The above is really dumb. A scientific hypothesis is proposed as a
way of organizing ideas in a problematic fashion so it can be tested
empirically (usually it is drawn from an extant scientific theory).
If it is not possible to construct an empirical measure of even one of
the ideas in the research hypothesis, then it is not possible to test
the adequacy of the hypothesis.
Please note scientists don't use the concept of prove. They use terms
like "empirically demonstrated", "statistically significant
relationships", "empirically verifiable relationships" etc.. And thus
the theory from which the research hypothesis was drawn is always
viewed as "provisional" and never proved.
A strong scientific theory is one that has received numerous and
varied scientific research support in a variety of scientific peer
reviewed professional journals. The theory of evolution is one such
theory. It is important to note that there is much competition among
scientists to "one up" each other if they see a flaw in research
hypotheses, methods or inferences or if they can propose new avenue of
research and thus provide a corrective to current scientific
understandings. So the fallacy of affirming the consequent, a
potential problem in scientific research, is overcome by problematic
research hypotheses, finding new avenues of research or for falsifying
hypotheses, and competition for professional recognition in peer
reviewed research.
Faith is in the scientific researcher's ability to produce better
insights into nature by employing the tools of science to do it. This
faith however is tested "empirically" by science outcomes and is
qualitatively different from "religious faith" which "arbitrarily
assumes an untestable religious construction of reality and then
posits it as 'sacred and true'."
Your confusions are not sciences' limitations.
Lastly your "turkey inference" parable assumes this is how science
engages in "inference" and assumes scientists are as dumb as a
turkey. Your "turkey inference" is exactly what all the theologians
in the world have done and still do. They assert a logical
relationship between concepts/ideas and propose an hypothesis and
state the expected outcome as an anomaly. An then proceed as if what
they have proposed is a "reality 'sui generis' " when in reality it is
a "socially constructed reality"
They never think to measure all the variables in the proposed
hypothesis since they think it is obvious and would be absurd to do
it. But let me show you why it is a dumb hypothesis. A scientist
would have to measure "the turkey thinks the farmer is a friend." So
is the turkey there for food or friendship? We don't know. Likewise
I don't think the turkey knows either. So this presumed step of
"friendship" between feed and food is specious and unknown it not
unknowable.
Further your "turkey inference" parable assumes an anthropomorphic
conception of turkeys that is not empirically accessible. The turkey
could be neutral to anyone who feed him as long as they feed him.
Still further the "turkey inference" parable is "really" about
"chumming" a documented hunting practice in many cultures. People
historically have also caught fish this way and hopefully you will
see, if you employ fish in your "turkey inference" parable, it really
doesn't hold water.
Again, your confusions are not sciences' limitations.