PHYSICS: ORGANIZATIONS : PHYSICS: RESOURCES : PHYSICS: PUBLICATIONS : PHYSICS: PERIODICALS: Physics: Spotlighting Exceptional Research

[David P. Dillard]

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PHYSICS: ORGANIZATIONS :
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Physics: Spotlighting Exceptional Research



Physics: Spotlighting Exceptional Research
<http://physics.aps.org/>


About Physics
<http://physics.aps.org/about>


Physicists are drowning in a flood of research papers in their own fields
and coping with an even larger deluge in other areas of physics. The
Physical Review journals alone published over 18,000 papers last year. How
can an active researcher stay informed about the most important
developments in physics?

Physics highlights exceptional papers from the Physical Review journals.
To accomplish this, Physics features expert commentaries written by active
researchers who are asked to explain the results to physicists in other
subfields. These commissioned articles are edited for clarity and
readability across fields and are accompanied by explanatory
illustrations.

Each week, editors from each of the Physical Review journals choose papers
that merit this treatment, aided by referee comments and internal
discussion. We select commentary authors from around the world who are
known for their expertise and communication skills and we devote much
effort to editing these commentaries for broad accessibility.

Physics features three kinds of articles: Viewpoints are essays of
approximately 10001500 words that focus on a single Physical Review paper
or PRL letter and put this work into broader context. Trends are concise
review articles (30004000 words in length) that survey a particular area
and look for interesting developments in that field. Synopses (200 words)
are staff-written distillations of interesting and important papers each
week. In addition, we intend to publish selected Letters to the Editor to
allow readers a chance to comment on the commentaries and summaries.

Physics provides a much-needed guide to the best in physics



December 2009 Issue
<http://physics.aps.org/issues/current>



1.
Viewpoint

Are black holes really two dimensional?
Vijay Balasubramanian, Physics 2, 102 (2009) Published December 7, 2009

Particles & Fields Astrophysics Gravitation

The insights of a provocative connection between general relativity and
quantum field theory, called the AdS/CFT correspondence, have been
extended to rotating black holes that can occur astrophysically.


2.
Viewpoint

The super cool atom thermometer
A. M. Rey, Physics 2, 103 (2009) Published December 7, 2009

Atomic & Molecular Physics Strongly Correlated Materials

A new method of thermometry for ultracold atoms in optical lattices has
the potential to accurately measure temperatures down to


3.
Synopsis

Giant magnetoresistance goes electric
Published December 7, 2009

Magnetism Spintronics

A dual spin valve with antiparallel outer layers is used to demonstrate a
new form of current-dependent giant magnetoresistance.


4.
Synopsis

Imaging molecular breakup
Published December 7, 2009

Atomic & Molecular Physics Chemical Physics

A new tool is developed to study dynamics of molecular dissociation under
electron bombardment.


Article Type
Viewpoint (2)

Synopsis (2)

Subject
Astrophysics (1)

Atomic & Molecular Physics (2)

Chemical Physics (1)

Gravitation (1)

Magnetism (1)

Particles & Fields (1)

Spintronics (1)

Strongly Correlated Materials (1)



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Article Type


Editorial (2)

Viewpoint (131)

Trends (11)

Synopsis (184)

Letter to the Editor (1)



Subject


Accelerators (1)

Astrophysics (13)

Atomic & Molecular Physics (55)

Biological Physics (9)

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Fluid Dynamics (14)

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Particles & Fields (32)

Plasma Physics (6)

Quantum Information (24)

Quantum Mechanics (19)

Semiconductor Physics (13)

Soft Matter (8)

Spintronics (15)

Statistical Mechanics (15)

String Theory (2)

Strongly Correlated Materials (7)

Superconductivity (21)

Superfluidity (6)



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Sample Search Teleportation


Showing results 1 - 25 of 2,403 total


Content Sample:


1. ? Generation of a single-photon source via a four-wave mixing process
in a cavity
Bixuan Fan, Zhenglu Duan, Lu Zhou, Chunhua Yuan, Z. Y. Ou, and Weiping
Zhang
Full Text:
...to ensure the security of information teleportation . Information is
often encoded by phase or...
Show Abstract
It is shown that an efficient, well-directional single-photon source can
be realized via a four-wave mixing process in a cavity. The probability of
producing a single-photon state nearly approaches 50%. The bandwidth of
single-photons generated in this way is controllable, which is determined
by that of the input pulse. Furthermore, we propose a scheme to generate a
coherent multichannel single-photon source, which might have significant
applications in wavelength division multiplexing quantum key distribution.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 063809 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



2. ? Simulation of a quantum phase transition of polaritons with trapped
ions
P. A. Ivanov, S. S. Ivanov, N. V. Vitanov, A. Mering, M. Fleischhauer, and
K. Singer
Full Text:
...such as the Deutsch-Josza algorithm, teleportation , quantum error
correction, quantum Fourier...
Show Abstract
We present a system for the simulation of quantum phase transitions of
collective internal qubit and phononic states with a linear crystal of
trapped ions. The laser-ion interaction creates an energy gap in the
excitation spectrum, which induces an effective phonon-phonon repulsion
and a Jaynes-Cummings-Hubbard interaction. This system shows features
equivalent to phase transitions of polaritons in coupled cavity arrays.
Trapped ions allow for easy tuning of the hopping frequency by adjusting
the axial trapping frequency and the phonon-phonon repulsion via laser
detuning and intensity. We propose an experimental protocol to access all
observables of the system, which allows one to obtain signatures of the
quantum phase transitions even with a small number of ions.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 060301 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



3. ? Experimental demonstration of optimal universal asymmetric quantum
cloning of polarization states of single photons by partial symmetrization
Anton Cernoch, Jan Soubusta, Lucie Celechovsk Miloslav Duek, and Jarom
Fiurk
Full Text:
...was accomplished via partial quantum teleportation 22,23 which required
detection of...
Show Abstract
We report on experimental implementation of the optimal universal
asymmetric 1?2 quantum cloning machine for qubits encoded into
polarization states of single photons. Our linear-optical machine performs
asymmetric cloning by partially symmetrizing the input polarization state
of signal photon and a blank copy idler photon prepared in a maximally
mixed state. We show that the employed method of measurement of mean clone
fidelities exhibits strong resilience to imperfect calibration of the
relative efficiencies of single-photon detectors used in the experiment.
Reliable characterization of the quantum cloner is thus possible even when
precise detector calibration is difficult to achieve.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 062306 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



4. ? Entanglement capacity of nonlocal Hamiltonians: A geometric approach
Behzad Lari, Ali Saif M. Hassan, and Pramod S. Joag
Full Text:
...as superdense coding 13 or quantum teleportation 14. The theory of
optimal entanglement...
Show Abstract
We develop a geometric approach to quantify the capability of creating
entanglement for a general physical interaction acting on two qubits. We
use the entanglement measure proposed by us for N-qubit pure states [Ali
Saif M. Hassan and Pramod S. Joag, Phys. Rev. A 77, 062334 (2008)]. This
geometric method has the distinct advantage that it gives the
experimentally implementable criteria to ensure the optimal entanglement
production rate without requiring a detailed knowledge of the state of the
two qubit system. For the production of entanglement in practice, we need
criteria for optimal entanglement production, which can be checked in situ
without any need to know the state, as experimentally finding out the
state of a quantum system is generally a formidable task. Further, we use
our method to quantify the entanglement capacity in higher level and
multipartite systems. We quantify the entanglement capacity for two
qutrits and find the maximal entanglement generation rate and the
corresponding state for the general isotropic interaction between qutrits,
using the entanglement measure of N-qudit pure states proposed by us [Ali
Saif M. Hassan and Pramod S. Joag, Phys. Rev. A 80, 042302 (2009)]. Next
we quantify the genuine three qubit entanglement capacity for a general
interaction between qubits. We obtain the maximum entanglement generation
rate and the corresponding three qubit state for a general isotropic
interaction between qubits. The state maximizing the entanglement
generation rate is of the Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger class. To the best
of our knowledge, the entanglement capacities for two qutrit and three
qubit systems have not been reported earlier.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 062305 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



5. ? Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger state protocols for fully connected
qubit networks
Andrei Galiautdinov, Mark W. Coffey, and Ron Deiotte
Full Text:
...secret sharing 2, open-destination teleportation 3, fault-tolerant
computing 4,5, and ...
Show Abstract
We generalize the recently proposed Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger tripartite
protocol [A. Galiautdinov and J. M. Martinis, Phys. Rev. A 78, 010305(R)
(2008)] to fully connected networks of weakly coupled qubits interacting
by way of anisotropic Heisenberg exchange g(XX+YY)+g~ZZ. Our model differs
from the more familiar Ising-Heisenberg chain in that here every qubit
interacts with every other qubit in the circuit. The assumption of
identical couplings on all qubit pairs allows an elegant proof of the
protocol for arbitrary N. In order to further make contact with
experiment, we study fidelity degradation due to coupling imperfections by
numerically simulating the N=3 and 4 cases. Our simulations indicate that
the best fidelity at unequal couplings is achieved when (a) the system is
initially prepared in the uniform superposition state (similarly to how it
is done in the ideal case) and (b) the entangling time and the final
rotations on each of the qubits are appropriately adjusted.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 062302 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



6. ? Reconstruction of spatial qutrit states based on realistic
measurement operators
Gen Taguchi, Tatsuo Dougakiuchi, Masataka Iinuma, Holger F. Hofmann, and
Yutaka Kadoya
Full Text:
...quantum cryptography, dense coding, and teleportation cannot only be
implemented using...
Show Abstract
Spatial qudit states can be realized by using multislits to discretize the
transverse momentum of a photon. The merit of this kind of spatial qudit
states is that the implementation of higher-dimensional qudits is
relatively easy. As we have recently shown, the quantum states of these
spatial qudits can be analyzed by scanning a single interference pattern.
This method of single scan tomography can also be applied at higher
dimensions, but the reconstruction becomes more sensitive to smaller
details of the scanned patterns as the dimensions increase. In this paper,
we investigate the effect of finite measurement resolution on the single
scan tomography of spatial qutrits. Realistic measurement operators
describing the spatial resolution of the measurement are introduced and
the corresponding pattern functions for quantum state reconstruction are
derived. We use the pattern functions to analyze experimental results for
entangled pairs of spatial qutrits generated by spontaneous parametric
downconversion. It is shown that a reliable reconstruction of the quantum
state can be achieved with finite measurement resolution if this
limitation of the measurement is included in the pattern functions of
single scan tomography.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 062102 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



7. ? Proposed entanglement beam splitter using a quantum-dot spin in a
double-sided optical microcavity
C. Y. Hu, W. J. Munro, J. L. OBrien, and J. G. Rarity
Full Text:
...entanglement as a resource to teleport the state from a photon to a
spin,38 thus making...
... such as quantum cryptography and quantum teleportation .2 Moreover,
this entanglement is essential...
Show Abstract
We propose an entanglement beam splitter (EBS) using a quantum-dot spin in
a double-sided optical microcavity. In contrast to the conventional
optical beam splitter, the EBS can directly split a photon-spin product
state into two constituent entangled states via transmission and
reflection with high fidelity and high efficiency (up to 100 percent).
This device is based on giant optical circular birefringence induced by a
single spin as a result of cavity quantum electrodynamics and the
spin-selection rule of trion transition (Pauli blocking). The EBS is
robust and it is immune to the fine-structure splitting in a realistic
quantum dot. This quantum device can be used for deterministically
creating photon-spin, photon-photon, and spin-spin entanglements as well
as a single-shot quantum nondemolition measurement of a single spin.
Therefore, the EBS can find wide applications in quantum information
science and technology.

Phys. Rev. B 80, 205326 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



8. ? Equivalence of continuous-variable stabilizer states under local
Clifford operations
Jingtao Zhang, Guangqiang He, and Guihua Zeng
Full Text:
...computation 10. Universal quantum teleportation network is implemented
based on a CV graph...
Show Abstract
In this paper, continuous variable stabilizer state is described by its
generator matrix. Then the fact that any stabilizer state could be reduced
to the corresponding weighed graph state under local unitary operation in
the Clifford group is proved. A matrix equation, which is used to
determine whether two stabilizer states are equivalent or not under local
unitary operation in the Clifford group, is proposed. Then we apply the
method to the five-mode unweighed graph states and demonstrate that our
theory could be able to correctly and quickly find the equivalent classes
of five-mode unweighed graph states.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 052333 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



9. ? Demonstration of a universal one-way quantum quadratic phase gate
Yoshichika Miwa, Jun-ichi Yoshikawa, Peter van Loock, and Akira Furusawa
Full Text:
...step, corresponding to elementary teleportations 3,4 for propagating
and manipulating a...
...30kHz LPF A/D to PC The elementary teleportation step for the case of
CV 9 is described...
Show Abstract
We demonstrate a quadratic phase gate for one-way quantum computation in
the continuous-variable regime. This canonical gate, together with
phase-space displacements and Fourier rotations, completes the set of
universal gates for realizing any single-mode Gaussian transformation such
as arbitrary squeezing. As opposed to previous implementations of
measurement-based squeezers, the current gate is fully controlled by the
local oscillator phase of the homodyne detector. Verifying this
controllability, we give an experimental demonstration of the principles
of one-way quantum computation over continuous variables. Moreover, we can
observe sub-shot-noise quadrature variances in the output states,
confirming that nonclassical states are created through cluster
computation.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 050303 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



10. ? Sub-Planck-scale structures in the Pchl-Teller potential and their
sensitivity to perturbations
Utpal Roy, Suranjana Ghosh, Prasanta K. Panigrahi, and David Vitali
Full Text:
...connection between these structures and teleportation delity has been
also established 14....
Show Abstract
We find the existence of sub-Planck scale structures in the Pchl-Teller
potential, which is an exactly solvable potential with both symmetric and
asymmetric features. We analyze these structures in both cases by looking
at the Wigner distribution of the state evolved from an initial coherent
state up to various fractional revival times. We also investigate the
sensitivity to perturbations of the Pchl-Teller potential and we verify
that, similar to the harmonic oscillator, the presence of sub-Planck
structure in phase space is responsible for a high sensitivity to
phase-space displacements.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 052115 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



11. ? Entanglement Combing
Dong Yang and Jens Eisert
Full Text:
...either through ideal channels or teleported via ebits shared between
Bobs and Alice. The...
...the quantum data. Finally, we teleport the compressed data. The region
of distributed...
...Bk by Schumacher compression, and then teleports the compressed data of
Bk to different Bobs....
Show Abstract
We show that all multipartite pure states can, under local operations, be
transformed into bipartite pairwise entangled states in a lossless
fashion: An arbitrary distinguished party will keep pairwise entanglement
with all other parties after the asymptotic protocoldecorrelating all
other parties from each otherin a way that the degree of entanglement of
this party with respect to the rest will remain entirely unchanged. The
set of possible entanglement distributions of bipartite pairs is also
classified. Finally, we point out several applications of this protocol as
a useful primitive in quantum information theory.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 220501 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



12. ? Extraction of a squeezed state in a field mode via repeated
measurements on an auxiliary quantum particle
Bruno Bellomo, Giuseppe Compagno, Hiromichi Nakazato, and Kazuya Yuasa
Full Text:
...Quantum Cryptography, Quantum Teleportation , Quantum Computation,
edited by D....
Show Abstract
The dynamics of a system, consisting of a particle initially in a Gaussian
state interacting with a field mode, under the action of repeated
measurements performed on the particle, is examined. It is shown that
regardless of its initial state the field is distilled into a squeezed
state. The dependence on the physical parameters of the dynamics is
investigated.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 052113 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



13. ? State tomography of a qubit through scattering of a probe qubit
Antonella De Pasquale, Kazuya Yuasa, and Hiromichi Nakazato
Full Text:
...Quantum Cryptography, Quantum Teleportation , Quantum Computation,
edited by D....
Show Abstract
We discuss the state tomography of a fixed qubit (a spin-1/2 target
particle), which is in general in a mixed state, through one-dimensional
scattering of a probe qubit off the target. Two strategies are presented
by making use of different degrees of freedom of the probe, i.e. spin and
momentum. Remarkably, the spatial degree of freedom of the probe can be
utilized for optimizing the tomographic schemes.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 052111 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



14. ? Near-field correlations in the two-photon field
H. Di Lorenzo Pires and M. P. van Exter
Full Text:
...Bells inequalities 4,5, quantum teleportation 6, quantum criptography
7, and a...
Show Abstract
In experiments with spontaneous parametric down conversion the near-field
plane is usually defined as the output facet of the generating crystal.
Experimentally, however, the spatial correlations are accessed via an
imaging system and observed in a region around the image of the output
facet. We show that the imaged two-photon field has a very rich transverse
and longitudinal structure, which is determined by the phase-matching
conditions. We observe many intriguing three-dimensional structures that
demonstrate the presence of spatial antibunching, an extreme localization
of twin photons, and spatial correlations that resemble Bessel beams in
propagation. We link these observations with previous results in second
harmonic generation and predict the presence of fourth-order phase
singularities. Both experiments and theory are presented, yielding further
insight into the nature of the two-photon field.

Phys. Rev. A 80, 053820 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



15. ? Natural Mode Entanglement as a Resource for Quantum Communication
Libby Heaney and Vlatko Vedral
Full Text:
... can be used for dense coding and quantum teleportation despite the
superselection rule. In...
... to perform quantum dense coding [10] and teleportation [11] with the
0031-9007=09=103(20)=200502(4) ...
...capacity limit cannot be exceeded. Teleportation .The ability to
perform complete Bell...
...on mode entangled systems means that teleportation of a state of a
spatial mode is also...
... A and Bob is in possession of mode B. To teleport the state of mode a,
Alice performs a Bell state...
Show Abstract
Natural particle-number entanglement resides between spatial modes in
coherent ultracold atomic gases. However, operations on the modes are
restricted by a superselection rule that forbids coherent superpositions
of different particle numbers. This seemingly prevents mode entanglement
being used as a resource for quantum communication. In this Letter, we
demonstrate that mode entanglement of a single massive particle can be
used for dense coding and quantum teleportation despite the superselection
rule. In particular, we provide schemes where the dense coding linear
photonic channel capacity is reached without a shared reservoir and where
the full quantum channel capacity is achieved if both parties share a
coherent particle reservoir.

Phys. Rev. Lett. 103, 200502 (2009)
Cited 0 times
PDF



<snip>


Footnote :

Blame my wife, the one with all those great photographs for the topic
selection of teleportation, that was her idea when I asked her for a good
physics topic to use as an example. <g>




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David Dillard
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