used to evalaute K-Ar as a dating method.

Uncertainty in a measured age is a function of uncertainty in the
isotope assessments *and* the half-life of the relevant isotope.
Since K-40 has a fairly long half-life (about a billion years),
it's fairly rare to have age uncertainties less than a few tens
of thousands of years.

Measurements on recent samples indicate that the initial conditions
are usually suitable for accurate long-term K-Ar ages, but in most
cases the uncertainty in the assessment of young ages is greater
than the known ages of the samples (because they are all less than
a few thousand years old).

K-Ar dating shows excellent correlations with other long-term
measurements (e.g., isotope ages by Rb/Sr or Sm/Nd isochron dating
as in [1], ordering of the geological column as in [2] or [3],
and continental drift as in [4]).

[1] Dalrymple, G. Brent, 1991.  _The Age of the Earth_.  California:
    Stanford University Press,  ISBN 0-8047-1569-6.  See:  Tables
    5.5 and 5.6 (pp. 230-231, 239) for lists of lunar rocks dated
    by multiple isotopic methods;  Table 6.3 (pp. 287-289) for lists
    of meteorites dated by multiple methods.

[2] Harland, W. Brian, et al., 1990.  _A geologic time scale 1989_.
    Cambridge:  Cambridge University Press, ISBN 0-521-38765-5.
    The entire book details a large database of isotopic ages shows
    their correlation with position in the geologic column.

[3] Dalrymple, G. Brent, 1986.  "Radiometric Dating, Geologic Time,
    and the Age of the Earth",  U.S. Geologic Survey Open-File Report
    86-110.  See pp. 22-24 for a chart and discussion of correlation
    between K-Ar age and stratigraphic position of the Land Mammal
    Ages of the Cenozoic.

[4] Dalrymple, G. Brent, 1986.  (Ref. [3])  See  Figs. 2-3 and p. 25
    for a chart of distance from the Hawaiian mantle plume versus
    K-Ar age.

--
Chris Stassen                          http://www.stassen.com/chris/
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