Descendants of Ghenghis Khan
Ford Mommaerts-Meulemans-Browne
From Matthew Toback, General Legal Counsel, Embassy of Mongolia, Washington
DC (1999)
Profiting from the revolution in China, Mongolia (except Tuva, or Inner
Mongolia) declared the independance in 1911 with the Khutuktu, the Living
Buddha, as Emperor. Independance was recognized by Russia in 1912. That
year the princes of Inner Mongolia accepted the sovereignty of the new
Republic of China. The 5/11/1913 Treaty between Russia and China recognized
that Mongolia is still part of China while China recognized Mongolian
autonomy. The authority of the Khutuktu as Emperor is recognized by the 1915
Treaty of Kiakhta between China, Russia and the princes of Outer Mongolia,
which was denounced by China in 1919. The 1917 Communist revolution in
Russia resulted in the declaration of a Soviet republic in Outer Mongolia,
definitely settled in 1921, sealed by a friendhip treaty with USSR and not
recognized by China. The Head of the Sovereign Family, The Khutuktu, Emperor
of Mongolia & Living Buddha Bogdo Jebsung Damba Khutuktu Khan 1911-11/7/1924
ruled nominally until he died.