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TABLE OF CONTENTS

[1-8 in part I]
 9.  History.
10.  Implications of Beauty.
11.  Lesbian Feminism.
12.  Literary Writings.
13.  Media Depiction of Women.
14.  Military, Law Enforcement.
15.  Patriarchy.
16.  Pornography.
17.  Positive Children's Books.
[18-25 in part III]

[continuing from part I]

9.  History.
------------

Adamson, Nancy, Linda Briskin, and Margaret McPhail.  _Feminist
Organizing For Change: The Contemporary Women's Movement in Canada_.
Oxford University Press (Don Mills, Ontario).  1988.
    Blurb: "Beginning with a detailed history of the `second wave'
    (post-1960), it makes a primary distinction between grass-roots
    and institutionalized feminism, and by emphasizing the former
    reveals a part of feminist organizing that has most often been
    invisible."

Anderson, Bonnie S. and Judith P. Zinsser.  _A History of Their Own:
Women in Europe from Prehistory to Present_.  Vols I and II.  Harper
and Row, Publishers, New York.  1988.
    Blurb: "...A groundbreaking and controversial history of European
    women -- the first to approach the past from the perspective of
    women and to be organized by role."

Bridenthal, Renate, and Claudia Koonz, eds.  _Becoming Visible, Women
in European History_.
    An anthology going from prehistory to present day.

Carden, Maren.  _The New Feminist Movement_.  1974.

Coote and Campbell.  _Sweet Freedom: The Struggle for Women's
Liberation_.  1982.

DuBois, Ellen Carol and Vicki L. Ruiz, eds.  _Unequal Sisters: A Multi-
Cultural Reader in U.S. Women's History_.  Routledge, New York.  1990.

DuBoise, Ellen Carol.  _Feminism and Suffrage: The Emergence of an
Independent Women's Movement in America 1848-1869_.  Third printing.
Cornell Paperbacks, Cornell University Press.  1985.  ISBN:
0-8014-9182-7 (trade paperback).
    Blurb: "...Duboise provides a framework and an analysis which link
    present concerns with political events more than a century ago,
    and by so doing illuminates both our contemporary situation and
    our past.  Hers is a rare blend of relevance and solid
    scholarship..."

Eisler, Riane.  _The Chalice and the Blade_. Harper, San Francisco.
1987.
    An interesting revisionist view of history; describes a conflict
    between "gylanic" (cooperative, giving of life honored,
    stereotypically feminine) and "androcratic" (competitive, taking
    of life honored, stereotypically masculine) tendencies in Western
    history. She suggests that the problem with the latter system is
    not men _per se_, but the expectation that men dominate women and
    a few men dominate all the rest. She follows Marija Gimbutas on
    European prehistory, suggesting that her "Old Europe" was a good
    example of the former system. Caution: any attempt at finding
    all-encompassing principles, as she does, is probably an
    oversimplification.

Fraser, Antonia.  _The Weaker Vessel_.  Vintage Books, Random House,
New York.  1985.  ISBN: 0-394-73251-0.
    Blurb: "Fraser gives us life after woman's life in choice and
    telling detail.  This is 'hidden history'...the history of
    ordinary women, and therefore of ordinary men.  As such it is both
    tantalizingly familliar and utterly exotic, close and yet distant
    to our own lives."

Fraser, Antonia.  _The Warrior Queens_. Alfred A. Knopf, New York.
1989.  ISBN: 0-394-54939-2 (hardback).
    Blurb: "...Fraser gives us a singularly rich and provocative study
    of the Warrior Queens.  Dramatising the often astonishing ways in
    which the world has perceived -- and still perceives -- women who
    wield power, she examines the paradox and the politics, the mythic
    and the real lives of the sovereign women who have led their
    nations in war."

Gimbuta, Marija.  _The Goddesses and Gods of Old Europe_.  c1974, 1982.
    Documents Neolithic Europe in detail, describing such things as
    settlement patterns, burial rites, a sacred script and inferences
    on its social structure.  She proposes that "Old Europe" featured
    parity between the sexes, lack of interest in warfare, well-developed
    artistic traditions, and a belief system centered on female
    generative powers.

Gimbuta, Marija.  _The Language of the Goddess_(1989) and _The
Civilization of the Goddess_(1991).  Harper, San Francisco.  
    Expands on the belief system proposed in the first book.

Goreau, Angeline, ed.  _The Whole Duty of a Woman: Female Writers in
Seventeenth Century England_.  Dial Press, Garden City, New York.
1985.

Heilbrun, Carolyn G.  _Writing a Woman's Life_. Ballantine Books.
ISBN 0-345-36256-X.
    Blurb: "With subtlety and great eloquence, Carolyn Heilbrun shows
    how, throughout the centuries, those who write about women's lives
    -- biographers AND autobiographers -- have suppressed the truth of
    the female experience, in order to make the "written life" conform
    to society's expectations of what that life should be."

Hiley, Michael.  _Victorian Working Women: Portraits from Life_.
Gordon Fraser, London.  1979.
    A collection of Arther Munby's photography.  It was his firm
    belief that women should be free to take on any job they wished.
    A fascinating compendium.

Karlsen, Carol F.  _The Devil in the Shape of a Woman: Witchcraft in
Colonial New England_.  W.W. Norton and Company, New York and London.
1987.
    Blurb: "A pioneer work in what might be called the sex<ual
    structuring of society.  this is not just another book about
    witchcraft.  Carol Karlsen has uncovered the assumptions, explicit
    and implicit, that goverened the everyday relationships of men and
    women in early New England...The 'witches' come alive in this
    book, not as stereotypes, but as real women living in a society
    that suspected and feared their independence and combativeness."

Miles, Rosalind.  _The Women's History of the World_.  Perennial
Library, Harper and Row, Publishers.  1990.  ISBN: 0-06-097317-X.

Rossi, Alice S., ed.  _The Feminist Papers: From Adams to de
Beauvoir_.  1st Northeastern University Press ed. Boston :
Northeastern University Press, 1988, c1973.  Reprint. Originally
published: New York : Columbia University Press, 1973.
    Women, feminism and history: sources.

Rothschild, Joan, ed.  _Women, Technology, and Innovation_.  Pergamon
Press, Oxford and New York.  1982.
    Includes bibliography.  Discusses technology and innovation on the
    part of women throughout history, with essays on current feminist
    thought on pedagogy and technology.

Scharff, Virginia.  _Taking the Wheel: Women and the Coming of the
Motor Age_.  The Free Press, Macmillian, Inc.  1991.  ISBN: 0-02928135-0.
    Blurb:  "Most men did not want or expect women to drive the new
    gasoline powered automobiles of the early 1900's.  Women took the
    wheel anyway.  As Virginia Scharff explains in this engaging
    survey, the constraints of gender affected the ways in which women
    met the new automotive technology but seldom slowed them down.
    Car culture, Scharff shows with her precise scholarship and
    thoughtful commentarty, was women's culture, too."    

Scott, Joan Wallach.  _Gender and the Politics of History_.  Series
title: Gender and Culture.  Columbia University Press, New York.
1988.
    She uses postructural philosophies (Michel Foucault and Jacques
    Derrida - the latter almost considered the father of
    postructuralism) to analyse Gender and the way that History has
    been written. She "deconstructs" the texts hoping to find their
    biases, and so understand why they cannot be "correct," taking the
    position that history has repressed what it means to be a woman.

Sullivan, Sorayan, translator.  _Stories by Iranian Women_.
Introduction by Fazaneh Milani.  Center for Middle Eastern Studies.
University of Texas at Austin.  ISBN: 0-292-77649-7.

Wilson, Katharina M., ed.  _Women Writers of the Renaissance and
Reformation_.  University of Georgia Press.  ISBN: 0-8203-0866-8.

Wilson, Vincent Jr.  _The Book of Distinguished American Women_.
American HIstory Research Associates, PO BOX 140, Brookeville, MD
20833, 1983.  ISBN 0-910086-05-2. (100p paperback)
  Brief but inspiring biographies of 50 (!) women who made names for
  themselves in fields from astronomy to public health to literature.

10.  Implications of Beauty.
---------------------------

Brownmiller, Susan. _Femininity_.  Fawcett Columbine, New York. 1984.
ISBN: 0-449-90142-4 (trade paperback).
    A mild (for Brownmiller) but earnest book that explores the effect
    that demands of "femininity" have on women.

Freedman, Rita. _Beauty Bound_.  Lexington Books, D.C. Heath and
Company. 1988.  ISBN: 0-669-11141-4 (hardback).
    Explores the effects that conventional notions of beauty and
    womens' efforts to meet them have on women.

Wolf, Naomi. _The Beauty Myth_. Chatto & Windus, London, 1991.  W.
Morrow, New York, 1991.
    Examines the impact that conventional notions of feminine beauty
    have on women from a feminist perspective.

11.  Lesbian Feminism.
----------------------

Darty, Trudy and Sandee Potter, eds.  _Women-Identified Women_.
Mayfield Pub. Co., Palo Alto, CA.  1984.

Faderman, Lillian.  _Surpassing the Love of Men: Romantic Friendship
and Love between Women from the Renaissance to the Present_ New York:
Quill (A division of William Morrow & Co.), 1981.

Faderman, Lillian. _Odd Girls and Twilight Lovers: A History
of Lesbian Life in Twentieth Century America_.

Pharr, Suzanne.  _Homophobia: A Weapon Of Sexism_.  Chardon Press,
...

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

[1-8 in part I, 9-17 in part II]
18.  Public Policies Regarding Women.
19.  Reactions to Feminism.
20.  Religion.
21.  Sex and/or Violence, Sexual Abuse.
22.  Sexual Harassment and Discrimination.
23.  Test Biases.
24.  Women of Color.
25.  Women's Health.

(Auto)Biographies.
Miscellaneous.
Acknowledgements.

[continuing from part II]

18.  Public Policies Regarding Women.
-------------------------------------

Abramovitz, Mimi. _Regulating the Lives of Women. Social Welfare Policy
from Colonial Times to the Present_.
    An analysis of the impact of US social welfare policy, documents
    how the family ethic has been translated into punitive welfare
    approaches toward women

Baldock, Cora V., and Bettina Cass, eds.  _Women, Social Welfare, and the
State in Australia_.  Allen & Unwin, Sydney and Boston.  1983.

Dahl, Tove Stang. _Women's Law: An Introduction to Feminist
Jurisprudence_.  Oxford University Press.  1987.
     Proposal for a "women's law" by Norwegian sociologist of law.

Diamond, Irene, ed. _Families, Politics, and Public Policy_.  New
York. Longman. 1983.

Enloe, Cynthia.  _Bananas, Beaches and Bases_.
    A radical analysis of international politics revealing the crucial
    role of women in implementing government foreign policies.  It
    deals with several problems, one of which is prostitution especially
    in asia, and also with regard to US military bases.

Freeman, Michael D.A. . _The State, the Law, and the Family: Critical
Perspectives_.  Tavistock Publications, New York. 1984.
    A collection of articles, many British, on the interrelationship
    between the family, the state and patriarchy.

Glendon, Mary Ann. _Abortion and Divorce in Western Law_.  Harvard
University Press, Cambridge MA.  1987.
    Overview and analysis of abortion and divorce laws in several
    western countries.

Gordon, Linda, ed. _Women, the State, and Welfare_.  University of
Wisconsin Press.  1990.
    Collection on women and the welfare state.  Includes articles by
    Elizabeth Schneider on rights, and Frances Fox Piven.

Hernes, Helga Maria. _Welfare State and Woman Power: Essays in State
Feminism_.  Scandinavian Library series. Norwegian University Press,
Oxford.  Distributed by Oxford University Press.  1987.
    Critique of the patriarchal nature of the Scandinavian welfare state.

Mason, Mary Ann. _The Equality Trap_.  Simon & Schuster, New York.
1988.
    Discusses how the push for equality laws has actually been to the
    detriment of women, particularly in the area of family law.  The
    author is a lawyer.

Mueller, Carol M., ed.  _The Politics of the Gender Gap: The Social
Construction of Political Influence_.  SAGE Publications, Newbury
Park, CA.  1988.

Ruggie, Mary. _The State and Working Women:  A Comparative Study of
Britain and Sweden_.  Princeton University Press.  1984.

Pateman, Carole. _The Sexual Contract_.  Stanford University
Press.  1988.
    The meaning of the social "contract" for women.

Pateman, Carole. _The Disorder of Women:  Democracy, Feminism
and Political Theory_.  Stanford University Press.  1989.
    A discussion of women's role in the rise of democratic theory.
    The meaning of consent.

Paul, Ellen Frankel.  _Equity and Gender: the Comparable Worth Debate_.
1990.
    Begins by explaining how comparable worth -- or pay equity imposed
    by law -- is a full frontal assault on the free market by those
    who scoff at the market's ability to provide justice, and argues
    that the free market, not the state, is the better ally of
    feminism.

Petchesky, Rosalind. _Abortion: A Woman's Choice_.  1990.
    Excellent study of abortion politics in America.  Examines the
    patriarchal and capitalist roots underlying the abortion
    controversy, as well as (in 1990 edition) the meaning of the
    rights discourse for women.  Re-imagining "rights."

Tribe, Laurence H.  _Abortion: The Clash of Absolutes_.  W.W. Norton,
New York, London. 1990.  ISBN: 0-393-30699-2.
    Tribe is a professor of constitutional law and brings this
    expertise to his evaluation of the constitutional question of
    abortion.  Besides drawing a sympathetically balanced view of the
    two extremes, he shows what that consequences for the constitution
    would be upon defining a fetus as a "person."  Excellent and very
    readable, unlike many constitutional analyses of any sort.

Sassoon, Anne Showstack, ed. _Women and the State_.  Unwin Hyman,
Winchester, MA.  1988.
    An international collection of articles on women and the welfare
    state.

Stetson, Dorothy McBride. _Women's Rights in the USA. Policy Debates
and Gender Roles_.  Brooks/Cole Publishing Company, Pacific Grove, CA.
1991.  ISBN: 0-534-14898-0.
    The author examines the hottest current topics in the US that
    relate to women, and how the mjor controversies and policies
    affect gender roles and being female in this country.

Wilson, Elizabeth.  _Women and the Welfare State_.  Tavistock
Publications, London.  1977.

19.  Reactions to Feminism.
---------------------------

Faludi, Susan. _Backlash. The Undeclared War Against American Women_,
(1991).
    Gives an overview of the reaction to feminism in America today.
    It is an incredible compendium of incorrect facts, bogus
    statistics, false logic and unfounded theories, all of which which
    are presented by society and the media in particular as "true" and
    "factual" in order to keep women subordinate.  One caveat about
    this book is that the author seems unsympathetic to the difficult
    choices a woman must make if she wants to combine career and
    family.

Kamen, Paula, "Feminism, a Dirty Word", The New York Times,
November 23, 1990, page A37.

Leidholdt, Dorchen and Janice G. Raymond, eds.  _The Sexual Liberals
and the Attack on Feminism_.  Pergamon Press, New York.  1990.
    Essays which originated as speeches and panel presentations at a
    conferences on April 6, 1987, at the New York University Law
    School.  Includes bibliographical references and index.

Smith, Joan.  _Misogynies: Reflections on Myths and Malice_.  Fawcett
Columbine Book, Ballantine Books, Publishers. 1989.  ISBN:0-449-90591-8.
    From blurb:  "Joan Smith has written a witty and bold collection
    of essays on the alarming subject of women-hating.  She observes
    the phenomenon wryly and never succumbs to the fatuous
    generalizations which characterize misogyny itself...Misogyny,
    unlike sexism, grows in this way behind women's backs, which may
    be why we sometimes optimistcially believe it is no longer
    prevalent.  It is aptly, intelligently and compassionately put
    before us again in this well-written book." (Literary Review).    

20.  Religion.
--------------

Adler, Margot. _Drawing Down the Moon_.  Revised edition.  Beacon
Press, Boston.  1986.  ISBN: 0-8070-3253-0.
    This has a chapter on "Women, Feminism, and the Craft".  It places
    feminist wicca in one of its contexts.  Otherwise the book is
    mainly about neopaganism.

Armstrong, Karen. _The Gospel According to Woman_.  Anchor Books,
Doubleday. 1987.  ISBN: 0-385-24079-1 (trade paperback).
    A provocative interpretation of the history of women in
    Christianity.  In particular, there are interesting parallels
    between the Virgins (who could stay separate from men) of
    Christian history and latter-day feminists.

Beck, Evelyn Torton, ed. _Nice Jewish Girls. A Lesbian Anthology_.
Revised and updated.  Beacon Press, Boston.  1989.

Fiorenza, Elisabeth Schussler. _Bread Not Stone_.  Beacon Press,
Boston.  1984.  ISBN: 0-8070-1103-7 (trade paperback).
    Feminist biblical interpretation.

Greenberg, Blu. _On Women and Judaism: A View from Tradition_.  Jewish
Publication Society of America, Philadelphia.  1981.
    This discusses conflicts between Orthodox Judaism and feminism,
    and suggests resolutions of the conflicts within the boundaries of
    Jewish law.

Hampson, Daphne. _Theology and Feminism_.  Basil Blackwell Ltd/Inc.
1990. ISBN: 0-631-14944-9.
    Discusses the limitations of Christianity from a feminist
    perspective, and suggests ways for moving beyond Christianity.

Heine, Susanne. _Women and Early Christianity: A Reappriasal_.
Augsburg Publishing House, Minneapolis. 1988.  ISBN: 0-8066-2359-4.
    Documents the strength of influence women had in early
    Christianity, uses this as basis for concluding that Christianity
    need not be anti-woman.  Originally published in German under
    _Frauen der Fru:hen Christenheit_.

Heschel, Susannah. _On Being a Jewish Feminist:  A Reader_.  Schocken,
1984.

Kaye/Kantrowitz, Melanie and Irena Klepfisz. _The Tribe of Dina:
A Jewish Women's Anthology_.  Beacon Press. 1989.

Koltun, Elizabeth. _The Jewish Woman: New Perspectives_.  Schocken
Books, 1976.

Miles, Margaret R. . _Carnal Knowing: Female Nakedness and Religious
Meaning in the Christian West_.  Beacon Press, Boston.  1989.
    Looks at how images of the female body have shaped and been shaped
    by religious and social forces.  Although most of the emphasis is
    mediaeval, It has a final chapter that looks at a modern
    perspective.  Has an excellent section on Hildegard von Bingen,
    one of the few female writers of the middle ages.

Pagel, Elaine. _Adam, Eve, and The Serpent_. Random House, New York.
1988.  Also, _The Gnostic Gospels_.  Vintage Books edition, Random
House, New York.  1989.
    The
...

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A variety of movements in feminism means that calling one's self a
feminist can mean many things.  In general, members of the following
categories of feminism believe in the listed policies; however as with
any diverse movement, there are disagreements within each group and
overlap between others.  This list is meant to illustrate the
diversity of feminist thought and belief.  It does not mean that
feminism is fragmented (although it often seems that way!).  Much of
the definitions presented here are inspired from _American Feminism_
by Ginette Castro; there is a definite American bias here.  Other
sources were _Feminist Frameworks_ (2nd ed.) by Jaggar and Rothenberg
(which is a worthwhile but incomplete reader that tried to sort out
these various schools of feminist thought).  Any additional, balancing
information from other countries and/or books is more than welcome
(and will be incorporated).

Defining various kinds of feminism is a tricky proposition.  The
diversity of comment with most of the kinds presented here should
alert you to the dangers and difficulties in trying to "define"
feminism.  Since feminism itself resists all kinds of definitions by
its very existence and aims, it is more accurate to say that there are
all kinds of "flavors" and these flavors are mixed up every which way;
there is no set of Baskin Robbins premixed flavors, as it were.

  Amazon Feminism

    Amazon feminism is dedicated to the image of the female hero in
    fiction and in fact, as it is expressed in art and literature, in
    the physiques and feats of female athletes, and in sexual values
    and practices.

    Amazon feminism is concerned about physical equality and is
    opposed to gender role stereotypes and discrimination against
    women based on assumptions that women are supposed to be, look or
    behave as if they are passive, weak and physically helpless.

    Amazon feminism rejects the idea that certain characteristics or
    interests are inherently masculine (or feminine), and upholds and
    explores a vision of heroic womanhood.  Thus Amazon feminism
    advocates e.g., female strength athletes, martial artists,
    soldiers, etc. [TG]

  Anarcho-Feminism

    Anarcho-feminism was never a huge movement, especially in the
    United States, and you won't find a whole lot written about it.  I
    mention it mostly because of the influential work of Emma Goldman,
    who used anarchism to craft a radical feminism that was (alas!)
    far ahead of her time.  Radical feminism expended a lot of energy
    dealing with a basis from which to critique society without
    falling into Marxist pleas for socialist revolution.  It also
    expended a lot of energy trying to reach across racial and class
    lines.  Goldman had succeeded in both.  Radical feminist Alix
    Schulman realized this, but not in time to save her movement.
    She's put out a reader of Goldman's work and a biography, both of
    which I recommend highly.  [JD]

  Cultural Feminism

    As radical feminism died out as a movement, cultural feminism got
    rolling.  In fact, many of the same people moved from the former
    to the latter.  They carried the name "radical feminism" with
    them, and some cultural feminists use that name still.  (Jaggar
    and Rothenberg don't even list cultural feminism as a framework
    separate from radical feminism, but Echols spells out the
    distinctions in great detail.)  The difference between the two is
    quite striking: whereas radical feminism was a movement to
    transform society, cultural feminism retreated to vanguardism,
    working instead to build a women's culture.  Some of this effort
    has had some social benefit: rape crisis centers, for example; and
    of course many cultural feminists have been active in social
    issues (but as individuals, not as part of a movement).  [JD]

    Cultural feminists can sometimes come up with notions that sound
    disturbingly Victorian and non-progressive: that women are
    inherently (biologically) "kinder and gentler" than men and so on.
    (Therefore if all leaders were women, we wouldn't have wars.)    
    I do think, though, that cultural feminism's attempts to heighten
    respect for what is traditionally considered women's work is an
    important parallel activity to recognizing that traditionally male
    activities aren't necessarily as important as we think.  [CTM]

    I have often associated this type of statement [inherently kinder
    and gentler] with Separatist Feminists, who seem to me to feel
    that women are *inherently* kinder and gentler, so why associate
    with men?  (This is just my experience from Separatists I know...I
    haven't read anything on the subject.)  I know Cultural Feminists
    who would claim women are *trained* to be kinder and gentler, but
    I don't know any who have said they are *naturally* kinder. [SJ]

    As various 1960s movements for social change fell apart or got
    co-opted, folks got pessimistic about the very possibility of
    social change.  Many of then turned their attention to building
    alternatives, so that if they couldn't change the dominant
    society, they could avoid it as much as possible.  That, in a
    nutshell, is what the shift from radical feminism to cultural
    feminism was about.  These alternative-building efforts were
    accompanied with reasons explaining (perhaps justifying) the
    abandonment of working for social change. Cultural feminism's
    justification was biological determinism.  This justification was
    worked out in great detail, and was based on assertions in
    horribly-flawed books like Elizabeth Gould Davis's _The First Sex_
    and Ashley Montagu's _The Natural Superiority of Women_.  So
    notions that women are "inherently kinder and gentler" are one of
    the foundations of cultural feminism, and remain a major part of
    it.  A similar concept held by some cultural feminists is that
    while various sex differences might not be biologically
    determined, they are still so thoroughly ingrained as to be
    intractable.  There is no inherent connection between
    alternative-building and ideologies of biological determinism (or
    of social intracta- bility).  SJ has apparently encountered
    alternative-builders who don't embrace biological determinism, and
    I consider this a very good sign. [JD]

    I should point out here that Ashley Montagu is male, and his
    book was first copyright in 1952, so I don't believe that it
    originated as part of the separatist movements in the '60's.
    It may still be horribly flawed; I haven't yet read it. [CTM]

  Erotic Feminism

    [European] This seemed to start (as a movement) in Germany under
    the rule of Otto von Bismarck.  He ruled the land with the motto
    "blood and iron". In society the man was the _ultra manly man_ and
    power was patriarchal power. Some women rebelled against this, by
    becoming WOMAN. Eroticism became a philosophical and metaphysical
    value and the life-creating value. [RG]

  Eco-Feminism:

    This branch of feminism is much more spiritual than political or
    theoretical in nature.  It may or may not be wrapped up with
    Goddess worship and vegetarianism.  Its basic tenet is that a
    patriarchical society will exploit its resources without regard to
    long term consequences as a direct result of the attitudes
    fostered in a patriarchical/hierarchical society.  Parallels are
    often drawn between society's treatment of the environment,
    animals, or resources and its treatment of women.  In resisting
    patriarchical culture, eco-feminists feel that they are also
    resisting plundering and destroying the Earth.  And vice-versa.
    [CTM]

    This is actually socially-conscious environmentalism with a tiny
    smattering of the radical and cultural feminist observation that
    exploitation of women and exploitation of the earth have some
    astonishing parallels.  The rest of "eco-feminism" turns out to be
    a variation on socialism.  The Green movements of Europe have
    done a good job of formulating (if not implementing) an
    environmentally aware feminism; and while Green movements
    were not originally considered a part of eco-feminism, they
    are now recognized as a vital component. [JD]

    (If I remember correctly, a couple of feminist groups, including
    NOW have joined up with Green parties.  [CTM])

  Feminazi:

    This term was "invented" by the radio/tv host Rush Limbaugh.  He
    defines a feminazi as a feminist who is trying to produce as many
    abortions as possible.  Hence the term "nazi" - he sees them as
    trying to rid the world of a particular group of people (fetuses).

    This term is of course completely without merit, but there's the
    definition of it FYI.  [CTM]

  Feminism and Women of Color:

    In _feminist theory from margin to center_ (1984), bell hooks
    writes of "militant white women" who call themselves "radical
    feminists" but hooks labels them "reactionary" . . .  Hooks is
    refering to cultural feminism here.  Her comment is a good
    introduction to that fractious variety of feminism that Jaggar and
    Rothenberg find hard to label any further than to designate its
    source as women of color.  It is a most vital variety, covering
    much of the same ground as radical feminism and duplicating its
    dynamic nature.  Yet bad timing kept the two from ever uniting.
    For more information you might want to also read hooks' book and
    her earlier reader, _ain't i a woman?_ Whereas radical
...

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This posting contains useful feminist references for the newsgroup
soc.feminism.

Copies of this FAQ may be obtained by anonymous ftp to
rtfm.mit.edu under
/pub/usenet/news.answers/feminism/refs1.  Or, send email to
mail-ser...@rtfm.mit.edu with
send usenet/news.answers/feminism/refs1
send usenet/news.answers/feminism/refs2
send usenet/news.answers/feminism/refs3
in the body of the message, leaving the subject line empty.

Summary of changes:
Marked with |'s at beginning of lines.

TABLE OF CONTENTS

Prologue.

 1.  Academia and Sciences.
 2.  Families and Work.
 3.  Feminism and Psychology.
     (incl. sexualization, socialization, gender roles).
 4.  Education.
 5.  Feminist Theory and Overviews.
 6.  Folklore.
 7.  Gendered Communication and Language.
 8.  Gender Differences.
[9-16 continued in part II, 17-24 continued in part III]

Prologue.
---------

This post contains commonly cited and/or useful references on various
topics that come up in this newsgroup.  Because of the nature of these
discussions, it is helpful if you are familiar with at least some of
the materials listed under the topic.  This is NOT a "You Must Read
Every Book On This List Before Participating In Soc.feminism" mandate,
but be aware that some familiarity with books on a particular topic
makes the ensuing discussion less frustrating for our regular readers
who have seen many similar discussions before.  

**********************************************************************
** In particular, if you have a question along the lines of "What   **
** can you tell me about <topic>?" you would do better to check the **
** sources listed here first before trying to garner explanations   **
** over the newsgroup.                                              **
**********************************************************************

This list is undergoing continual modification and I welcome
additional references for inclusion.  In particular, I would like a
wide variety of feminist opinion on each topic.  I would also like
your input on what "must reads" should be included under particular
topics.  Most of these books focus on feminism in the US; I would love
more references to Canadian, British, European, Asian, African and
Latin American feminism.  If you have any corrections to point out, by
all means, let me know if I've misspelled names or misattributed
works.

References marked with an asterisk are incomplete entries that I was
unable to verify in the on-line catalogue.  In most cases, I think
these are references to articles in magazines or books.  Any help with
these would be appreciated.

Disclaimer: The presence of any particular book in here does not
necessarily reflect my views.  There are often short blurbs
contributed by many people along with the references; no guarantee is
made as to their accuracy.  If you wish to comment on any entry in
here, please feel free to do so.

I hope you are inspired to pick up any of these works and start reading!

1.  Academia and Sciences.
--------------------------

1989 National Survey of Women Engineers, The Cooper Union.
Available on request from the Albert Nerken School of Engineering, 51
Astor Place, New York, NY 10003.  

*See New Scientist, P. 8, 9/26/92, volume 135 for story on fighting
sexism in astronomy.

"Survey of Graduate Students", Presidential Committee on Women
Students Interests, Cambridge, MA: MIT, 1987.

"A Celebration of Women in Science," _Discover_, December 1991.
    Contains eleven profiles of successful women in a wide range of
    fields including Donna Cox in computer graphics.  This is a great
    thing for us to read, to get young women and girls to read or to
    give as a gift to anyone you'd like to know about what women are
    doing.

"Still a 'Chilly Climate' for Women?"  _Science_, pp 1604-1606.  June
21, 1991.
    Discusses the situation for women in physics and astronomy.  It
    includes some pipeline statistics and results of a survey on the
    kinds of discrimination women perceive and men notice.  Summary:
    blatant discrimination isn't so much a problem as a "pattern of
    micro-inequalities".

_Notices of the American Mathematical Society_.  No. 7, Sept. 1991.
    A special issue on women in mathematics.  A variety of issues are
    covered.

"Women and Computing", _Communications of the ACM_,  ( Nov. 1990
vol. 33, no. 11.).

"Women in Science and Engineering", Sept-Oct 1991 issue of the
"American Scientist" (published by the Sigma Xi Scientific Society)
(pp. 404-419).

Abramson, Joan.  _Discrimination in the Academic Profession_.
Jossey-Bass, Inc.,  San Francisco.  1975.

Aisenberg, Nadya and Mona Harrington.  _Women in Academe: Outsiders in
the Sacred Grove_.  University of Massachusetts Press, Amherst. 1988.

Baum, Eleanor, "Recruiting and Graduating Women: The
Underrepresented Student",  IEEE Communications Magazine,
December 1990, 47-50.  

Bernstein, D, "Comfort and experience with computing:  are they the
same for men and women?", SIGCSE, 23(3), 1990.

Bernstein, D, "Understanding spreadsheets: Effects of computer
training on mental model acquisition", _Proceedings of the American
Society for Information Science Conference_, 164-172, 1990.

Betz, Nancy E, "What stops women and minorities from choosing and
completing majors in science and engineering", edited transcript of a
Science and Public Policy Seminar given on June 15, 1990.  Copies can
be obtained from the Federation of Behavioral, Psychological and
Cognitive Sciences, 1200 Seventeenth St., N.W., Washington, D.C.
20036. (202) 955-7758, fax no: (202) 955-7608, bitnet address: fed@gwuvm.

Bruer, John T., Jonathan R. Cole, and Harriet Zuckermann.  _The Outer
Circle: Women in the Scientific Community_.  W. W. Norton & Co, New
York. 1991, 351 pp.
    Presents the status of women in science today, as well as the
    reasons for this standing.

Brush, Stephen G. "Women in Science and Engineering", _American
Scientist_ 79, (Sep-Oct).404-419, 1991.
    This is an ambitious article.  In about 12 pages (not including
    the list of 102 references), Stephen Brush discusses factors
    relevant to young girls through senior professionals, across a
    wide range of scientific disciplines.

Butcher, D. and W. Muth. "Predicting performance in an introductory
computer science course", _Communications of the ACM_, 27(11), 263-
268, 1985.

Campbell, P. and G. McCabe.  "Predicting the success of freshmen in a
computer science major", _Communications of the ACM_, 27(11), 1108-
1113, 1984.

Casserly, Patricia Lund.  "Helping Able Young Women Take Math and
Science Seriously in School", The College Board, New York. 1979.
Reprinted, with revisions, from Colangelo Zaffrann, ed., _New Voices
in Counseling the Gifted_. Kendall Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque,
Iowa.  1979.

Dambrot, F., M. Watkins-Malek, S. Silling, R. Marshall, and J. Garver.
"Correlates of sex differences in attitudes toward and involvement
with computers", _Journal of Vocational Behavior_, 27, 71-86, 1985.

Dijkstra, E. "On the cruelty of really teaching computer science",
_Communications of the ACM_, 32(12), 1397-1414, 1989.

Erkut, Sumru. "Exploring Sex Differences in Expectancy, Attribution,
and Academic Achievement", _Sex Roles: A Journal of Research_, 9
(1983) 217-231.

Ernest, John. "Mathematics and Sex", _The American Mathematics
Monthly_, October 1976, 83:595-615.

Ferry, Georgina and Jane Moore. "True Confessions of Women in
Science",  _New Scientist_ 95 (July 1, 1982), 27-30.

Fidell, L. S. "Empirical Verification of Sex Discrimination in Hiring
Practices in Psychology", in R. K. Unger and F. L. Denmark, eds.,
_Women: Dependent or Independent Variable_ Psychological Dimensions,
New York. 1975.

Franklin, Phyllis, et al. "Sexual and Gender Harassment in the
Academy: A Guide for Faculty, Students and Administrators",
Commission on the Status of Women in the Profession, The Modern
Language Association of America, New York, NY. 1981.

Frenkel, Karen A. "Women and Computing", _Communications of the
ACM_, November 1990, 34-46.

Gerver, E. "Computers and Gender". In Forester, Tom, ed. _Computers in
the Human Context_. pp481-501.  MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1989.  Basil
Blackwell, Oxford, 1989.

Gilbert, Lucia A., June M. Gallessich, and Sherri L. Evans. "Sex of
Faculty Role Model and Students' Self-Perceptions of Competency",
_Sex Roles: A Journal of Research_, 9 (1983) 597-607.

Gornick, Vivian. _Women in Science: 100 Journeys into the Territory_,
Touchstone, Simon & Schuster, New York.  1990.

Grinstein, Louise S. and Paul J. Campbell, eds. _Women in Mathematics.
A Bibliographic Sourcebook_.  Greenwood Press, Westport, Connecticut.
1987.
    Describes ~50 women who were prominent in mathematics. Computer
    science is considered part of math since Grace Hopper and Ada
    Lovelace are included.  The editors wanted to give a historical
    perspective of women's role in mathematics so they have only
    considered women born before 1930.

Gries, David, and Dorothy Marsh.  "The 1989-90 Taulbee Survey",
_Communications of the ACM_, Vol.  35, No. 1, 1992.
    A survey of professors across the nation.  Statistics.  In
    particular, addresses what the survey tells us about women in
    academia.

Gries, David and Dorothy Marsh.  "CS Produced 734 Ph.D.s in 1989-90;
CE Adds 173 for a Total of 907", _Computing Research News_, January
1991, 6-10.

Gross, Jane. "Female Surgeon's Quitting Touches Nerves at Medical
School", The New York Times, July 14, 1991, page 10.  

Hacker, Sally L. _Doing it the hard way_. Unwin Jyman, Boston. 1990.

Hacker, Sally L. _Pleasure, power and technology_. Unwin Hyman,
Boston.  1989.

Hacker, Sally L., "Mathematization of Engineering: Limits on Women and
the Field", in Joan Rothschild, ed., _Machina ex Dea: Feminist
Perspectives on Technology_. Pergamon Press, New York. 1983. pages 38-
58.
...

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