Ngu+~ vu+.ng Ha'n-Vie^.t - Anh - Vie^.t, Sino-Viet English Vietnamese Glossary
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Gia'o su+ Die^.u Ta^`n Nguye^~n Tinh Ve^.
Ngo^n ngu+~ Vie^.t Nam bi. a?nh hu+o+?ng sa^u dda^.m ngo^n ngu+~ Trung Quo^'c.
Theo nhie^`u nha` ngo^n ngu+~ ho.c Vie^.t Nam cho bie^'t co' dde^'n 40% tu+`
Vie^.t Nam ddang su+? du.ng la` mu+o+.n cu?a ngo^n ngu+~ Trung Quo^'c. So^' co`n
la.i la` nhu+~ng tie^'ng go^'c Mu+o+`ng, Tha'i, Malaysian, Khmer va` Nam -DDa
dda?o.*
Trong so^' bo^'n mu+o+i pha^`n tra(m tu+` vay mu+o+.n ddo', mo^.t so^' dda~
ddu+o+.c Vie^.t ho'a, so^' co`n la.i va^~n du`ng nguye^n theo ca'ch vie^'t cu?a
Trung Quo^'c nhu+ng phie^n a^m ra tie^'ng Vie^.t, ne^n go.i la` Ha'n-Vie^.t.
So^' tu+` dda~ ddu+o+.c Vie^.t ho'a kho^ng vie^'t ba(`ng Ha'n ngu+~ nu+~a -ta^'t
nhie^n- va` bie^'n ddo^?i ha(?n, ke^? ca? ca'ch pha't a^m va` vie^'t, ddo^i khi
co`n kha'c nghi~a nu+~a, ne^'u kho^ng co' tu+` ddie^?n ta^`m nguye^n thi` kho'
co' the^? bie^'t ddu+o+.c. So^' tu+` go.i la` Ha'n-Vie^.t co' tu+` mo^.t chu+~
dde^'n 2,3 chu+~ va` nhie^`u ho+n nu+~a. Nhu+~ng tu+` ke'p va` cu.m tu+` ddo',
chu'ng to^i kho^ng ghi che'p va`o dda^y, bo+?i ne^'u la`m va^.y pha?i soa.n
tha`nh mo^.t tu+` ddie^?n lo+'n kha' da`y va` ma^'t nhie^`u co^ng phu, ma^'t
nhie^`u tho+`i gian.
Nha(`m mu.c ddi'ch tie^.n du.ng tham kha?o cho ca'c gia'o su+ gia?ng da.y
tie^'ng Vie^.t va` cho sinh vie^n My~ hay cho sinh vie^n My~ go^'c Vie^.t tra
cu+'u tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t. Qua kinh nghie^.m 18 na(m gia?ng da.y tie^'ng Vie^.t cho
sinh vie^n My~ va` ho.c sinh, sinh vie^n My~ go^'c Vie^.t, chu'ng to^i bie^'t
ho. ga(.p nhie^`u kho' kha(n vo+'i tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t, nha^'t la` tu+` lo+'p trung
ca^'p tro+? le^n.
Sau dda^y la` nhu+~ng ddie^?m chu'ng to^i chu? tru+o+ng khi vie^'t cuo^'n ngu+~
vu+.ng na`y:
a. Chi? ghi che'p nhu+~ng tu+` ddo+n, ddu+'ng mo^.t mi`nh. Sinh vie^n co' the^?
du`ng suy lua^.n ti`m hie^?u nhu+~ng cu.m tu+` co' hai tu+` tro+? le^n.
b. Mo^.t tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t thu+o+`ng co' nhie^`u nghi~a kha'c nhau, o+? dda^y
chi? cho.n ra nhu+~ng tu+` co' nghi~a theo ca'ch du`ng cu?a ngu+o+`i Vie^.t Nam.
c. Kho^ng co' cao vo.ng ghi che'p dda^`y ddu? 100% tu+` ddo+n Ha'n-Vie^.t.
d.Vi` la` tie^'ng Vie^.t, da`nh cho ngu+o+`i ho.c tie^'ng Vie^.t ne^n kho^ng ghi
chu' ba(`ng Ha'n ngu+~.
e.Loa.i bo? nhu+~ng tu+` co^?, ra^'t i't du`ng trong va(n chu+o+ng va` ddo^'i
thoa.i hie^.n nay. Thi' du. se~ kho^ng ghi che'p nhu+~ng tu+` lie^n he^. dde^'n
tha^`n tha'nh, truye^`n thuye^'t, trie^`u ddi`nh vua quan thuo+? xu+a.
*1. Ha'n-Vie^.t Tha`nh ngu+~, Bu+?u Ca^n, a^'n ba?n thu+'` nha^'t 1933, ba`i
Tu+.a cu?a Pha.m Quy`nh, ta'i ba?n 1971, Sa`i Go'n- 2. Nguo^`n go^'c Ma~ Lai
cu?a da^n to^.c Vie^.tNam, Bi`nh Nguye^n Lo^.c, trang 642, Sa`i Go`n 1971, Xua^n
Thu ta'i ba?n
A
a: la(n va`o, sa^'n va`o (intrude) Chu'ng no' a va`o gia^.t ddo^`
a?: co^ a?, co^ ga'i (girl, gal) A? ddo' mo+'i 19 tuo^?i
a'c: hung du+~ (cruel) Ti'nh no' a'c la('m
am: no+i tho+` phu+o+.ng nho? (small pagoda) Co' mo^.t ca'i am nho? sau vu+o+`n
a'm: kho^ng ro~ ra`ng, mo+` a'm (secret/, e^m la(.ng (quiet, peaceful)
an: Chu'ng to^i so^'ng an la`nh
a'n: nga(n la.i, cha(.n la.i/ vu. a'n (stop, block, obstruct/ courtY.s case)
Ca^y co^'i a'n ma^'t ta^`m nhi`n. Vu. a'n ddo' chu+a xu+?
a'nh: tia sa'ng (light, beam/ sunlight) Au`nh sa'ng lo.t va`o pho`ng
a?nh: hi`nh, bo'ng (photograph, picture) Bu+'c a?nh ma`u dde.p qua'!
a'ch: a'ch ca`y (yoke) Tra^u ke'o ca`y pha?i ddeo a'ch
ao: cho^~ dda^'t lo~m xuo^'ng (pond) Sau nha` co' ao ca'
a'o a'o ma(.c che nu+?a tha^n tre^n/ lo+'p bao ngoa`i (shirt, blouse/ a cover)
Ma(.c the^m a'o cho a^'m/ Co' lo+'p bo^.t la`m a'o bo.c ngoa`i
a?o: ma^.p mo+`, kho^ng tha^.t (unrealistic/ blurred) Bu+'c a?nh dda~ cu~, ne^n
nhi`n mo+` a?o
a'p: dde` ne'n, ke`m giu+~/ e'p sa't va`o (oppress, tyrannize) Chu'ng a'p dda(.t
chi'nh sa'ch nghie^.t nga~? Ho. ngo^`i a'p va`o tu+o+`ng
a^m: tie^'ng, gio.ng/ gio^'ng ca'i/ to^'i, ki'n (voice, sound/ female/dark,
closed) A^m a^'y nghe kho^ng ro~/ sao o+? dday a^m (u) qua' va^.y?/ DDa`n ba`
la` a^m, dda`n o^ng la` du+o+ng
a^'m (a'): Vie^.t ho'a tha`nh a^'m o+' (non-committal/ hum and haw) a^'m o+' co'
hai nghi~a: No'i u', o+' kho^ng ra tie^'ng, kho^ng co' nghi~a/ Pha't bie^?u
kho^ng hie^?u su+. vie^.c, no'i la.c dde^`
a^n: o+n (favor/ owned a favor) To^i mang o+n o^ng ta
a^'n: in a^'n/ con da^'u, trie^.n (print/ seal) Quye^?n sa'ch in a^'n ra^'t
dde.p/ Tu+o+'ng Ta`u bo? ca? a^'n ma` cha.y
a^?n: gia^'u ki'n/ la'nh ma(.t (hide) Con me`o a^?n mi`nh sau ca'nh cu+?a/ O^ng
a^'y ba^y gio+` o+? a^?n
a^?u (ta?): mu+?a va` ddi tie^u cha?y (vomit and dysentery) Tre^n a^?u/tho^?
du+o+'i ta?. Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: a^?u co' nghi~a : la`m
do+ ba^?n, bu+`a ba~i, kho^ng ca^?n tha^.n = No' la`m vie^.c a^?u la('m!
a^'p: xo'm nho?, du+o+'i ca^'p la`ng xa~ (hamlet) A^'p A co' 30 no'c gia
a^u: ca'i cha^.u nho?, a?ng nho? (bowl, urn) Ca'i a^u ba(`ng dda^'t nung. Ca'i
a^u ddu+.ng tra^`u cau, la`m ba(`ng ddo^`ng thau
B
ba`: me. cu?a cha/ me.(grand mother) Ba` anh X na(m nay 70 tuo^?i ro^`i
ba': mo^.t loa.i tho^ng (rose wood) Ca^y ba' cu`ng ho. vo+'i ca^y tu`ng ca^y
tho^ng
ba'c: kho^ng u+ng, kho^ng thu+`a nha^.n (refuse, deny) DDo+n cu?a anh bi. ba'c
ro^`i
ba.c: ba.c/nho? nhen, coi re? (silver/ scanty, ingratitude/ fade) Ba.c kho^ng
dda('t ba(`ng va`ng/ No' a(n o+? ba.c la('m/ Co' chu't le^~ ba.c, bie^'u o^ng
ba.ch: tra('ng (white) Con co` tra('ng ba.ch nhu+ vo^i
ba`i: va^.t du.ng nhu+ ca'i the? la`m ba(`ng gia^'y, go^~, nga` . ./ ba`i ho.c
(card/ text, exercise) O^ng X thi'ch dda'nh ba`i
ba.i: thua, lie^.t ho?ng (failed/ lost) Em a^'y bi. ba.i mo^.t cha^n/ DDo^.i
the^? thao X thua na(.ng
ba~i: nghi?/ de.p bo u?(dismiss/ cancel) Ho.c sinh ddang nghi~ ba~i tru+o+`ng/
Lua^.t ddo' dda~ ddu+o+.c ba~i bo? ro^`i
ban: co' ddo^'m, lang lo^?, ca^'p pha't, ban cho/ nho'm ngu+o+`i la`m cu`ng
mo^.t nghe^`. Ban tie^'p ta^n la`m vie^.c kha' me^.t. Mie^`n Nam du`ng nguye^n
tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t : ban co' nghi~a la` nhu+~ng cha^'m ddo? hay tra('ng, mo^.t
be^.nh tre? con thu+o+`ng ma('c pha?i = Ban ddo?, ban tra('ng
ba`n: ca'i ba`n/ ho?i ky~ ca`ng (table/ discuss) Ca'i ba`n la`m ba(`ng go^~
quy'/ To^i ca^`n ba`n the^m vo+'i anh
ba?n: go^'c, dda^`u mo^'i, to+` (copy/ your own/ original) Ba?n vie^'t tay
kho^ng ddu+o+.c ro~/
ba?n tha^n to^i kho^ng thi'ch chuye^.n ddo'
ba.n: ngu+o+`i ba.n, ba.n be` (friend) Hai ngu+o+`i la` ba.n cu`ng lo+'p
ba^`n: nghe`o (poor) Gia ddi`nh ddo' ba^`n tu'ng la('m
bang: xu+', nu+o+'c (state, country) Anh so^'ng o+? bang na`o?
ba?ng: ta^'m ba?ng (board) Tre^n ba?ng co' ddi'nh to+` tho^ng ca'o
ba'ng: cho^'ng ddo^'i (against) No' cho^'ng ba'ng to^i. Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n
nghi~a Ha'n-Vie^.t: ba'ng nhu+ tra^u du`ng su+`ng hu'c ngu+o+`i
bao: bao bo.c/ ca'i bao/ go^`m ca? ( to cover/ envelop/ including/ bag) To^i
pha?i bao ca'i na`y la.i/ cho to^i mo^.t ca'i bao thu+/ Gia' ve' bao ca?
chuye^.n a(n uo^'ng
ba`o: gi~a^y, go.t ba`o ddi (plane, smooth with a plan) Pha?i ba`o cho nho? ddi
ba'o: con beo/ to+` ba'o/ ba?o cho bie^'t/ tra? la.i ( panther/ newspaper,
magazine/ report/ payback) Con ba'o chayi~ ra^'t nhanh/ To+` ba'o na`y co'
nhie^`u tin tu+'c/ Anh A ba'o cho anh B hay/ Pha?i ba'o o+n cha me.
ba.o: du+~ to+.n/ can dda?m (ferous/ courageous ) Te^n cu+o+'p ddo' ba.o
ngu+o+.c la('m/ Thanh nie^n ddo' ra^'t ba.o da.n
ba.t: ba`i phu. o+? cuo^'i quye^?n sa'ch/ ru't le^n, nho^? le^n/ nhanh le.
(afterword/ pull out/ fast) Lo+`i ba.t trong sa'ch kha' hay/ Ne^n ba.t bu.i ca^y
ddo' ddi/ Cha.y nhu+ ba.t gio'. Vie^t Nam du`ng ba.t nhu+ mo^.t ti'nh tu+` thay
vi` mo^.t ddo^.ng tu+`
ba't: che'n, to^ (bowl) O^ng a^'y a(n ba ba't co+m
ba^`n: nghe`o (poor) Gia ddi`nh ddo' ba^`n tu'ng la('m
ba^u: tu. ho.p dde^'n ddo^ng (get together, concentrate) DDa`n ruo^`i ba^u la.i
ca'i ddi~a
ba('c: phu+o+ng ba('c (north, northern) Mie^`n ba('c co' bo^'n mu`a
ba(ng: nu+o+'c la.nh ddo^ng la.i, cha?y ma'u nhie^`u, va?i buo^.c ve^'t thu+o+ng
(frozen/ hemorrhage/ bande) Co^ X cho+i the^? thao tru+.o+t ba(ng/ Ba` A bi.
la`m ba(ng/ Du`ng ba(ng buo^.c la.i ve^'t thu+o+ng
ba(`ng: chu+'ng co+'/ ca(n cu+' theo . ../ ba(`ng ca^'p (evidence, proove/ base
on. . ./ diploma, certificate) La^'y gi` la`m ba(`ng?/ Ba(`ng va`o lo+`i cu?a
o^ng B. ../ ) O^ng C co' ba(`ng dda.i ho.c
be^': ddu+o+.c ye^u chuo^.ng (belove, like). Vie^.t Nam du`ng be^' nhu+ mo^.t
ddo^.ng tu+`: be^' tre^n tay dde^? to? lo`ng ye^u me^'n, chie^`u chuo^.ng (hold
in oneY.s arm). Ba` be^' cha'u ru cha'u ngu?
be^.: cho^~ dde^? tho+`, ba^.c the^`m (platform, pedestal/ step) Ca('m hu+o+ng
tre^n be^. tho+`/ Ngo^`i tre^n be^. cu+?a
be^.nh: ddau o^'m (sick, desease) No' bi. be^.nh tu+` mo^.t tua^`n nay. Mie^`n
Nam Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: be^.nh
bi`: bi` thu+/ bao/ da (envelop/ wrapping/ skin) Cho to^i ca'i bi` thu+/ Mo'n
ha`ng na`y bi. ra'ch bao bi` ro^`i/ ddi~a gio` bi` na`y kho^ng ngon. Vie^.t Nam
du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t dde^? chi? da lo+.n
bi.: chi.u, ma('c pha?i (to bear, get unpleasant thing) O^ng Y bi. be^i~nh ho
bi?: do+ ba^?n, he`n (dirty/ disdane, depise) No' bi? ma(.t anh X (coi
thu+o+`ng, la`m xa^'u)
bi': giu+~ ki'n, bi' ma^.t (secret, confidence) Pha?i giu+~ bi'(ma^.t) chuye^.n
na`y. Vie^.t Nam du`ng bi' nhu+: bi' ho+i, ta('c nghe~n. Co+` ga(.p nu+o+'c bi'.
Bi' lo^'i ra
bi~: kho^ng tho^ng, bi. ta('c (unlucky, trouble) Ga(.p co+n bi~, tha^.t kho'
xoay tro+?
bie^'m: che^ bai, che^ cu+o+`i (speak scornfully) No' bie^'m nhe~ anh Y ve^` vu.
ddo'
bie^.n: sa('p dda(.t, lo lie^.u/ bie^'u xe'n (display, arrange/ offer a gift)
Te^'t dde^'n pha?i ba`y bie^.n ba`n tho+`/ Pha?i bie^.n mo^.t qua` mo+'i xong
bie^n: ghi che'p (take note, write down) Ne^n bie^n so^? cho ra`nh ma.ch. Mie^`n
Nam du`ng bie^n nhu+ ddu+o+`ng vie^`n, ddu+o+`ng ven, ranh gio+'i (boundary,
border)
bie^'n: ma^'t ddi, kho^ng co`n nu+~a/ tai va. xa?y ra ( disappear, unusual/
change into/ evenment) Mo'n tie^`n a^'y bie^'n ma^'t/ ca'i mu~ bie^'n tha`nh con
chim/ co' bie^'n ro^`i, nguy la('m!
bie^.t: rie^ng, dda(.c bie^.t (separate, special) Pha?i ca'ch bie^.t ho. ra/ Anh
o+? trong tru+o+`ng ho+.p dda(.c bie^.t
bie^?u: ba?ng ghi/ to? ra, ba`y ra (board/ express, utter) Co' ta^'m bie^n treo
o+? ngoa`i/ To^i bie^?u/ ba?o nhu+ng no' kho^ng nghe
bie^'u: ta(.ng, da^ng qua` (offer/ give a gift) Anh A bie^'u qua` cha me.
binh: thuo^.c ve^` nha` binh, qua^n su+., li'nh, (militay/ a private) Co^ng
vie^.c nha` binh ca^`n ga^'p ru't/ Anh B la` binh nha^'t
bi`nh: ye^n o^?n/ dde^`u nhau/ kha' (peaceful/ equal/ rather good/ vase) Ba^y
gio+` la` tho+`i bi`nh/ Hai be^n bi`nh nhau (ba(`ng nhau) / Ho.c sinh A ddu+o+.c
ddie^?m binh/ Cu. X co' ca'i bi`nh quy'
bi.nh: xem Be^.nh
bo^': va?i tho^ (calico, canvas). Na(`m tre^n ghe^' bo^'. Mie^`n Nam du`ng
nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: bo^' dde^? chi? va?i tho^, so+.i to tho^i
bo^.: ddi ba(`ng hai cha^n/ mo^.t bo^. go^`m nhie^`u chie^'c/ bo^. trong chi'nh
phu? (walk/ a set/ ministry, department) DDi bo^. dde^? ta^.p the^? du.c/ Bo^.
a^'m che'n dde.p/ Bo^. Gia'o du.c dda~ ra va(n thu+
bo^?: bu` va`o cho^~ thie^'u/ sung va`o chu+'c vu. (revise, amend / assign/)
Thuo^'c bo^? na`y to^'t la('m/ O^ng A ddu+o+.c bo^? va`o chu+'c vu. mo+'i
bo^`i: giu'p the^m, bo^`i dda('p, vun bo'n (pile up/ strengthen) No' dda'nh
bo^`i the^m ma^'y ddo`n/ So^ng bo^`i dda('p phu` sa
bo^.i: ga^'p hai, ga^'p nhie^`u la^`n/ bo^.i o+n, bo^.i ti`nh (double, multiple)
Lu+o+ng o^ng A ga^'p bo^.i lu+o+ng o^ng B/ No' la` ddu+'a bo^.i o+n
bo^`n: ca'i cha^.u, ca'i gie^.m (tub, sink) Bo^`n ta('m co' tra'ng men xanh
nha.t
bo^?n: xem Ba?n
bo^.n: ho.p la.i, gom la.i (gather/ multiple/ a lot of . ..) Mie^`n Nam du`ng
bo^.n, giu+~ nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: Na(m nay lu'a thu hoa.ch bo^.n. Ha('n
kie^'m ddu+o+.c bo^.n ba.c
bo^`ng: mui thuye^`n lo+.p ba(`ng la' (boat with palm leave roof) DDi tre^n
mo^.t chie^'c thuye^`n bo^`ng
bo^?ng: tie^`n lu+o+ng (salary, wages) Vie^.t Nam du`ng bo^?ng nhu+ mo^.t so^'
tie^`n kie^'m ddu+o+.c de^~ da`ng, ne^n co' chu+~ bo^?ng ngoa.i.
bo^.t: ba'nh ba(`ng bo^.t, kho^ng co' nha^n (ga.o, lu'a mi`. ..) Ba'nh bo^.t
lo.c, ba'nh bo^.t chie^n. Tu+` ddo' du`ng bo^.t la` nhu+~ng cha^'t dda~ ddu+o+.c
xay, gia~, nghie^`n ra (in powder, flour)
bu't: ca'i bu't, ca^y vie^'t (pen) Bu't bi tie^.n du.ng ho+n bu't mu+.c
bu+'c: ta^'m, ma?nh hi`nh vuo^ng hay chu+~ nha^.t (plank, a classifier for
picture, painting. ..) Bu+'c a?nh chu.p chung ca? gia ddi`nh
C
ca: ca ha't (sing, song) Co^' a^'y ha't hay qua'! Ba`i ha't X dda~ no^?i tie^'ng
ca?: co' the^?, ta^'t ca?, go^`m ca? (possible/ total/ include) Ca? anh nu+~a,
anh cu~ng pha?i ddi/ La`m he^'t, kho^ng tru+` ai ca?
ca'c: mo^~i, nhu+~ng (plural particle) Ca'c ddo^` du`ng na`y kho^ng be^`n.
ca'ch: nga(n ca'ch/ ca'ch thu+'c/ xa ca'ch ( separated/ divided/ far away) Hai
be^n
ca'ch nhau bu+'c tu+o+`ng/ To^i va` anh a^'y xa ca'ch nhau/ La`m ca'ch na`o cho
nhanh?
cai: ddu+'ng dda^`u/ bao qua't (lead/ over all) O^ng cai tho+. ne^`
ca?i: thay ddo^?i/ su+?a chu+~a (repair, reform, transform) Ho. ca?i la.i cho
ho+.p tho+`i
cam: ca^y, qua? cam/ cam lo`ng (orange/ content oneself with. ..) Qua? cam na`y
ngo.t/ O^ng A dda`ng cam lo`ng chi.u va^.y
ca?m: ddo^.ng lo`ng/ bi. ca?m (sentimental/ fever) Anh A ca?m co^ B/ Ra ngoa`i
mu+a bi. ca?m
can: can ra/ lie^n he^. dde^'n( interfere/ related) Pha?i can ca? hai be^n/ Can
gi` dde^'n anh ma` anh no'i?
ca'n: chuo^i (handle) Ca^`m dda(`ng chuo^i, kho^ng ai ca^`m dda(`ng lu+o+~i
ca?n: giu+~ la.i (stop, bar) Ho. du+.ng mo^.t ra`o ca?n
ca?ng: cu+?a bie^?n, cu+?a kha^?u (port, harbor) Ca?ng Sa`i Go`n ta^'p na^.p
ta`u ngoa.i quo^'c
canh: ddo^` a(n co' nu+o+'c/ canh pho`ng (soup/ guard) Cho to^i mo^.t ba't canh/
Ngo^`i canh no^`i ba'nh chu+ng
ca'nh: lo canh ca'nh (very, haunting, harriyng) Ba` Y cu+' lo canh ca'nh be^n
lo`ng. Vie^.t Nam dda~ Vie^.t ho'a ca'nh dda(.t tha`nh tu+` ke'p: canh ca'nh
ca?nh: phong ca?nh, ca?nh tu+o+.ng (scenary) DDi du li.ch ddu+o+.c xem nhie^`u
ca?nh dde.p
cao: thuo^'c cao/ cao lo+'n/ ki'nh tro.ng (glue medecine/ tall/ respect highly)
Du`ng thuo^'c cao da'n mu.n/ O^ng Y ta'c cao lo+'n. To^i dda'nh gia' cao o^ng X
ca'o: thu+a gu+?i, to^' ca'o/ tri`nh cho bie^'t (report/ notify/ denounce) No'
ca'o gian, ha.i ngu+o+`i
ca(n: vo^'n, go^'c (root/ base/ primary) Anh a^'y ho.c ha`nh kho^ng co' ca(n
ca^`m: ba('t, na('m, giu+~ ba(`ng tay (grasp/ hold/ detain) O^ng a^'y bi. ca^`m
cha^n. Vie^. Nam du`ng ca^`m nhu+ ca^`m ba(`ng tay, trong khi ca^`m co' nghi~a
la` bi. giu+~ bi. ba('t
ca^'m: nga(n/ kie^ng/ ddo'ng, kho'a la.i (prohibit/ closed/ locked) Ca^'m qua
la.i/ Ba'c si~ ca^'m be^.nh nha^n a(n ma(.n
ca^n: ca^n ta co' 16 la.ng (oriental weight) Ke? ta'm la.ng, ngu+o+`i nu+?a ca^n
ca^`n: pha?i co', kho^ng co' kho^ng ddu+o+.c (need/ must) Ca^`n pha?i co' the?
ca(n cu+o+'c
ca^.n: ga^`n/ tha^n thie^'t (closed/ next to). Co^ a^'y ca^.n ke^` vo+'i gia'm
ddo^'c. Mie^`n Nam thu+o+`ng du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t : Nha` anh X ca^.n
nha` to^i.
ca^'p: cho/ giu'p/ pha't cho (issue/ give/ donate) Gia^'y na`y ca^'p mie^~n phi'
ca^.p: va`o be^'n , ghe' be^'n (come, arrive) Ta`u ca^.p be^'n Ha?i Pho`ng
ca^.t: ra'ng su+'c (try hard, working hard) O^ng X la`m vie^.c ca^.t su+'c
ca^u: ke'o, da^~n/ mo'c la^'y/ ca^u (lead/ pull/ hook/ to fish) Hie^.u a^'y
ddang ca^u kha'ch. To^i ddi ca^u ca'
ca^`u: qua? ca^`u/ ti`m kie^'m/ xin, ye^u ca^`u (globe/ demand/ request) Tra'i
dda^'t hi`nh ca^`u/ Ca^`u tro+`i kha^'n Pha^.t/ ba` a^'y ca^`u co' con
co^: chi./ em ga'i cu?a cha/ con ga'i chu+a cho^`ng (aunt/ miss/ unmarried
woman) Ngu+o+`i a^'y la` co^ cu?a o^ng a^'y/ Co^ X vu+`a gio?i vu+`a dde.p
co^': co^' y', chu? ta^m (determined, be resolved) Tuy bie^'t la` sai, no' co^
y' la`m the^'
co^?: xu+a, cu~ (old/ antique) Ca'i ba't a^'y co^? la('m
co^'i: ca^y co^'i (tree, plant/ bush) Cho^~ ddo' ca^y co^i um tu`m. Vie^.t Nam
du`ng tu+` ke'p ca^y co^'i ddu'ng nghi~a la` ca^y va` co? mo.c ra^.m ra.p, vi`
co^'i la` co? ra^.m
co^n: he`o, roi/ ga^.y (bat, stick) No.c ra dda'nh cho ma^'y co^n
co^'t: ca'i tinh tu'y (essence). DDa^y la` nu+o+'c ma('m co^'t
co^ng: chung cho mo.i ngu+o+`i/ co^ng ba(`ng kho^ng tu+ vi. (pubic/, common/
fair) Kho^ng ne^n tham lam cu?a co^ng/ O^ng a^'y la` ngu+o+`i ra^'t co^ng ba(`ng
co^'ng: da^ng no^.p/ ta(.ng (offer to high ranking/ submit) Chuo^.t pha?i co^'ng
me`o
co^.ng: chung, cu`ng nhau (public/ addition) Ne^n co^.ng su+'c ma` la`m/ Ti'nh
co^.ng la` ti'nh de^~ la`m nha^'t
cu.c: co, cong la.i (clad) Bo^.t ddo'ng tha`nh cu.c. Vie^.t Nam du`ng nhu+ do'ng
tha`nh cu.c, cu+'ng va` tro`n
cung: hi`nh cong/ vu~ khi' ba('n ba(`ng te^n (curved line, bow) / DDu+o+`ng
vo`ng cung/ Con chim so+. cung te^n
cu`ng: cuo^'i he^'t, sau ro^'t/ cu`ng tu'ng (the last/ poor, miserable) Ai la`
ngu+o+`i cuo^'i?/ Gia ddi`nh a^'y bi. va`o ddu+o+`ng cu`ng.
cu'ng: ddo^` cu'ng te^' (worship/ offerings) DDi chu`a cu'ng Pha^.t
cuo^`ng: ddie^n khu`ng, ro^` da.i (crazy, mental desease) Anh X bi. be^.nh
cuo^`ng
cu+`: lo+'n, to nha^'t/ ddu+'ng dda^`u (biggest, best/ lead) Co^ A bo+i cu+`
la('m
cu+.: kho^ng chi.u, pha?n ddo^'i, cho^'ng la.i (resist, fight back) To^i ba?o
no', nhu+ng no' cu+. la.i to^i
cu+?: tie^'n da^~n, tie^'n cu+? (appoint) DDu+o+.c cu+? va`o chu+'c vu. ddo'
ra^'t ba^.n
cu+.c: ra^'t, la('m/ to^.t bu+.c (extreme, very, outstanding) Me. thu+o+ng con
cu`ng cu+.c. O^ng a^'y la` ngu+o+`i cu+.c to^'t
cu+o+'c: phi' to^?n ve^` va^.n ta?i (fee, freight) Tie^`n cu+o+'c to^'n 2000
ddo^`ng.
cu+o+ng: cu+'ng/ da^y cu+o+ng (firm, hard/ bridle) Ca'i nho.t ddang bi. cu+o+ng
le^n/ Pha?i
ca^`m cu+o+ng cho vu+~ng
cu+o+~ng: gu+o+.ng, cho^'ng la.i/ ba('t e'p (react/ force, compel) Con cu+o+~ng
la.i cha me./ Chu'ng cu+o+~ng e'p da^n nghe`o
cu+'u: giu'p ddo+~/ cu+'u chu+~a, (cha^m) cu+'u) (help/ save/ medical burning)
Xin cu+'u giu'p ngu+o+`i bi. na.n/ cuu' be^.nh nhu+ chu+~a lu+?a/ Du`ng la'
nga?i kho^ dde^? ddo^'t cu+'u
cha: bo^', ngu+o+`i cha (father, dad) Cha to^i va('ng nha`
cha`: xoa ngoa`i da (massage rub, scrub) Pha?i cha` xa't cho ma.nh
cha^m: ro't the^m, cha^m chi'ch (poor/ accupuncture) Cha^m a^'m tra` cho dda^`y/
pha?i ddi cha^m mo+'i kho?i
cha^?n: cu+'u giu'p/ kha'm be^.nh (give relief, diagnose) Pha't cha^?n cho na.n
nha^n/ Tha^`y lang cha^?n be^.nh cho ngu+o+`i o^'m
cha^'p: nha^.n (accept, do not mind) Anh A cha^'p anh B mo^.t qua^n ma~/ Kho^ng
ne^n cha^'p tre? con
cha^'t: lo+'n, thi.nh (big, prosperous) Vie^.t Nam du`ng tu+` ke'p cha^'t nga^'t
co' nghi~a la` cao la('m, ra^'t cao)
che^': ta.o ra, dda(.t ra (invent/ design/ funeral) Ho. che^' ra ma'y na`y/ Ai
che^' ra le^. na`y?/ Nha` do' ddang co' che^'. Mie^`n Trung va^~n du`ng nguye^n
tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t che^' dde^? chi? tang ma
chi: nga`nh nha'nh/ ca`nh ca^y (branch) Ho. Nguye^~n co' nhie^`u chi kha'c nhau/
Con ngu+o+`i co' bo^'n chi, hai cha^n va` hai tay
chi': cho dde^'n/ ra^'t/ to lo+'n (up to/ climb up to. ..) Mu`a xua^n cho chi'
mu`a ddo^ng/ O^ng no'i chi' pha?i
chi?: so+.i may a'o/chi? la`, chi? the^'/ chi? tay/ thread, yarn/only, unique/
to point) Va?i ma`u na`o chi? ma`u ddo'/ Chi? ca^`n mo^.t ngu+o+`i tho^i/ Pha?i
chi? cho ngu+o+`i ta
la`m/ DDu+`ng chi? tay na(m ngo'n.
chie^'m: ddoa.t, giu+~ la^'y (occupy, control) Chie^'m la~nh tho^?. Ca'n bo^.
chie^'m dda^'t cu?a da^n
chie^n: ca'i cha(n de^.t ba(`ng so+.i, ni?, da./ con chie^n (blanket made by
wool/ sheep). Cha(n chie^n a^'m la('m. Hie^`n nhu+ con chie^n/ cu+`u. Con
chie^n/ cu+`u cho lo^ng, ke'o tha`nh len de^.t cha(n, a'o. ..)
chie^'t: ca('t ra, tri'ch ra (separate/ cut/ excerpt) O^ng a^'y bie^'t chie^'t
ca^y/ Chie^'t ru+o+.u ra chi nho?.
chie^'u: soi sa'ng, a'nh sa'ng ma(.t tro+`i (radiate, to project) DDe`n chie^'u
va`o cho^~ to^'i/ AU`nh na('ng chie^'u va`o cu+?a so^?
chi'nh: pha?i, thi'ch dda'ng/ ngay o+? giu+~a( right/ main/ in the midle)
DDie^?m chi'nh cu?a buo^?i le^~ la`. ../Theo be^n chi'nh, kho^ng theo bo.n ta`/
DDi va`o cu+?a chi'nh
chi?nh: su+?a la.i cho ddu'ng, cho ngay (correct, adjust) Pha?i chi?nh la.i
ddo^`ng ho^`
chu?: ngu+o+`i ddu+'ng dda^`u, ngu+o+`i ca^`m dda^`u, ngu+o+`i co' quye^`n so+?
hu+~u (boss, owner) Ai la` la`m chu? o+? dday?/ Chu? mie^'ng dda^'t na`y ddi
va('ng
chua^?n: mu+.c thu+o+'c/ ddu'ng theo, nha('m theo (standard/ criterion) La^'y
ca'i ddo' la`m chua^?n dde^? ti`m hu+o+'ng/ Pha?i theo ddu'ng chua^?n mu+.c
chuye^n: chu' y'/ rie^ng ve^` mo^.t ma(.t, nga`nh (specialize/ attentive, pay
attention to. ..) O^ng a^'u`y chuye^n ve^` co^ng ta'c ddo'/ Em X ho.c ra^'t
chuye^n
chuye^?n: rung ddo^.ng/ do+`i ddi cho^~ kha'c/ truye^`n ddi (move/ move out/
transfer) Gio' lay chuye^?n vo`m la' / Anh A chuye^?n sang cho^~ kha'c ro^`i /
Xin chuye^? thu+ na`y dde^'n o^ng B
chung: ca'i che'n, ca'i tho^' (drinking glass, bowl) Mo+`i anh mo^.t chung
ru+o+.u. Mie^`n Nam va^~n du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t, chung la` che'n, ly
chu'ng: cho^~ ddo^ng ngu+o+`i, ta^'t ca?, chung (public/ plural pronoun) Chu'ng
to^i, chu'ng ta, chu'ng no')
chu+'c: pha^`n vie^.c, co^ng vie^.c pha?i la`m (position/ task) Anh giu~ chu+'c
vu. gi` o+? ddo'?
chu+ng: ha^'p, na^'u ca'ch thu?y (steam) Mo'n ca' chu+ng na`y ngon la('m! Mie^`n
Nam va^~n du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: chu+ng la` ha^'p
chu+'ng: nha^.n co' tha^.t/ ba(`ng co+' (certify/ prove) To`a a'n dda~ chu+'ng
la` ddu'ng ro^`i/ Kho^ng co' chu+'ng co+' gi` ca?
chu+o+'c: bo+'t/ ro't ra/ mie^~n (reduce/ excuse/ exempt, waive) Xin chu+o+'c
cho ca'i le^~ ddo'/ Xin chu+o+'c bo+'t gia^'y to+`. Vie^.t Nam du`ng chu+o+'c
trong tu+` ke'p cha^m
chu+o+'c co' nghi~a la` ro't the^m va`o va` ddo^? bo+'t ra
chu+o+ng: ddoa.n va(n (chapter) Xin ddo.c ky~ chu+o+ng ba
chu+o+'ng: ca'ch ro+`i/ kho^ng tho^ng nhau (obstacle/ separated/ block) Nhu+~ng
ddie^`u chu+o+'ng tai gai ma('t. Vie^.t Nam du`ng chu+o+'ng co' ti'nh tru+`u
tu+o+.ng, nhu+; Tha(`ng nho? ddo' chu+o+'ng la('m!
D
danh: te^n go.i/ danh du+. (name/ honor) Pha?i co' danh gi` vo+'i nu'i so^ng/
No' la`m ma^'t danh tie^'ng o^ng a^'y
da^m: tham sa('c du.c, da^m du.c (sex/ lew, sexual desire) O^ng X la` nguo+`i
ham da^m/ ma('t anh ta da^m la('m!
da^n: ngu+o+`i da^n (people) Da^n tha`nh pho^' qua' ddo^ng
da^~n: da('e^t/ ke^? ra la`m ba(`ng co+' (lead/ refer) Pha?i da^~n tre? em khi
qua ddu+o+`ng/ Theo sa'ch dda~ da^~n thi`. ..)
di: ro+`i ddi, chuye^?n dde^'n (move, transfer) La^'y mo'n chi na`y di sang mo'n
chi kha'c
di.: de^~/ qua'i la./ kho^ng gio^'ng nhau ( easy/ strange/ unsimilar) DDie^`u
ddo' (dung) di. la('m/ La`m the^' coi di. la('m (Mie^`n Trung va^~n du`ng
nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: di. = ky` la.
di.ch: be^.nh hay la^y, cu`ng tho+`i gian vo+'i nhie^`u ngu+o+`i/ thay ddo^?i/
bie^'n ddo^?i (epidermic/ change/ translate) Vu`ng ddo' ddang co' be^.nh di.ch
so^'t va`ng da/ Mo^.t na(m pha?i xe^ di.ch nhie^`u la^`n/ Di.ch tie^'ng Anh ra
tie^'ng Vie^.t
die^m: bao die^m/ ho^.p que.t (match) To^i mua mo^.t ho^.p die^m
die^.n: phu+o+ng die^.n (aspect) Anh thuo^.c va`o die^.n na`o trong vu. na`y?
die^.t: ma^'t, tie^u ma^'t (exterminate/ eliminate) Loa`i thu' ddo' dda~ bi.
die^.t he^'t ro^`i
dinh: /Doanh, tra.i qua^n li'nh (camp military, compound) Doanh tra.i li'nh
ga^`n bie^n gio+'i
dong: /Dung, bao dong (tolerate, leave unpunished) Ba'c a^'y co' dong no'
kho^ng?
do: duye^n co+'/ ly' do (cause, because/ by) Chuye^.n ddo' do ai ga^y ra?
du.: do^~ da`nh, da.y ba?o/ lu+`a do^'i, du. do^~ ( entice, lure) DDu+a vo~ng
du. ddu+'a be' ngu?/ Co^ ga'i bi. du. do^~. Mie^`n Nam va^~n du`ng nguye^n tu+`
Ha'n-Vie^.t: du. do^~
du.c: ham muo^'n, lo`ng ham muo^'n (desire, passion) Lu+?a du.c bo^'c le^n
duy: chi? co' mo^.t/ tuy (only one, unique) Duy chi? co' no' la` kho^ng ddi
du+o+ng: /Giu+o+ng, mo+? ra/ dang ra ( open, celebrate) Du+o+ng cao la' co+`
du~ng: can dda?m, du~ng ca?m (courageous, brave) Ca'i du~ng cu?a mo^.t chie^'n
si~
du+: thu+`a/ so^' le? (extra, excess) DDa^y la` so^' tie^`n co`n du+. Mie^`n Nam
va^~n du`ng tu+' Ha'n-Vie^.t; du+ = thu+`a
du+.: tham gia, tham du+. (participate, atend, join) Anh co' du+. bu+~a tie^.c
ddo' kho^ng?
du+o+.c: thuo^'c (medecine, drug) O^ng a^'y uo^'ng thuo^'c o+? cu+?a ha`ng
du+o+.c na`o?
du+o+~ng: nuo^i na^'ng, da.y do^~ (nourrish/ raise, bring up) Co^ a^'y ho.c
nga`nh du+o+.c
DD
dda?: dda'nh (beat, hit) No' dda? anh a^'y tre^n ma(.t ba'o
dda`i: dda`i ky? nie^.m / no+i dda'nh vo~( monument/ ring) Vo~ si~ dda~ nha?y
le^n dda`i/ DDa`i ky? nie^.m xa^y kha' to^'n tie^`n
dda.i: to lo+'n (huge, big, large) Ca'i ba'nh to dda.i (DDa.i ddu+o+.c du`ng
nhu+ mo^.t ti'nh tu+` cho to)
dda~i: ddo^'i xu+?, the^'t dda~i (to host, treat) Anh Y dda~i mo.i ngu+o+`i
mo^.t bu+~a pho+?. Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: dda~i dda(`ng =
ddo'n tie^'p, mo+`i a(n co+m. ..
dda?m: ga'nh va'c, nha^.n tra'ch nhie^.m (take the responsibility, take on/ to
bear) Co^ a^'y la` ngu+o+`i vo+. dda?m.
ddan: /DDo+n, mo?ng/ le? loi/ thuo^'c vie^n (thin/ lonely/ pill) aa('p cha(n
ddo+n/ Ba` X so^'ng ddo+n le?/ thuo^'c ddo+n de^~ uo^'ng ho+n thuo^'c thang
dda.n: vie^n dda.n ( bullet) No' ba('n lie^n tie^'p sa'u vie^n dda.n
dda'ng: thi'ch ho+.p, xu+'ng (appropriate/ reserve) Mua ca'i ddo' tha^.t dda'ng
tie^`n
dda?ng: phe, be` dda?ng (party) DDo' la` mo^.t dda?ng cu+o+'p
ddao: dao (knife) DDu+a ca^y ddao cho to^i; DDao to bu'a lo+'n
dda?o: lo^.n ngu+o+.c/ ho`n dda?o (controversary/ reverse) The^' co+` dda~
ddo^?i ngu+o+.c/ Ho`n dda?o ddo' kho^ng co' ngu+o+`i o+?
dda'p: tra? lo+`i (answer, reply) To^i dda~ dda'p lo+`i mo+`i ro^`i
dda.p: gia^~m cha^n le^n, dda.p le^n (step on) DDu+`ng dda.p le^n ca^y con,
mo+'i tro^`ng
dda.t: tha`nh tu+.u, to+'i ddu+o+.c ( get, reach) Sinh vie^n A dda.t ddu+o+.c
ddie^?m cao
dda^`u: ca'i dda^`u/ ngu+o+`i ddu+'ng dda^`u (head/ leader) DDo^.i mu~ tre^n
dda^`u/ Anh A la` ngu+o+`i ca^`m dda^`u
dda^.u: ta.m du+`ng la.i (stop by/ park) A(n nho+` o+? dda^.u, O^ng A dda^.u xe,
bu+o+'c xuo^'ng
dda^'u: cuo^.c tranh gia`nh ( bout/ rival) Cuo^.c dda^'u bo'ng se~ so^i no^?i
dde^: bo+` dda^'t cao dde^? cha(.n lu.t (dike) Mu+a ba~o lie^n mie^n, dde^ sa('p
vo+~
dde^`: dda^`u dde^`, mu.c (title/ subject) DDe^` thi na(m nay kho' la('e^m
dde^': cuo^'ng hoa/ cha^n ddu+'ng (stalk/ sole/ support) DDe^' hoa na`y me^`m/
ca'i cha^n ne^'n bi. ma^'t dde^'
dde^?: tu+` cho^'i/ xo^ ra/ bo? (refuse, deny/ divorce). Mie^`n Trung du`ng
nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: dde^? co' nghi~a la` bo?; O^ng a^'y dde^? vo+. (ly
di.)
ddi'ch: ca'i ddi'ch/ ddu'ng (objective/ legitime) Pha?i nha(`m va`o ddi'ch ma`
ba('n/ DDi'ch no' chu+' co`n ai nu+~a
ddi.ch: be^n cho^'ng la.i/ be^n pha?n ddo^'i (ennemy/ adversary/ flute) Be^n
ddi.ch bi. thua to/ Kho^ng ddi.ch no^?i no' dda^u/ Tie^'ng ddi.ch vi vu
ddie^'m: ngo.c co' ve^'t (hie^?u la` ddi~ )(prostitute) Co^ ddo' nghe`o qua'
pha?i la`m ddie^'m. Mie^`n Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: ddie^'m = ddi~
ddie^?m: mo^.t da^'u, cha^'m (point/ trace) Ho.c sinh A ddu+o+.c 9 ddie^?m/
Kho^ng co' ddie^?m na`o che^ ddu+o+.c
ddie^n; ma^'t tri' kho^n, khu`ng (crazy/ mental ill) Anh ddie^n ro^`i hay sao?
ddie^`n: bu` cho ddu?/ la^'p dda^`y (fill out/ fill in) Xin ddie^`n va`o ma^~u
ddo+n na`y
ddie^.n: ddie^.n, cho+'p (electricity, po+er) Anh X la`m nhanh nhu+ ddie^.n
ddie^u: do^'i tra', gian xa?o (lie, tricky) . No' la` ddu+'a hay no'i ddie^u.
Mie^`n Ba('c va^~n du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t
ddie^`u: ddie^`u khoa?n/ ddu+a ddi cho^~ kha'c/ ddie^`u khie^?n (section/ assign
to. .., manage) Trong ho+.p ddo^`ng co' 7 ddie^`u/ anh a^'y ddu+o+.c ddie^`u ddi
mie^`n ta^y. Tu+o+'ng X ddang dde^`u qua^n
ddie^'u: vie^'ng ngu+o+`i mo+'i tu+` tra^`n (condole on) DDi ddie^'u cu. X
ddie^.u: da^~n ddi, ddu+a ddi (march off) Co^ng an ddie^.u anh B ddi
ddinh: ca'i ddinh (nail) DDo'ng ddinh va`o tu+o+`ng
ddi`nh: ddi`nh la`ng, no+i tu. ho.p chung (common house/ interrupt) Ca'c cu. ra
ddi`nh le^~/ vie^.c ddo' ddi`nh la.i ro^`i
ddi'nh: ke`m/ kha^u, ddo'ng (sa'ch) (attach, bind, sew) DDi'nh ke`m co' to+`
ho^. kha^?u/
Vo+. ddi'nh khuy a'o cho cho^`ng
ddi.nh: u+o+'c ddi.nh, quye^'t ddi.nh (to plan, intend to/ decide) O^ng ddi.nh
la`m gi` nu+~a?/ DDa~ ddi.nh thi` cu+' the^' tie^'n ha`nh
ddi?nh: ca'i ddi?nh, va.c (urn) DDi?nh ddo^`ng na(.ng hai ngu+o+`i khie^ng mo+'i
no^?i
ddo.a: ho?ng, te^. ha.i (banish/ failed) Mie^`n Trung co`n du`ng nguye^n tu+`
Ha'n-Vie^.t: The^' la` ddo.a ro^`i = ga(.p chuye^.n kho' kha(n ro^`i. DDo.a
trong tu+` ke'p: ddo.a dda^`y
ddoa`n: bo.n, lu~, mo^.t so^' ddo^ng ngu+o+`i (group) DDoa`n ngu+o+`i ddang ddi
ddoa.n: mo^.t pha^`n, ddoa.n/ li~nh de^.t ba(`ng to+ ta(`m (part, portion/ thick
silk) Ca('t ra la`m ma^'y ddoa.n?/Cu. A ma(.c a'o ddoa.n
ddoa.t: chie^'m, cu+o+'p (occupy, rob) Te^n cu+o+'p ddoa.t chie^'c vi' cu?a co^
X. DDi.ch ddoa.t hai xa~ o+? bie^n gio+'i
ddo^.: chu+`ng, mu+.c (level, degree) Uo^'ng ru+o+.u dde^'n ddo^. na`o ddo'
tho^i/ Ho^m nay no'ng 90 ddo^. F
ddo^'a^c: cai qua?n, coi so'c (manage, control) O^ng X ddo^'c co^ng nha^n la`m
cho nhanh
ddo^.c: a'c/ kho^ng la`nh/ thuo^'c ddo^.c (cruel/ poison) Thuo^'c ddo^.c dda^'y,
nguy hie^?m la('m!/ No' la` ngu+o+`i ddo^.c (a'c)
ddo^'i: cho.i la.i, ca^n ddo^'i (answer, proportioned/ resist) To^i dda~ ddo^'i
la.i ba`i tho+ ddo' ro^`i/ Anh A ddo^'i cho.i vo+'i anh B
ddo^.i: nho'm, toa'n qua^n (team, a group of soldier) DDo^.i bo'ng X thua ddo^.i
bo'ng Y/ DDo^.i qua^n ddo' tha('ng tra^.n
ddo^`n: no+i ddo'ng qua^n (military base, fort) Qua^n si~ ddo'ng ddo^`n o+?
cha^n nu'i.
ddo^'a'n: suy ke'm/ hu+ ho?ng (deteriorate/ badly behaved) Tha(`ng X ba^y gio+`
(hu+) ddo^'n qua'! Mie^`n Ba('c va^~n du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: ddo^'n,
ddo^? ddo^'n = hu+ ho?ng
ddo^.n: ngu, da.i (stupid) No' dda^`n ddo^.n tu+` nho?
ddo^ng: phu+o+ng ddo^ng/ mu`a ddo^ng (east/ winter) Ma(.t tro+`i mo.c o+? phi'a
ddo^ng/ mu'a ddo^ng Vie^.t Nam kho^ng co' tuye^'t
ddo^`ng: gio^'ng nhau/ ba(`ng nhau/ mo^.t loa.i kim khi' (similar/ equal/
copper, bronze) Hai ngu+o+`i ddo^`ng mo^.t y' nghi~/ Hai ddo^.i ddo^`ng ddie^?m
nhau/ Co^ a^'y ddoa.t hai huy chu+o+ng ddo^`ng
ddo^.ng: hang nu'i/ lo^~ ho^?ng lo+'n/ kho^ng ye^n o^?n/ dde^` ca^.p dde^'n
(cave, big hole/ movable, unsafe/ touchable) DDe.p nhu+ ddo^.ng tie^n/ DDu+`ng
ddo^.ng tay, kho^ng
chi'ch ddu+o+.c/ Vu`ng ddo' co' ddo^.ng, kho^ng ne^n o+?/ DDu+`ng no'i ddo^.ng
dde^'n no'
ddo^.t: lo^`i le^n, ba^'t ngo+` (raise up/ surprise) Anh a^'y du`ng ma'y ddo^.t
sa('t/ Giu+~a lu'c mo.i ngu+o+`i im la(.ng, no' ddo^.t (ngo^.t) no'i lo+'n
ddo+n: chi? co' mo^.t mi`nh/ to+` ddo+n. To+` khai ( single, alone/ application,
form) O^ng X so^'ng ddo+n chie^'c/ la`m ddo+ng xin vie^.c ngay ddi!
ddu+o+ng: DDang/ chi.u tra'ch nhie^.m/ cho^'ng cho?i la.i ( ing form, presently/
in charge/ against) O^ng Y ddang la`m vie^.c ddo'/ No' ddu+o+ng dda^`u vo+'i
chu'ng ta/ To^i ddu? su+'c ddu+o+ng vu. a^'y. Mie^`n Ba('c du`ng nguye^n tu+`
Ha'n-Vie^.t : ddu+o+ng cai co' nghi~a la` ddu+'ng ra chiu. tra'ch nhie^.m to^?
chu+'c.
G
gia: the^m, ta(ng the^m/ nha`, gia ddi`nh (strenghthen, icrease/ home, family)
Xin gia the^m muo^'i va`o mo'n kho/ Gia ddi`nh ddo' so^'ng ho`a thua^.n. Mie^`n
Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t. Thi' du.: o^ng gia, ba` gia = bo^' vo+.
/cho^`ng; me. vo+. /cho^`ng; no'c gia = no'c nha`
gia': du`ng dde^? treo, ga'c / gieo, ca^'y, tro^`ng/ gia' tri. ( rack, stand/to
plant, sow/ quality) To^i dde^? mu~ tre^n gia'/ Vu oan gia' ho.a/ Ca'i a'o na`y
gia' bao nhie^u?
gia?: kho^ng tha^.t, vi' thu+? / gia? do^'i (false, forge / example / dishonest)
Ha`ng gia? dda^'y, coi chu+`ng! / Gi?a nhu+ no' kho^ng dde^'n thi` sao?/ Co^
ddo' gia? do^'i la('m!
gia?i : gia?i thu+o+?ng / co+?i ra/ thoa't kho?i / ca('t nghi~a ( prize /
release /solve / explain) O^ng X ddoa.t gia?i thu+o+?ng ve^` tho+ / Co^ a^'y
dda~ gia?i lo+`i the^` / Gia'o su+ ddang gia?i ba`i toa'n kho' / Tha`y gia'o
gia?i nghi~a chu+~ ddo' ro^`i. Mie^`n Ba('c co`n du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t;
ddi gia?i = ddi tie^?u tie^.n (cho thoa't nu+o+'c ra)
giam: tu`, ngu.c / bi.t, phong la.i (jail, prison / cover, wrap up) Con de^' bi.
giam trong ho^.p / No' ddang o+? trong nha` giam
gia?m: bo+'t, ru't bo+'t (reduce, decrease, demote) Lu+o+ng co^ng nha^n bi.
gia?m xuo^'ng
gian: do^'i tra', gia? do^'i ( fraud, lie) No' la` ddu+'a no'i do^'i / Ca'i vi'
bi. ke? gian la^'y ma^'t
gia'ng: ha. xuo^'ng, tu+` tre^n ro+i xuo^'ng/ gia'ng (ra'ng) ddo? ( abase /
descent/ the red cloud in the horizon) O^ng Y bi. gia'ng chu+'c / Anh X bi. nga~
ddau nhu+ tro+`i
gia'ng / Cha^n tro+`i co' gia'ng/ ra'ng ddo? ru+.c
gia?ng: ca('t nghi~a / ho`a gia?i (explain / discuss for peace) Nghe o^ng a^'y
gia?ng, em hie^?u he^'t / hai be^n dda~ gia?ng ho`a vo+'i nhau
giao: qua la.i vo+'i nhau / trao cho (submit / deliver / intersect) To^i giao
vie^.c cho anh Be^n A ddu+o+.c giao bo'ng tru+o+'c
gia'o: da.y ba?u.o/ da`n gia'o ( educate, teach / scaffolding) Tha`y gia'o da.y
ho.c sinh / Pha?i du+.ng da`n gia'o mo+'i xa^y nha` le^n ddu+o+.c.
gia?o: xa?o quye^.t / khua^'y qua^.y (rused / agitate) Gian gia?o qua' thi` i't
ba.n / DDa^y chi? la` nu+o+'c gia?o. Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t:
nu+o+'c gia?o la` nu+o+'c khua^'y, na^'u le^n la^`n thu+' nha^'t, kho^ng du`ng
ddu+o+.c
gia'p: ga^`n ca.nh, sa't be^n / a'o gia'p / mo^.t gia'p ( adjacent, next to /
armor / 12-year cycle)
Phi'a ba('c, Vie^.t Nam gia'p Trung Quo^'c / Pha?i ma(.c a'o gia'p khi ra tra^.n
/ Mo^.t gia'p co' 12 na(m
gio+'i: kie^ng, nga(n giu+~ (regime/ avoid/ a circle) Gio+'i tri' thu+'c kho^ng
ho+.p ta'c vo+'i ho. / To^n gia'o na`o cu~ng ke^u go.i ti'n ddo^` giu+~ gio+'i
H
ha': mo+? mie^.ng to ra(open wide/) Pha?i ha' to mo+'i nho^? ra(ng ddu+o+.c.
Vie.a^t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t; ha' mie^.ng; ve^'t thu+o+ng ha'
mie^.ng
ha`: ddie^`u la^`m lo^~i/ cho^~ ho+? (rotten/ mistake, corrupt / crack) Vie^.t
Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: cu? khoai lang bi. ha` (hu+, tho^'i, kho^ng
a(n ddu+o+.c)
ha.: du+o+'i, tha^'p/ bo+'t, gia?m/ mu`a ha. (below, low/ reduce/ summer) Co+n
so^'t dda~ ha. xuo^'ng/ ha`ng na`y ba'n ha. gia'/ mu`a ha. na`y no'ng ho+n na(m
ngoa'i
ha'c: hang ho^'c/ tro^'ng kho^ng (grotto/ empty) Ra.p ha't tro^'ng ho^'c tro^'ng
ha'c.
Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: ga^`y ho^'c ha'c, tu+` ke'p ho^'c
ha'c kho^ng pha?i la` tu+` la'y, vi` ha'c co' nghi~a ga^`y qua' xem nhu+ tro^'ng
kho^ng.
ha.c: con ha.c (flaminggo) Co' ha.c lo^ng tra('ng co' ha.c lo^ng ddo?
ha'ch: la`m ta`ng, ha'ch di.ch/ na.t no^./ ha(m do.a (authorative/ to threat)
Ca'n bo^. a^'y ha'ch la('m!
ha.ch: ho?i ky~, ha.ch ho?i (ask carefully, question) Ho. cu+' ha.ch anh ta ve^`
vie^.c ddo'
ha`i: gia`y co^? xu+a/ ke^? ra (oriental shoes/ retell) Co^ Y ddi ha`i ddo? /
Ho. ha`i to^.i o^ng Y du+~ qua'!
ha.i: kho^ng co' lo+.i, thie^.t (nuisant, harm/ damage) Tro+`i ha.i to^i ro^`i!/
Co+n ba~o ddo' ga^y ha.i kha' na(.ng
ha~i: khie^'p, so+. (fearful, scare) Anh X la`m to^i ha~i qua'!
ha`m: chiu., nga^.m (to bear/ to hold in the mouth). Anh A ha`m o+n o^ng B
ha~m: la`m ha.i/ xa^m nha^.p (oppress, to force) Qua^n ta va^y ha~m qua^n ddi.ch
ha.n: kho^ ca.n/ mu+'c ddo^. (drought/ limit) Ha.n xa?y ra o+? mie^`n Trung/
Uo^'ng ru+o+.u ne^n co' ha.n
ha`n: ha`n sa('t, du`ng lu+?a ddo^'t cha^'t mo+'i di'nh hai va^.t vo+'i nhau (to
heal, to weld) Kho^ng the^? ha`n ga('n la.i ddu+o+.c
ha`ng: chi.u thua/ ha`ng ho'a (surrender/ merchandise) Qua^n Nha^.t ha`ng qua^n
My~/ To^i ddi mua ha`ng o+? Sa`i Go`n
hao: mo`n, ke'm, vo+i (diminish, decrease) Tie^`n dde^? da`nh nga`y ca`ng bi.
hao ddi
Su+'c kho?e cu?a cu. bi. hao ke'm
ha~o: a?o, kho^ng tha^.t (unreal, not true) Ha~o ca?, cha(?ng co' gi` ddu'ng
su+. tha^.t!
ha`o: ca'i ha`o, ho^' da`i va` sa^u (trench) DDa`o ha`o ho^' dde^? tranh bom
dda.n
ha(`ng: thu+o+`ng, ha(`ng, luo^n (usual, permanent) To^i ha(`ng nghe no'i
ra(`ng. ..; DDo' la` chuye^.n thu+o+`ng nga`y
ha^'n: ga^y su+., khe^u chuye^.n (provoque, hostility) Nu+o+'c la'ng gie^`ng
ga^y ha^'n vo+'i ta
ha^.n: oa'n gia^.n (hate, feud) Co^ X ha^.n anh Y la('m!
ha^'p: hu't va`o, thu va`o (inhale/ absorb) DDa^.y na('p se~ bi. ha^'p ho+i.
Vie^t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: ha^'p la` chu+ng ha^'p ca'ch thu?y,
chi? ca^`n hu't la^'y ho+i no'ng
ha^.u: sau, ve^` sau (after, behind) Cu. a^'y co' mo^.t co^~ ha^.u (su+.) (a'o
quan)
ha^`u: co^? ho.ng (throat) Anh X cao va` lo^. ha^`u/ DDu+`ng bo'p ha^`u bo'p
co^? ngu+o+`i nghe`o
hi.ch: ba`i vie^'t/ ba`i ddo.c cu?a ca'c quan nga`y xu+a gu+?i dde^'n da^n
chu'ng ( KingY.s/
generalY.s announcement) Tra^`n Hu+ng DDa.o vie^'t hi.ch gu+?i ca'c tu+o+'ng si~
hie^`m: che^ nhau, ghe't nhau (hatred, rancor) Chi? hie^`m mo^.t ddie^`u la`.
../ Hai be^n co' mo^'i hie^`m tu+` la^u
hie^?m: nguy, ddie^?m quan tro.ng (dangerous, critical) Qua? o+'t hie^?m cay xe'
lu+o+~i/ DDa'nh va`o cho^~ hie^?m tre^n tha^n the^?
hie^n: ma'i nha` nho^ ra, che mu+a na('ng, he` co' ma'i che (verandah) Tru' mu+a
duo+'i ha`ng hie^n
hie^`n: to^'t la`nh, co' ti'nh to^'t/ kho^n ngoan (to be mild, kind/ wise) Ti'nh
ne^'t co^ a^'y hie^`n la('m/ Ti`m ddu+o+.c ngu+o+`i hie^`n tha^.t la` kho'
hie^.n: ba^y gio+`, nga`y nay/ ddang co' (current, now/ existent) Hie^.n nay
chu+a co' tin tu+'c gi`
hie^'n: da^ng, no^.p, ddu+a le^n (offer) Xin hie^'n o^ng mo^.t ke^'
hie^'p: hie^'p da^m/ a(n hie^'p (rape/ oppress) No' pha.m to^.i hie^'p co^ a^'y/
Chu'ng a(n hie^'p ke? ye^'u
hie^.p: / Ho+.p, ho`a ho+.p nhau (coordinate, join, accord, harmonize) Mo.i
ngu+o+`i trong nho'm ra^'t hie^.p nhau/ Bu+'c tranh ddo' ma`u ra^'t ho+.p nhau
hie^'u: thu+o+ng ye^u, xu+? to^'t vo+'i cha me. (dutiful, filial piety) Em X co'
hie^'u vo+'i cha me.
hie^.u: cu+?a ha`ng, tie^.m (store, shop) Hie^.u X ba'n qua^`n a'o gia' ha.
hie^?u: bie^'t (understand, know) Tha`y da.y, ho.c sinh hie^?u
hi`nh: a?nh, da'ng (picture, form) To^i xem hi`nh gia ddi`nh anh a^'y
hoa: hoa/ ga'i ddie^'m ( flower/ prostitute) Hoa ddo' vu+`a tho+m vu+`a dde.p/
Cho+i hoa xong nho+' tra? tie^`n
ho`a: ye^n o^?n/ ba(`ng nhau (peaceful/ equal) Ne^n ho`a mi`nh vo+'i mo.i
ngu+o+`i/ hai ddo^.i bo'ng ho`a nhau 2-2
ho'a: bie^'n, ho'a tha`nh (transform) Con nho^.ng ho'a tha`nh con nga`i
ho.a: ddo^'i la.i/ ve~/ tai va.(respond, answer/ to draw/ disaster) Ca'c thi si~
ho.a tho+ cu?a nhau/ O^ng a^'y ho.a tranh dde.p la('m!/ Mang ho.a va`o tha^n
hoa~n: khoan dung/ hoa~n la.i (forgiving/ postpone) O^ng Y co' tha'i ddo^. (
ho`a) hoa~n/ Vie^.c ddo' dda~ hoa~n la.i
hoa`n: vie^n tro`n/ tra? la.i (round tablet/ return) Hoa`n thuo^'c to ba(`ng
ho`n bi/ Xin hoa`n tie^`n la.i
hoang: dda^'t bo? kho^ng ca^`y ca^'y/ kho^ng ai nha^.n/ bo? (uncultivate/
illegitimate (child) Thu+?a ruo^.ng ddo' bo? hoang/ no' la` ddu+'a con hoang
hoa?ng: he^'t ho^`n, so+. qua' (u`panic) To^i nghe ddu+o+.c tin hoa?ng qua'!
ho.c: ho.c/ ba('t chu+o+'c (study, learn) Em be' ddi ho.c/ Con ke't ho.c no'i
ho^: ke^u to, la le^n (shout, scream) Co' tie^'ng ho^: Cha'y! cha'y nha`
ho^.: nha` o+?/ giu'p ddo+~ (household/ assist, help) Ba` a^'y la` chu? ho^./
Nho+` anh la`m ho^. to^i vie^.c na`y
ho^`: ao lo+'n/ keo da'n (lake/ glue) Ho^` Hoa`n Kie^'m o+? Ha` No^.i/ Ho^` na`y
di'nh la('m!
ho^?: con co.p (tiger) Con ho^? ddo' la` ho^? me.
ho^.c: va^.t du.ng dde^? ddong (basket) Mo^.t ho^.c tho'c co' mu+o+`i dda^'u
ho^`i: tro+? ve^`/ lu'c, mo^.t khoa?ng tho+`i gian (return/ period of time) Xin
ho^`i la.i ddi/ ho^`i tru+o+'c kha'c, ba^y gio+` kha'c
ho^'i: a(n na(n/ lo+`i da.y ba?o/ khie^'n (remorse/, repent/ encourage/
instruction) No' dda~ bie^'t ho^'i lo^~i ro^`i/ DDu+`ng ho^'i co^ a^'y qua'.
Mie^`n Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: ho^'i co' nghi~a nhu+ thu'c giu.c:
Ho^'i no' la`m le. le^n
ho^~n: lo^.n xo^.n/ la^~n lo^.n/ ro^'i loa.n, khua^'y ro^'i (chaos/ mixed/
confuse) Ti`nh tra.ng ho^~n loa.n. Vie^t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+ Ha'n-Vie^.t;
ho^~n co`n co' nghi~a la` ho^~n ha`o, ba^'t ki'nh vo+'i ngu+o+`i tre^n, gia`
ca?; Tha(`ng be' ho^~n la'o
ho^.i: ho.p, nhie^`u ngu+o+`i ga(.p nhau /mo^.t ho^.i/ nga`y le^~ ho^.i (
meeting, conference/ association/ holiday) Nga`y mai co' cuo^.c ho.p/ DDa^y la`
ho^.i tu+` thie^.n/ Nga`y ho^.i Lim vui la('m!
ho^n: pho^'i ho+.p giu+~a trai ga'i (marriage) Le^~ (tha`nh) ho^n se~ ba'o sau.
Vie^.t Nam du`ng ho^n theo nghi~a nhu+ ho^n nhau (kiss)
ho^`ng: ma`u ddo?u. nha.t/ ca^y ho^`ng/ hoa ho^`ng (pink/ persimon/ rose) AU`o
so+ mi ma`u ho^`ng/ Ca^y ho^`ng ra qua? ro^`i/ Hoa ho^`ng co' hu+o+ng tho+m
ho^'ng: la he't, la`m oai (yield, shout) Te^n a^y ho^'ng le^n du+~ do^.i
hue^.: hoa hue^. (tuberose) Co' bi`nh hoa hue^. tre^n ba`n tho+`
hu?y: bo?, pha' hu+ (destroy) Ho^` so+ ma^.t dda~ hu?y ddi ro^`i
huy'ch: ca~i nhau, no'i xa^'a^u nhau (dispute/ bad mouth) Vie^.t Nam du`ng
huy'ch the^m mo^.t nghi~a la` ddu.ng cha^.m tha^n the^?: du`ng khu?yu tay dda^?y
nhau, co' y' tranh da`nh, ba^'t ho`a vo+'i nhau: Chu'ng no' ddang huy'ch nhau
huye^`n: ma`u dden (black) Vo`ng ddeo tay ma`u huye^`n
huye^~n: chuye^.n kho^ng tha^.t/ kho' tin (imaginated, unreal) Chuye^.n huye^~n,
kho^ng the^? tin ddu+o+.c
huye^.n: khu vu+.c ha`nh chi'nh trong mo^.t ti?nh (district) Mo^.t huye^.n co'
nhie^`u xa~
huye^.t: lo^~ hang du+o+'i dda^'t/ cho^~ hie^?m trong tha^n the^? (grave/
vulnerable spot) Pha?i dda`o huye^.t cho sa^u/ No' bi. ddie^?m tru'ng huye^.t
hung: a'c, du+~ (atrocity/ unfavorable) Thu' ru+`ng thu+o+`ng hung du+~
hu`ng: ma.nh, du~ng ca?m ( strongly, healthy/ bravely) Da'ng ve? anh a^'y ra^'t
hu`ng
hu+: ho?ng, ye^'u (weak/ nothing/ emty) Ma'y na`y hu+ ro^`i/ Mo.i su+. tre^n
ddo+`i la` hu+ (huye^~n) ca?.
hu+'a: chi.u, ba(`ng lo`ng, he.n (agree/ promise) No' hu+'a se~ cha(m ho.c
hu+'ng: su+. ha(ng ha'i vi` ca?m xu'c (inspiration) La`m tho+ ca^`n pha?i co'
hu+'ng
hu+o+ng: mu`i tho+m, tho+m (scent, good smell/ perfum) Hoa ho^`ng co' hu+o+ng/
ca'c qua? chi'n co' hu+o+ng tho+m
hu+o+'ng: ngoa?nh ve^`, phi'a, phu+o+ng (direction) Xin hu+o+'ng ve^` phi'a
na`y. Anh ddi tha(?ng ve^` hu+o+'ng ta^y
hu+o+?ng; vui hu+o+?ng / ddu+o+.c du`ng, ddu+o+.c nha^.n (enjoy/ heritable) Con
ddu+o+.c hu+o+?ng gia ta`i cu?a cha me.
hu+u: nghi? hu+u / ta.m nghi? (break time/ retire) O^ng a^'y dda~ ve^` hu+u
ro^`i
hu+~u: be^n pha`i ba.n be` (right side/ friend/ rightist) Be^n tay pha?i la`
so^ng / Ba` a^'y co' ( ba.n) hu+~u / Da^n bie^?u X thuo^.c ca'nh hu+~u
I, Y
i'ch: co' lo+.i, co' i'ch/ lo+`i la~i (useful) Co' giu'p cu~ng cha(?ng i'ch gi`
y: chu+~a be^.nh / du+.a theo / nhu+ tru+o+'c / no' (to treat, medical base on /
as before/ he, him) O^ng A ho.c nga`nh y / Ha~y la`m y nhu+ to^i la`m / Va^~n y
nhu+ cu~ / Y kho^ng thi'ch ho.c
y': y' chi' /y' kie^'n / y' muo^'n ( idea / mind /opinion ) YU` no' kho^ng
muo^'n the^' / Cho to^i go'p y' kie^'n / YU` ba` X dda~ quye^'t
y?: du+.a va`o/ y? va`o (rely on/ lean on / take avantage) Ba` vo+. cu+' y? va`o
o^ng cho^`ng
ye^?m: che dda^.y/ giu'p ddo+~ (cover support) Su'ng ba('n ye^?m cho to^? xung
phong
ye^n: (xem An) ye^n ngu+.a, xe (harness) Ngu+o+`i cu+o+~i ngu+.a dda~ le^n ye^n
ye^'n: tie^.c ru+o+.u/ chim ye^'n (banquet/ salangane) Mo+? ye^'n dda~i kha'ch
quy' / Chim ye^'n la`m to^? trong hang nu'i
ye^'t: ddu+a cao le^n (to post, announce) Anh a^'y ye^'t ta^'m ba?ng tho^ng ba'o
ye^u: ma qua'i (ghost) Co^ a^'y ranh ma~nh nhu+ con ye^u
ye^'u: tro.ng ye^'u (important, strategic) Pha?i chia qua^n ra giu+~ nhu+~ng
ye^'u (ddie^?m)
ye^?u: che^'t non (die prematurely) No' bi. che^'t ye^?u, to^i nghie^.p
K
ke^: ke^? ra, khai ra (to name/ listing) Xin ke^ te^n ca'c vi. thuo^'c/ Ha~y ke^
ra ta^'t ca? ddo^` dda.c trong nha`
ke^': mu+u, chu+o+'c/ no^'i tie^'p (ruse/ trick) Ne^n du`ng ke^' cu?a o^ng ta/
Ngu+po+`i ke^' xin mo+`i va`o. Mie^`n Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: ke^' =
be^n ca.nh, sa't be^n.
ke^.: the^? va(n trong kinh Pha^.t ( a Bhudism reading) Pha^.t tu+? ddang ddo.c
ke^. trong chu`a
ke^'t: tha('t buo^.c/ cuo^'i cu`ng (conclude/ tie up) Ngoa`i cu+?a co' ke^'t hoa
cha(ng dde`n/ Pha^`n ke^'t ba`i vie^'t kha' go.n
ki'ch: mo^.t thu+' vu~ khi' co' ca'n da`i/ ta^'n co^ng (dart/ attack) Ca'i ki'ch
co' ca'n da`i/ Chu'ng du`ng chie^'n thua^.t (du) ki'ch
ki.ch: die^~n tro`, vo+? ki.ch (playright) Vo+? ki.ch ddo' co' nhie^`u y' nghi~a
kie^m: go^`m the^m/ bao bie^.n (to wear two hats) O^ng a^'y kie^m hai chu+'c vu.
nu+~a
kie^?m: xem la.i, soa't la.i (check/ control) Pha?i kie^?m la.i ha`nh kha'ch,
xem dda~ ddu? chu+a?
kie^'m: /Gu+o+m (saber, sword) Ba` Tru+ng Tra('c ca^`m kie^'m, ngo^`i tre^n
mi`nh voi
kie^.n: kie^.n ha`ng (bale) Kie^.n ha`ng a^'y co^`ng ke^`nh qua
kie^'p: ddo+`i ngu+o+`i (life/ late) DDe^'n kie^'p na`o mo+'i kha' ddu+o+.c?
kie^i~t: he^'t/ ta^.n cu`ng(ended, exhausted) Va('t kha(n cho kie^.t nu+o+'c/
O^ng a^'y kie^.t su+'c ro^`i. Mie^`n Trung du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t:
kie^.t = con he?m kho^ng lo^'i ra, ngo~ cu.t
kie^u: khinh ba.c, kie^u ca(ng (proud/ arrogant) Ti'nh ne^'t anh X ra^'t kie^u
kinh: thu? ddo^, kinh ddo^/ so+. ha~i ( capital/ scare) Hue^' la` kinh (ddo^)
nha` Nguye^~n/ Ca?nh tu+o+.ng nhi`n tha^'y ma` kinh
ki'nh: tro.ng/ cung ki'nh, ki'nh ddeo ma('t (respect/ eye glasses) Ki'nh thu+a
ca'c o^ng, ca'c ba`. ../ Ki'nh na`y ddo.c kho^ng ro~
ki.p: ki.p (gio+`; tho+`i)(on time) To^i dde^'n vu+`a ki.p gio+`
ky`: la., ky` di./ tho+`i ky`/ ky` cu?a ca' (strange/ time limit/ fin) Anh na`y
ky` qua', anh la`m gi` the^'/ DDe^'n ky` pha?i tra? no+. ro^`i/ Con ca' co'
va^y, ky`, dduo^i
ky': ghi che'p/ pho' tha'c (take note/ entrust) Nha` va(n na`y chuye^n vie^'t
ky'/ To^i ky' no' cho anh dda^'y
ky.: ghen ghe't/ kie^ng/ nga`y gio^~ (hate/ jalous/ on regime/ dead anniversary)
Anh X ky. anh Y/ to^i ky. a(n thu+' ma('m na`y/ ho^m nay la` nga`y ky. cu. o^ng
ky~: ta`i na(ng/ khe'o/ ca^?n tha^.n (skill/ skillful/ industrial) Ngu+o+`i
tho+. ha`n mo^'i ha`n tha^.t ky~ . Vie^.t Nam co`n du`ng ky~ co' nghi~a la` la`m
ca^?n tha^.n, la`m dde^'n no+i dde^'n cho^'n
kha'ch: nguo+`i o+? no+i kha'c dde^'n tha(m/ kha'ch ha`ng/ kha'ch ddi ta`u ddi
xe ( guest, visitor/ customer/ passenger) Theo Le^ Ngo.c Tru. thi` tu+` ke'p
kha'ch khu+'a la` do kha'ch ddo.c theo a^m quan Thoa.i la` khu+'a. Vie^.t Nam
quen no'i kha'ch khu+'a
khai: no+?/ ba('t dda^`u/ ke^? ra (blossom/ open/ to name) Ba` a^'y dda~ khai
hoa no+? nhu.y/ Ho^m nay la` nga`y khai tru+o+`ng/ No' khai ra nhie^`u ngu+o+`i
kham: chi.u ddu+o+.c, chi.u ddu+.ng no^?i (to bear, endure/ able) Co' kham no^?i
vie^.c na`y kho^ng?
kha'm: do` xe't/ kie^?m soa't ( check/ inspect) Ca?nh sa't kha'm ha`nh ly'
nguo+`i ddi ta`u
kha?m: lo~m sa^u va`o trong (incarnate) Bu+'c tranh kha?m xa` cu+`
kha'nh: ca'i kha'nh ba(`ng dda' hay kim loa.i ( gong) Tre? con nha` gia`u ddeo
kha'nh va`ng
khao: cho li'nh a(n uo^'ng ru+o+.u thi.t ( celebrate by drinking alcohol and
eating meat) Tie^.c khao qua^n ddo^ng vui la('m!
kha?o: dda'nh/ tra ta^'n (beat, torture) Bo.n cu+o+'p kha?o chu? nha` la^'y
va`ng
kha'p: vu+`a va(.n, kho+'p (fit perfectly Tho+. mo^.c la`m mo^.ng tha^.t kha'p
(kho+'p)
kha.p: ddo^` ddu+.ng nu+o+'c (big jar) Kha.p nu+o+'c bi. vo+~. Co`n go.i la`
tha.p, va.i, chum.
kha^'t: xin, ho?i xin (ask for, handler). Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+`
Ha'n-Vie^.t: kha^'t
nhu+ng co' nghi~a la` xin hoa~n: xin kha^'t no+.
kha't: kha't nu+o+'c (thirsty). Kha't nu+o+'c kho^ ca? ho.ng
kha('c: cha.m tro^?/ ngay tu+'c kha('c (carve, engrave/ in hurry, immediate)
Ca'i ba't ba.c cha.m kha('c ti? mi?/ Thi ha`nh tu+'c kha('c!
kha^?n: ga^'p, ca^`n ki'p/ mo+? mang ruo^.ng dda^'t (urgent., emergency/ exploy)
DDa^y la` thu+ kha^?n, pha?i chuye^?n ngay/ da^n ddi kha^?n dda^'t ru+`ng
kha^?u: be^'n ta`u, ca?ng/ mo'n, thu+' (port, mouth/ classifier) Ha?i Pho`ng la`
mo^.t cu+?a kha^?u lo+'n. Kha^?u su'ng, kha^?u mi'a. Vie^.t Nam du`ng kha^?u
kha' ta`i ti`nh, vi` su'ng co' mie^.ng (kha^?u), dda^`u no`ng su'ng; mo^.t khu'c
mi'a ca('t nho? vu+`a mo^.t mie^'ng bo? mie^.ng (kha^?u) nhai!
khi: khinh thu+o+`ng, coi nhe. (slight, disdane) O^ng X khinh thu+o+`ng no', vi`
no' ham tie^`n qua'!
khi': ho+i (air) Ho^m nay khi' tro+`i trong sa.ch
khie^?n: khi'e^n, sai ba?o (give order) O^ng Y kho^ng khie^?n no^?i ngo'n tay
khi'ch: no'i khi'ch, khie^u khi'ch (stimulate) DDu+`ng no'i khi'ch no' nu+~a
khie^'p: so+., nhu't nha't (scare, afraid of) Tro^ng con ddu+o+`i uo+i tha^'y
pha't khie^'p
khie^u: khe^u go+.i, khe^u cho.c (excite, provoke) Co^ a^'y ma(.c a'o qua^`n
khe^u go+.i qua'!
khie^'u: co' ta`i khe'o/ lo^~ ho^?ng tre^n ma(.t con ngu+o+`i (talented, gifted)
O^ng a^'y co' khie^'u. ..
(ngu+o+`i ta co' ba?y lo^~ ho^?ng tre^n khuo^n ma(.t, tha^'t khie^'u la` hai
lo^? tai, hai lo^~ ma('t, hai lo^~ mu~i va` lo^~ mie^.ng. Co' khie^'u tinh
ma('t, de?o mie^.ng, thi'nh tai, thi'nh mu~i)
khinh: nhe., mo?ng/ xem khinh (thin, light/ disdane, dispise) Kho^ng ne^n khinh
ngu+o+`i nghe`o. DDu+`ng coi be^n tro.ng be^n khinh
khoa: mo^n, loa.i (subject/ concours) Ba` X ho.c khoa na`o? / O^ng to^'t
nghie^.p khoa thi na(m na`o?
kho'a: thi, vie^.c ho.c (session, course/ learning) O^ng a^'y ho.c tru+o+'c to^i
mo^.t kho'a
khoan: cha^.m ra~i, khoan thai/ khoan dung (relaxed/ forgiving) Ha~y khoan,
cho+` to^i mo^.t la't/ O^ng Y la` ngu+o+`i khoan (dung). Vie^.t Nam du`ng
nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: khoan, co' nghi~a la` tu+` tu+`, cha^.m la.i; Khoan
dda~, ddu+`ng vo^.i; Khoan khoan, ho` o+i. &..
khoa?n: ddie^`u, mu.c (clause, expenditure) Co`n khoa?n tie^`n na`y chu+a tie^u
dde^'n
khoa'ng: cha^'t khoa'ng (mineral) Uo^'ng nu+o+'c khoa'ng to^'t ho+n nu+o+'c ddun
so^i
khoa?nh: tra(m ma^~u ruo^.ng/ mie^'ng, khoanh. ..Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+`
Ha'n-Vie^.t: khoa?nh nhu+ mo^.t thu+?a ruo^ng, mie^'ng dda^'t
kho^: he'o/ ca.n ra'o (dried/ exhausted/ dehydrated) Ca^y co^'i bi. che^'t kho^/
Bu't lo^ng kho^ mu+.c ro^`i (he^'t)
kho^?: kho^'n cu`ng, va^'t va? (unhappy) Me. kho^? vi` ca'c con
kho^'i: ta?ng, mie^'ng lo+'n (a block) Co^~ ma'y ddo' la` ca? mo^.t kho^'i sa('t
lo+'n
kho^'n: kho^?, nguy (unhappy/ misery) Qua^n ddi.ch ddang bi. va^y kho^'n
kho^ng: tro^'ng kho^ng, kho^ng, tre^n tro+`i (empty/ none, nothing/ on the air)
Ba` X kho^ng no'i gi` ca?/ Gia ta`i o^ng ta co`n la.i la` so^' kho^ng/ Tung qua?
bo'ng le^n kho^ng
khu: vu`ng, mie^`n (area, region) Khu A nha` cu+?a le^n gia'
khu+?: tru+` bo?, ba'ng (eliminate) Cho gu+`ng va`o dde^? khu+? mu`i ho^i bo`
khua^?n: loa`i na^'m nho? (bacterium) Loa.i khua^?n na`y kho^ng tha^'y ddu+o+.c
ba(`ng ma('t thu+o+`ng
khua^'t: chi.u khua^'t, chi.u thua (beaten, be absent, subdued) Co^ng nha^n
kho^ng chi.u khua^'t tru+o+'c the^' ma.nh cu?a chu? ngoa.i quo^'c. Vie^.t Nam
du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n- Vie^.t; khua^'t nhu+ng vo+'i ti'nh cu. the^? ho+n; Cha
to^i khua^'t nu'i; ca^y che khua^'t ta^`m nhi`n
khu'c: ba?n nha.c, dda`n (song, recite) Co^ Y ha't khu'c nha.c vui tu+o+i
khuye^n: vo`ng tro`n, ca'i vo`ng (circle, ring) Co^ a^'y ddeo ddo^i khuye^n
va`ng
khuye^'t: thie^'u, va('ng/ tro^'ng cho^~ ( lack/ incomplete/ vacant) DDang
khuye^'t chu+'c vu. ddo'/ dde^m nay tra(ng khuye^'t
khu+o+'c: tu+` cho^'i (refuse) Chu'ng to^i ra^'t tie^'c, xin khu+o+'c, kho^ng
dde^'n ddu+o+.c
L
la.c: ro+i ru.ng, sa xuo^'ng (drop) Co' mo^.t vi` sao la.c(ru.ng). Vie^.t-Nam
du`ng la.c co' nghi~a nhu+ belost of the way = bi. la.c ddu+o+`ng, lac lo~ng
lam: ma`u lam (blue) Co^ a^'y ma(.c a'o ma`u lam
la.m: tra`n ra ngoa`i, nhie^`u qua' (too much/ exaggerate) Du`ng la.m thuo^'c,
nguy hie^?m/ O^ng a^'y la.m quye^`n
lan: ca^y/hoa lan (orchid) Hoa lan no+? va`o mu`a xua^n
lang: con lang, con so'i (kind of wolf) Lo`ng lang da. so'i
la'nh: la^?n tra'nh, la'nh ma(.t (hide, avoid) No' la^?n tra'nh dde^? kho?i bi.
ba('t
la~nh: / li~nh, nha^.n (accept/ receive/ manage) O^ng a'y kho^ng tu+` cho^'i
ddu+o+.c, pha?i la~nh vie^.c
lao: be^.nh lao (tuberculosis) Be^.nh nha^n na`y bi. lao pho^?i
la~o: gia`/ suy ye^'u/ (va^.t) cu~, ho?ng ( old, weak, out of order) 60 tuo^?i
la` ddu+o+.c le^n la~o/ chie^'c xe na`y la~o qua' ro^`il
la(ng: mo^` ma? vua(royal tomb, mausoleum) Xem la(ng ca'c vua nha` Nguye^~n
la^~m: kho lu'a, kho (silo, warehouse) Mie^`n Nam la` mo^.t la^~m lu'a kho^?ng
lo^`
la^n: con la^n (kind of lion) DDi xem mu'a la^n
la^.n: gian do^'i, bi.p (unlawful/ dishonest, trick) Anh cha`ng ddo' chuye^n
cho+i la^.n ba`i
la^.p: ga^y du+.ng, la`m tha`nh (establish, set up) Ho. la^.p tha`nh mo^.t ho^.i
la^.t: la.nh run, so+. run (panic). Mie^`n Nam du`ng tu+` ke'p : la^.t dda^.t
(vo^.i va`ng, ha^'p ta^'p) co' the^? la` do tu+` la^.t na`y
la^.u: ro` cha?y, tha^'m u+o+'t, ri? ra (leak, snare) DDu+`ng dde^? chuye^. na`y
la^.u ra ngoa`i. Be^.i~nh la^.u (gonorrhea) la` do tu+` nghi~a ri?, ro` ra.
Cu~ng nhu+ ha`ng la^.u, buo^n la^.u, co' nghi~a la` buo^n nhu+~ng thu+' ha`ng
tro^'n thue^', ha`ng lo.t ra ngoa`i ba^'t ho+.p pha'p
le^.: nu+o+'c ma('t/ tho'i le^. (regulation/ tear) Ba` X nho? le^. kho'c ba.n/
O+? dda^y dda~ co' le^. a^'y
le^~: cu'ng, te^'/ qua` ta(.ng (workship/ gift) Nga`y Te^'u`t ddem qua` le^~
o^ng gia'm ddo^'c/ Mu`ng mo^.t ddi le^~ chu`a
le^.nh: ma.ng le^.nh/ sai khie^'n (order to, to direct) To^?ng tho^'ng ra le^.nh
cho ca'c bo^. tru+o+?ng
ly: mo^.t pha^`n mu+o+`i cu?a pha^n (milimeter) Sai mo^.t ly ddi mo^.t da(.m
ly': ly' le~/ co' thu+' tu+./ ddu+o+`ng lo^'i (logic/ reason) Ly' le~ cu?a o^ng
ra^'t vu+~ng/ To^i tha^'y o^ng a^'y no'i co' ly'
ly.: be^.nh kie^'t (dysentery) Be^.nh ly. ba^y gio+` de^~ chu+~a
li.ch: ta^'m li.ch, nie^n dda.i (calender) Co' i't nu+o+'c du`ng li.ch theo
ma(.t tra(ng
lie^m: lu+o+~i lie^`m/, ca^u lie^m/ kho^ng tham (scythe/ honest) Ca^y ca^u lie^m
na`y kha' da`i/ O^ng giam ddo^'c X lie^m la81m
lie^.t: bi. te^ ba.i, ba.i lie^.t ( paralyzed) O^'m lie^.t giu+o+`ng lie^.t
chie^'u
lie^.u: lo toan( manage, find a suitable way) Cho bie^'t tru+o+'c dde^? co`n
lie^.u
lie^~u: ca^y lie^~u (saule) Lie^~u ru? be^n ho^`
linh: linh thie^ng/ lanh le.n (miraculous, smart, fast) Cu. a^'y linh la('m.
Mie^`n Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: linh trong tu+` ke'p linh lo+.i.
Mie^`n Ba('c la`
nhanh
loa.n: ho^~n ddo^.n/ gia(.c gia~ (trouble, disorder/ war time) Anh a^'y no'i
loa.n le^n, kho^ng ai hie^?u ddu+o+.c/ Trai tho+`i loa.n, ga'i tho+`i bi`nh
lo^.: ddu+o+`ng ddi/ lo^. ra (road, way/ appear) Con lo^. na`y mo+'i dda('p/
DDu+`ng dde^? vie^.c na`y lo^. ra
lo^.c: ddu+o+.c qua` ta(.ng/ bo^?ng lo^.c ( salary/ surprise gift/ money) O^ng X
ddu+o+.c hu+o+?ng lo^.c tu+` be^n no^.i/ No' kho^ng ddu+o+.c ca'i lo^.c gi`
ngoa`i tie^`n lu+o+ng
lo^~i: hu+ ba.i/ sai la^`m (mistake/ wrong, unappropriate) Lo^~i na`y do ai ga^y
ra?
lo^.ng: la`m ca`n, la`m ba^.y (wrongdoing) Da.o na`y tro^.m cu+o+'p lo^.ng
la('m. Ba` ta lo^.ng quye^`n
lo+.i: co' i'ch, tie^.n/ tie^`n lo+`i, la~i (convenient, advantage/ interest)
La`m the^' co' lo+.i ho+n
Vie^.t Nam du`ng tu+ u.lo+`i bie^'n the^` cu?a lo+.i: Tie^`n lo+`i
lua^.n: ba`n lua^.n/ ba`i lua^.n (discuss/ essay/ infer) Ta`o Tha'o ngo^`i
lua^.n anh hu`ng vo+'i Lu+u Bi./ Ne^n (tha?o) lua^.n ky~ va^'n dde^` na`y
lua^.t: phe'p ta('c (law) Ai cu~ng pha?i tua^n theo lua^.t
lu.c: cho.n lu+.a( select, to sort/ green) Pha?i lu.c ra nhu+~ng ta`i lie^.u
ca^`n thie^'t/ Chie^'c a'o da`i ma`u lu.c
lu.y: Di'nh li'u dde^'n, dinh da^'p dde^'n (related/ misfortune) Anh Y kho^ng
dde^? ai lu.y dde^'n vu. na`y
lu~y: tha`nh dda('p ba(`ng dda^'t (earthen citadel) Ba^y gio+` chi? co`n la.i
ra^'t i't di ti'ch Lu~y Tha^`y
luye^'n: a'i mo^., nghe theo (like, love) Nu+?a pha^`n luye^'n cha me., nu+?a
pha^`n lo cho vo+. con
luye^.n: ta^.p, re`n ( practice, study) Lo+'p luye^.n thi co' ddo^ng ho.c sinh
lu+: ca'i lu+ (urn) Trong lu+ co' ddo^'t tra^`m hu+o+ng tho+m nga't
lu+o+.c: so+ sa`i, qua loa(roughly, resum) Xin no'i lu+o+.c qua vie^.c a^'y.
Vie^.t Nam du`ng tu+` lu+o+.c vo+'i nghi~a kha'c nu+~a: lu+o+.c va?i, tru+o+'c
khi may ky~, pha?i lu+o+.c tru+o+'c dda~, may so+ qua, ta.m
lu+o+ng: lu+o+ng thu+.c (salary/ provision) Lu+o+ng anh bao nhie^u mo^.t tha'ng/
he^'t lu+o+ng
lu+o+.ng: /la.ng, lu+o+.ng/1 pha^`n 16 ca^n ta/ tha^?m xe't, ca^n nha('c (1/6 of
Vietnamese kg/ evaluate, recheck) Be^n 8 lu+o+.ng, be^n nu+?a ca^n. Pha?i
lu+o+.ng su+'c xem co' la`m ddu+o+.c kho^ng
lu+u : ca^`m giu+~, du+`ng la.i, dde^? la.i ( retain/ keep) DDa^y la` ba?n lu+u,
xe^'p va`o ho^` so+/ Mo+`i o^ng lu+u la.i dda^y the^m mo^.t nga`y nu+~a
lu+.u: ca^y, qua? lu+.u (pomegranate) Hoa lu+.u ddo? tu+o+i
M
ma: ma quy? (ghost, fantom) Tre? con so+. ma
ma.: lu'a non (rice sprout) La`m dda^'t tha^.t nhuye^.n ro^`i mo+'i gieo ma.
ma': me., bu (mother, mom) Ma' co' thu+o+ng con kho^ng?/ Mie^`n Nam du`ng
nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: ma'
ma.ch: ma.ch ma'u/ ddu+o+`ng nho?u? he.p/ ddi tha(?ng (pulse/ circuit/ go
straight) Tha^`y lang ba('t ma.ch/ Ma.ch ma'u cha.y kha('p tha^n the^?/ No' ddi
tha(?ng mo^.t ma.ch
mai: ca^y/ hoa mai (apricot) Hoa mai no+? tra('ng xo'a
man: lu+`a do^'i/ che da^'u (trick,/ cover. Pha?i khai tha^.t, kho^ng ddu+o+.c
khai man
ma~n: xong, he^'t (over, finish) Bu+~a tie^.c dda~ ma~n
ma.nh: kho?e, lo+'n (strong, big) Quo^'c gia ddo' ma.nh ve^` kinh te^'
mao: lo^ng mao (kha'c vo+'i lo^ng vu~) Ngu+o+`i co' lo^ng mao, chim co' lo^ng
vu~
ma.o: gia? ma.o, ba('t chu+o+'c ba^'t ho+.p pha'p (fake, counterfeit) Ha`ng na`y
la` ha`ng gia? ma.o. No' ma.o chu+~ ky' o^ng gia'm ddo^'c
ma.t: nho? vu.n/ cu`ng ma.t ( tiny, very small/ sorrowful ended) Ma.t cu+a
mu+o+'p dda('ng ga(.p nhau/ DDo+`i no' ma.t ro^`i
ma(.e^c: ni'n la(.ng, la(.ng le~ ( let be, leave alone, meditate) O^ng ta ngo^`i
(tra^`m) ma(.c. Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: ma(.c theo nghi~a
kha'c: kho^ng chu' y' dde^'n, kho^ng ca^`n dde^? ta^m dde^'n: ma(.c ke.a^, ma(.c
xa'c
ma^.t: ki'n dda'o, bi' ma^.t (secret, classified) Kho^ng ddu+o+.c no'i ra,
chuye^.n ma^.t dda^'y
ma^~u: ma^~u ruo^.ng, theo ddo lu+o+`ng cu?a Vie^.t Nam xu+a (Vietnamese acre)
Ba` A co' ha`ng tra(m ma^~u ruo^.ng
me^: me^ loa.n, say (fond of. .., . ..maniac) Anh X me^ co^ Y
me^.nh: / Ma.ng, me^i~nh ngu+o+`i, so^' ma.ng (fate) Kho^ng ai ca~i ddu+o+.c
me^.nh tro+`i, O^ng X bi. cu+o+'p dda^m bo? ma.ng
mi: lo^ng ma`y, lo^ng mi (eyebrow/ eyelid) Vie.a^t Nam du`ng eyebrow la` mi
ma('t, hay lo^ng mi. Co^ A co' ddo^i mi cong. Mie^`n Nam du`ng mi' nu+o+'c
cu~ng la` do tu+` mi
mie^'n: bo^.t, so+.i mie^'n, lu'a mie^'n (sorghum, vermicelli) Mie^'n co' so+.i
nho? va` trong, Mie^`n Nam go.i la` bu'n Ta`u
mie^~n: tha, kho?i, bo? (wave, exempted) Tre? em mie^~n ve' va`o cu+?a. Xin
mie^~n lo^~i cho to^i
mie^'u: dde^`n tho+` nho? (small pagoda) Duo+'i go^'c dda la` ngo^i mie^'u
mo^.: mo^`, ma? (tomb) Ngo^i mo^. xa^y ba(`ng ga.ch
mo^.c: go^~, ca^y/ kho^ng so+n phe^'t (tree, plant/ unpaint) DDo' la` mo^.t ca^y
danh mo^.c/ Cu+' dde^? mo^.c tho^i, ddu+`ng ve~ gi` le^n. DDo^i guo^'c mo^.c
mo^~i: tu+`ng ca'i (each) Mo^~i ngu+o+`i mo^~i thi'ch
mo^n: mo^n, mo'n (sbject) Anh cho+i mo^n the^? thao na`o, Co^ ho.c mo^n na`o?
mo^.ng: chie^m bao, na(`m mo+ (dream) O^m gia^'c mo^.ng dde.p
mu.: me., ma' (mother, mom) No'i chung, mu. ta, mu. ddo' la` ca'ch go.i thie^'u
ki'nh tro.ng
muo^.i: mo+`, to^'i, mo+` a'm (unclear/ blurred/ dark) Tha(`ng X ngu muo.a^i
qua'!/ Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t va` chuye^?n muo^.i ti'nh tu+`
sang danh tu+`; muo^.i dde`n + Bo'ng dde`n da^`u ba'm nhie^`u muo^.i (do kho'i
ga^y ra)
mu+u: ke^', chu+o+'c (ruse, trick) Co' su+'c nhu+ng kho^ng co' mu+u cu~ng ho?ng
vie^.c
N
na: do+`i ddi (move, move out) Mie^`n Trung du`ng : na = Con me`o na con
chuo^.t. No' na em no' ddi dda^u?
na~: ti`m ba('t ke? co' to^.i (follow and arrest) Ca?nh sa't ddang na~ ba('t
te^n cu+o+'p. Vie^.t Nam co`n du`ng na~ vo+'i nghi~a ddo`i tie^`n, na~ tie^`n
na'i: dda`n ba` co' su+~a cho con bu' ( mother who breast -feed to her child).
Vie^.a^t Nam chi? du`ng cho loa`i va^.t: con heo na'i, na'i se^`
nam: con trai, dda`n o^ng/ phi'a nam (young man, man/ south) Nam ngo^`i be^n
na`y, nu+~ be^n kia/ Anh ne^n ddi ve^` hu+o+'ng nam
na.n: tai ho.a (accident, disaster) Tre^n ddu+o+`ng so^' 9 co' mo^.t tai na.n o^
to^
na~o: o'c (brain) Pha?i ddo^.ng na~o mo+'i la`m xong
na.p / No^.p, da^ng, ddu+a le^n/ thu nha^.n va`o (offer/ charge, load/ accept)
Ai cu~ng pha?i
na.p thue^'/ No' dda~ ddu+o+.c na.p va`o ho^.i/ Pha?i na.p the^m ddie^.n va`o
bi`nh ddie^.n
Mie^`n Nam co`n du`ng na.p co`n co' nghi~a la` uo^'ng nhie^`u qua'; O^ng a^'y
uo^'ng na.p, kho^ng tha^'y ca'i ngon cu?a ruo+.u
na^'m: ca^y na^'m (mushroom) Co' nhu+~ng na^'m ddo^.c kho^ng a(n ddu+o+.c
ne^.: ne^` ha`, tho^i, nga(n la.i (old forgy/ concern with triffles) O^ng X
kho^ng ne^. chuye^.n a^'y
ni: ca'i na`y (this one) To^i cho.n ca'i ni. Nhu+ the^' cho bie^'t mie^`n Trung
du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t, ni kho^ng pha?i la` phu+o+ng ngu+~ ma` la` tu+`
Ha'n-Vie^.t 100%
nie^m: di'nh la.i (stick up/ wrapping). Nha` ddo' dda~ bi. nie^m la.i ro^`i
nie^.m: ddo.c kinh, thie^`n (meditate/ read the religious bible) A(n chay nie^.m
Pha^.t
no^: ddu`a ro+~n (joke/ to amuse oneself) Tre? con no^ ddu`a ngoa`i vu+o+`n
no^.i: trong, be^` trong/ be^n no^.i (paternal/ inside) Cha'u ve^` tha(m be^n
no^.i ro^`i/ No^.i vu. ddo' la` hie^?u ro^`i/ No^.i trong nha` tho^i , kho^ng
co' o+? ngoa`i sa^n dda^u
no^ng: la`m ruo^.ng (agriculture) La`m nghe^` no^ng ra^'t va^'t va?
nu+~: con ga'i, dda`n ba` (femal, woman) DDo' la` gio.ng nu+~, kha' thanh
nga.c: con ca' sa^'u ( crocodile, alligator) Thi.t ca' sa^'u a(n gio^'ng thi.t
ga`
ngang: ca^'t cao, nga^?ng cao (to level/ up to) DDu+a le^n ngang ba(`ng vo+'i
mo.i ngu+o+`i. Vie^.t Nam du`ng ngang co`n co' nghi~a la` ngang bu+o+'ng, co'
nghi~a la` tu+. cao, cho mi`nh gio?i ngang vo+'i ngu+o+`i kha'c
nga.nh: da(`m (xo'c va`o tay)/ cu+'ng co?i (barb, barbed (fin) Lu+o+~i ca^u co'
nhie^`u nga.nh. Vie^.t Nam du`ng tu+` ke'p: ngang nga.nh co' nghi~a la` ngang
bu+o+'ng, kho' khua^'t phu.c: No' ngang nga.nh la('m
nga^m: ddo.c tho+ theo va^`n ddie^.u (reading poem with rythm) Co^ A nga^m tho+
thi` tuye^.t
nghi: ngo+`, kho^ng tin (untrust, to suspect) Anh X bi. ngu+o+`i ta nghi ngo+`
nghi~a: theo ddu+o+`ng chi'nh, dda.o chi'nh/ nghi~a la` (meaning, sense/ just
cause) A(n o+? vo+'i nhau pha?i co' nghi~a/ Ca^u ddo' co' nghi~a gi`?
nghi.ch: ngu+o+.c, tra'i la.i/ bo^.i pha?n, ro^'i loa.n( counter, reverse/
chaos/ trahison) Anh nghi.ch chie^`u vo+'i to^i/ o^ng A bi. ke^'t to^.i (pha?n)
nghi.ch. Vie^.t Nam du`ng nghi.ch co`n co' nghi~a la` nghi.ch ngo+.m, cho+i
nghi.ch
ngu.: o+?, tru' ngu. (to reside) Hi.e^n nay anh ngu. o+? dda^u?
ngoa: no'i khoa'c, no'i qua' le^n (sharp tongue) Ba` a^'y thu+o+`ng hay no'i
ngoa
ngo~a: ngo'i (tile/ ceramic) Mie^`n Ba('c go.i tho+. ne^`, tho+. ho^` la` tho+.
ngo~a vi` kie^m vie^.c lo+.p ngo'i nu+~a
nghe^nh: /nghinh, ddo'n tie^'p, cha`o ddo'n ( welcome, reception) Mo.i nguo+`i
ra nghe^nh ddo'n
thu? tu+o+'ng. Vie^.t Nam du`ng nghinh/ nghe^nh theo tho^ng tu.c co`n co' nghi~a
la` tha'ch
thu+'c, to? ve? kho^ng so+., muo^'n ga^y su+.: Ma`y nghinh tao ha??
ngoa.i: ngoa`i/ be^n ngoa.i (maternal/ outside) Cha'u no^.i la`m to^.i ba`
ngoa.i/ Anh lo lo ddo^'i no^.i, to^i se~ lo ddo^'i ngoa.i
nha~: thanh nha~, li.ch su+. (courteous/ elegant) Co^ Y a(n ma(.c nha~ nha(.n
nha.c: nha.c, ca nha.c (music) Ba?u?n nha.c na`y nghe tha^.t ro^.n ra~
nha`n: ra?nh ro^~i, thu+ tha? (leisured, idle) So^'ng nha`n la` hay nha^'t
nha.n: chim nha.n (swallow) Chim nha.n lie^.ng ra^'t gio?i
nha~n: ca^y, qua? nha~n/ con ma('t (longan/ eye) Nha~n Hu+ng Ye^n no^?i tie^'ng/
ba'c si~ X chuye^n ve^` nha~n (khoa)
nha'o: huye^n na'o, nho^'n nha'o (mix up/ scurry) Co' chuye^.n gi` ma` nha'o
le^n the^'? Vie^.t Nam du`ng nhie^`u tu+` ke'p, tu+` la'y dde^? die^~n ta? ti`nh
tra.ng na`y; la'o nha'o, la`m na'o, ba't nha'o, nha'o nha`o, na'o loa.n, na'o
ddo^.ng. ..
nha^n: thu+o+ng ngu+o+`i, nha^n ddu+'c/ co+' su+., ly' do/ nha^n le^n (
compassion/ cause/ multiple) Ba` a^'y co' lo`ng nha^n/ Gieo nha^n xa'a^u ha'i
qua? xa^'u/ Ti'nh nha^n so^' le? kho' ho+n
nha^.n: nha^i~n, thu/ ba(`ng lo`ng, nha^.n bie^'t (recognize, agree) To^i nha^.n
ra anh ro^`i/ To^i nha^.n ddu+o+.c tin ro^`i/ Co^ X nha^.n lo+`i la^'y anh B
nha^.p: va`o/ ho+.p vo+'i (enter/ accord) DDa~ nha^.p so^? chu+a?/ Ca^u no'i sau
kho^ng a(n nha^.p vo+'i ca^u no'i tru+o+'c
nha^'t: so^' mo^.t/ ddu+'ng dda^`u (one, first/ lead) O^ng a^'y thi'ch a(n pho+?
nha^'t/ Co^ A ddu+'ng nha^'t lo+'p
nhie^~m: tha^'m la^`n va`o/ la^y sang (absorb/ contagious) Ga^`n ke? xa^'u se~
nhie^~m ta^.t xa^'u/ O+? la^u ngoa`i tro+`i se~ bi. nhie^~m la.nh
nhie^.t: no'ng, so^'t (hot/ fever) Ta.ng ngu+o+`i anh a^'y bi. nhie^.t/ Ai bi.
so^'t?
nhie^~u: qua^'y ro^'i/ ha` kha('c (trouble/ disturb/ static) Bo.n du dda~ng
nhie^~u qua'!/ Ca'n bo^. huye^.n na`y nhie^~u da^n/ Ma'y bi. nhie^~u, nghe
kho^ng ro~
nhu: di.u, me^`m, ye^'u (soft/ weak) Ma`u a'o na`y nhu la('m/ Ti'nh o^ng ta
ho+i, bi. la^'n lu+o+'t
nhua^.n: nhua^`n, thu+`a (leap year) Na(m ngoa'i la` na(m nhua^.n
nhu.c: nho+ nhuo^'c, nhu.c nha~ (humilate) Anh a^'y bi. la`m nhu.c
nhu.y: nhu.y hoa (pistin) Nhu.y hoa ma`u va`ng
nhua^.n: nhua^`n, thu+`a (leap year) Na(m ngoa'i la` na(m nhua^.n
nhu.c: nhu.c nha~, nho+ nhuo^'c (humilated) Chuye^.n ddo' tha^.t la` nhu.c cho
gia ddi`nh ddo'
nhuye^~n: mi.n, na't, me^`m de?o, diu. da`ng(soft, smooth) Ho. mu'a nhuye^~n
la('m
nhung: lo^ng me^`m cu?a loa`i thu'/ su+`ng hu+o+u non (velvet, corduroy/ young
horn) Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: nhung , nhu+ng vo+'i nghi~a
kha'c. DDo' la` va?i nhung
nhu~ng: tham nhu~ng/ qua^'y ro^'i (corrupted, taking bribe/ harass) Ca'n bo^.
tham nhu~ng ha`ng ty? ddo^`ng. Tu+` nhu~ng nhie^~u bie^'n the^? tha`nh nho~ng
nhe~o o+? mie^`n Nam
nhu+: gio^'ng nhau, ba(`ng, cu`ng vo+'i (as, equal) To^i cu~ng nhu+ anh. Hai
ca'i a'o nhu+ nhau
nhu+o+.c: ye^'u ke'm, suy nhu+o+.c (weary, weakness) DDo' la` cho^~ nhu+o+.c
cu?a ho.
nhu+o+.ng: nhu+o+`ng (yield, cede) Pha?i bie^'t nhu+o+.ng nhau. Mie^`n Nam va^~n
du`ng nguye^n tu+` nhu+o+.ng: O^ng X nhu+o+.ng mie^'ng vu+o+`n cho o^ng Y
nghie^m: ddu+'ng dda('n, nghie^m nghi. (grave, strict, serious) Tha`y gia'o
nghie^m vo+'i ho.c sinh
nghie^.p: so^', pha^`n/ nghe^` nghie^.p (sort, fate/ occupation) Ca'i nghie^.p
no' nhu+ the^'/ Anh la`m (nghe^`) nghie^.p gi`?
nghie^.t: kho' kha(n, nghie^.t nga~ (peine/ severe/ strict) O^ng a^'y nghie^.t
vo+'i con ca'i. Ne^'u no'i nghie^.p chu+o+'ng la` kho^ng ddu'ng, ne^n no'i
nghie^.t chu+o+'ng
nghie^u: va^'t va?, cu+.c nho.c (complicated/ hard, tough) Vie^.c na`y nghie^u
khe^ la('m. Ne^'u no'i theo tho'i quen: nhie^u khe^ la` sai. Pha?i no'i nghie^u
khe^
ngo.c: dda' quy' 9jade) Ba` X ddeo chuo^~i ngo.c
ngo^.: nha^`m, sai (rabid, confuse/ mistake) Anh na`y gia? ngo^. ro^`i. Mie^`n
Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+` Ha'n-Vie^.t: ngo^.= Anh no'i gia? ngo^. sao cho+'? Co'
nghi~a la` gia? vo+`, bie^'t nhu+ng la`m nhu+ kho^ng bie^'t
ngu: dda^`n ddo^.n, do^'t (stupid, ignorant) Tha(`ng Y ngu la('m!, cha(?ng
hie^?u gi` he^'t
ngu.: so^'ng o+?. ..tru' o+? (live in) Hie^.n nay anh ngu. o+? dda^u?
ngu.c: tu`, nha` giam (jail, prison) O^ng a^'y na(`m trong ngu.c to^'i
nguy: nguy hie^?m, nguy ki.ch dangerous/ critical) Ti`nh hi`nh nguy la(m ro^`i!
ngu.y: gia(.c, la`m pha?n (prirate, false cause, betray) Thua la` ngu.y,
ddu+o+.c la` anh hu`ng/ Chu'ng no' la`m ngu.y trong nha` (nghi.ch ngo+.m pha'
pha'ch)
nguye^n: ba('t dda^`u, kho+?i dda^`u/ tru+o+'c, cu~/ kho^ng ddu.ng dde^'n
(original/ former, ex./ intact) O^ng a^'y nguye^n la` nha` gia'o/ Cu+' dde^?
nguye^n, kho^ng ddu+o+.c su+?a ddo^?i gi` ca?
nguye^.n: mong, u+o+'c/ nguye^.n ca^`u (hope, expect/ worship) Chu'ng ta
nguye^.n ddie^`u to^'t la`nh cho anh a^'y/ Chu'ng ta nguye^.n se~ tha`nh co^ng
ngu+o+.c: tra'i la.i, kha'c chie^`u hu+o+'ng (controversy/ mountainous region)
Mie^`n ngu+o+.c la` mie^`n ru+`ng nu'i xa xo^i, hie^?m tro+?/ O^ng ddi ngu+o+.c
ddu+o+`ng ro^`i
ngu+ng: du+`ng la.i, ddo.ng la.i, ta^.p trung la.i (stop/ concentrate, stagnant)
Xe pha?i ngu+ng la.i
Ho+i ngu+ng la.i tha`nh nu+o+'c
O
oai: /uy, co' oai (prestige) Tro^ng o^ng ta co' oai la('m
oan: kho^ng co' to^.i ma` bi. ke^'t to^.i, oan u+'c (being victim of an
injustice) No' bi. oan trong vu. na`y
oa'n: ghe't, gia^.n ho+`n (hate/ resent) Da^n oa'n chi'nh quye^`n tham nhu~ng
oa?n: ca'i che'n, che'n go^~ (wooden cup) Vie^.t Nam ho'a oa?n thanh thu+' xo^i
ddo'ng tha`nh oa?n hi`nh cho'p no'n ba(`ng dda^'u. Cho xo^i va`o che'n khuo^n
go^~,a^'n na('p ro+`i be^n tre^n ro^`i nha^'c khuo^n le^n. Du`ng oa?n dde^?
cu`ng to?a^ tie^n, cu'ng Pha^.t, hay dde^? la`m ba'nh kha?o.
o^: ma`u dden (black) Con ngu+.a o^ cha.y nhanh nha^'t. DDe^? chi? ma`u dden,
Vie^.t Nam gia`u ti'nh tu+` ; ngu+.a o^, me`o mun, cho' mu+.c, ra(ng ha.t
huye^`n, ma'i to'c huye^`n, ga` a'c, mo^i tha^m, va?i tha^m (mie^`n ba('c) . ..
o^': nhie^~m va`o, co' ve^'t (smeared, spotted) Nu+o+'c tha^'a^m va`o ta^'m va?i
bi. o^'
o^?: cho^~ o+? tha^'p, chung quanh co' bo+` cao (nest) DDu+o+`ng xa^'u qua', co'
nhie^`u o^? ga`, DDa^y la` hang o^? cu?a thu' du+~
o^: nha('c la.i, ho.c la.i (review) O^n la.i chuye^.n cu~, Gio+` thu+' na(m la`
gio+` ho.c o^n
o^?n: ye^n o^?n (peaceful) Da^n so^'ng ye^n o^?n, kho^ng co' tro^.m cu+o+'p/
Ti'nh the^' cu~ng chu+a o^?n
o^ng: o^ng, tie^'ng to^n xu+ng nguo+`i gia` ca? hoa(.c lo+'n ho+n mi`nh. Co'
o^ng X dde^'n cho+i
P
pha': vo+~ na't, hu+ ho?ng (broken, destroy, delete) No' tie^u tie^`n nhu+ pha'.
Ngo^i nha` ddo' dda~ bi. pha'
pha.: so+. (afraid of, scare). Vie^.t Nam mu+o+.n a^m pha cu?a Qua?ng DDo^ng
trong lu'c dda'nh ba`i xi` ta^?y, mo^.t con ba.c khi no'i pha tu+'c la` no'i
so+., kho^ng da'm theo.
pha'c: mo^.c ma.c/ chu+a dde~o go.t (unfinish/ sketch/ outline) Mo+'i no'i pha'c
qua tho^i/ Hoa. si~ ve~ pha'c ba(`ng bu't chi`
pha'ch: vi'a, pha'ch (castanets/ vital spirit/ manner) So+. bay ho^`n la.c
pha'ch/ Trong
bo^. go~ a^m nha.c co' ca'i pha'ch/ la`m ta`ng , la`m pha'ch
pha'i: chi, do`ng (sect/ branch) Trong mo^.t to^n gia'o co' nhie^`u pha'i tu
kha'c nhau
pha`m: ta^`m thu+o+`ng, thu+o+`ng thu+o+`ng ( vague, mediocre) Em ddo' ra^'t
pha`m a(n (a(n nhie^`u va` ca'i gi` cu~ng a(n)
pha.m: ddo^.ng va`o, xa^m pha.m/ ngu+o+`i bi. tu` ( violate, intrude/ prisoner)
Kho^ng ddu+o+.c pha.m va`o cu?a co^ng/ DDu+`ng ca('t pha.m va`o phi'a na`y.
Mie^`n Trung co`n du`ng nguye^n tu+`
Ha'n-Vie^.t pha.m dde^? chi? ngu+o+`i tu` (pha.m nha^n): Ma^'y ngu+o+`i pha.m
ddang khua^n dda'
pha'n: pha^n xu+?, xu+? ddoa'n (command, give order, decide) O^ng bo^. tru+o+?ng
pha'n ra(`ng
pha?n: tra'i, tra'i ngu+o+.c (rebel/ react/ opposite) Nho'm ddo' la`m pha?n/
Ca^u no'i sau pha?n la.i ca^u no'i tru+o+'c/ No' pha?n (u+'ng) la.i ha`nh
ddo^.ng ddo'
phanh: na^'u, la`m thi.t (to cook/ to slaughter). Vie^.t Nam du`ng nguye^n tu+`
Ha'n-Vie^.t co' nghi~a la` mo+? ro^.ng ra: mo+? phanh a'o ra/ mo^? phanh con
lo+.n ra. Vi` co' phanh mo+'i cha(i~t nho? va` na^'u a(n ddu+o+.c. DDa^y la`
mo^.t bie^'n the^? cu?a pha^n chia, chia re~ (separate). Chu'ng ta du`ng ddo^.ng
tu+` phanh co`n co' nghi~a la` gie^'t ngu+o+`i, xu+? tu+? to.a^i nha^n
phao: bo.t nu+o+'c/ tung tin kho^ng co' thu+.c/ ca'i phao (buoy / circulate
false information/ rumor) Ca^u ca' pha?i du`ng phao/ Ta^.p bo+i cu~ng du`ng
phao/ Chu'ng phao tin ddo^`n nha?m
pha'o: su'ng lo+'n, pha'o (firecracker/ cannon, artillery) Nga`y Te^'t co'
ddo^'t pha'o/ Pha'o cu?a be^n ta na~ va`o vi. tri' ddi.ch
pha'p: phe'p, lua^.t pha'p/ dda.o ly' nha` Pha^.t (law/ Bhudist regulation) Khi
quy y la` pha?i theo Pha'p, theo Pha^.t, theo Ta(ng
pha't: kho+?i dda^`u, hie^.n ra/ ca^'p cho, pha^n pha't (start, begin, appear/
distribute) Be^.nh pha't tu+` mo^.t tua^`n nay/ Pha't ga.o cho da^n bi. ba~o
lu.t. Pha't su'ng, pha't dda.n la` mo^.t classifier cu?a Vie^.t Nam cu~ng do
ddo^.ng tu+` pha't: cu', la^`n ba('n ra
pha^n: (xem Phanh), chia ra/ mo^.t pha^`n/ mo^.t pha^`n cu?a mo^.t tra(m (
divide/ separate, portion/ percentage) So^' tie^`n ddo' pha^n ra ba pha^`n
dde^`u nhau/ tie^`n lo+`i la` ba`y pha^n mo^.t na(m
pha.t: cha(.t, dda(~n/ hi`nh pha.t (cut/ punish). O^ng X bi. ca?nh sa't pha.t 40
ddo^ la/ Du`ng dao pha.t ca'c bu.i ca^y nho?. Vie^.t Nam du`ng nha` pha.t la`
nha` pha, vi` pha.t la` a^m Qua?ng DDo^ng ddo.c la` fa'.
pha^'n: bo^.t mi.n tra('ng (powder) Ca'nh bu+o+'m co' nhie^`u pha^'n tra('ng
pha^.n: pha^`n rie^ng cu?a mo^~i ngu+o+`i/ chu+'c vi.(fate/ position) Mo^~i
ngu+o+`i mo^.t pha^.n
pha^?n: pha^n, tha?i ra tu+` trong ruo^.t. (shit/ manure,/ fertilizer) Bie^'n
the^? la` pha^n: Pha^n
xanh la` ca'c la' ca^y, be`o dde^? mu.c
pha^~n: oa'n ha^.n, cu+`u ha^.n (diappoint, hatre) Ga(.p chuye^.n kho', no' hay
pha^~n chi'
pha^'t: phe pha^?y, chuye^?n ddo^.ng (move/ wave) Pha^'t co+` cho mo.i ngu+o+`i
tha^'y. Tie^'ng tho^ng tu.c: pha^'t: a(n ne^n la`m ra
pha^.t: Pha^.t, dda.o Pha^.t/ ngang tra'i (Bhudha, Bhudism/ controversary) DDa.o
Pha^.t xua^'t pha't tu+` A^'n DDo^.. DDie^`u ddo' la`m pha^.t y' o^ng ta
phe^: nha^.n xe't, phe^ bi`nh (critique) Phu+o+ng pha'p phe^ va` tu+. phe^
kho^ng hie^.u qua?