I have a simple question: Where does the mass go the sun looses?
The sun looses a lot of mass every second, but what happens to that mass?
My personal point of view: we find a portion later as planets. But what do
you think?
Or does the universe 'burn down'?
Greetings
TH
Some mass converted to energy is radiated away...
Solar wind that has escape velocity... escapes...
About 9.13*10^-14 Solar masses per year in the case of our Sun.
See: http://arxiv.org/abs/0801.3807
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stellar_mass_loss
It is released as electromagnetic radiation spreading out into space.
Mitch Raemsch
The sun radiates energy, that energy can only come from the mass it loses.
Mass and energy are the opposite sides of the same coin. The exact mechanism
is a matter for research, but you can only detect the existence of mass by
applying a force or reflecting light from it. Whilst it is intuitive to the
think
of mass as "stuff", at the atomic level it is forces that really count -
atoms
are mostly empty space.
Bravo Mitch. This is the first time that I have seen you post a
sensible answer to a thought-out question. Keep doing this and it may
help you appear to readers as at least having some sanity remaining.
Harry C,
Sunshine, solar wind.
> The sun looses a lot of mass every second, but what happens to that mass?
Sunshine, solar wind.
> My personal point of view: we find a portion later as planets. But what do
> you think?
> Or does the universe 'burn down'?
Idiot.
--
Uncle Al
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/
(Toxic URL! Unsafe for children and most mammals)
http://www.mazepath.com/uncleal/lajos.htm#a2
In addition to what everybody else said, another source of mass loss is
from the Sun's own nuclear fusion reactions, which is around 4 million
tons of matter per second! Of course that's gets radiated away as mostly
neutrinos and photons.
Yousuf Khan
Yes, mass becomes energy and radiates. It goes everywhere,
omnidirectionally.
As far as anyone knows the process isn't reversible, we can't turn energy
back
into mass. Of course there are theories in abundance such a black holes
that suck it back in but I don't have any theories and refuse to speculate.
I simply accept that the sun shines and to do so the process must be
nuclear.
That process has led to nuclear power plants and nuclear weapons.
It certainly cannot be chemical, although it shares the same equation.
http://www.androcles01.pwp.blueyonder.co.uk/MC2.htm
> Since the are a lot of stars and all loose mass, does the universe gets
> 'lighter'?
I have no idea and neither does anyone else. If you ever find out, let us
know.
wouldn't that have an effect on the rotation curves of planets and whole
galaxies?
TH
The sun radiates in all directions. To give some idea of what this
means, here is how to build a scale model:
Sun -- use a small kickball, about 8" (20cm) in diameter.
Earth -- use a peppercorn, about 0.08" (2mm) in diameter.
Set the "sun" on your front porch. Now take the peppercorn and walk 78
feet (25m) away. This will likely be across the street.
The amount of stuff radiated by the sun that is intercepted by the
Earth, or for that matter any planet in the solar system, is
incredibly tiny. (The model planets would be strung out over 1000 m
from your model sun.)
PD
Out.
Mass-energy ---> EM
Mass ---> Solar wind
Only some young scribe was yawning and copied it down wrong,
it is Heaven that is without form, deep, dark and void, the Earth
has the form of a fucking sphere in case anyone ever noticed.
Trouble is the illuminated manuscript had such nice pictures the
abbot decided to let that minor detail slide.
> Since the are a lot of stars and all loose mass, does the universe gets
> 'lighter'?
>
>
Have you heard of these conservation laws?
http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/ConservationofEnergy.html
http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/ConservationofMomentum.html
http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/ConservationofAngularMomentum.html
Thomas Heger
Maks sens to me. wut say yu, worms? (u insignfkunt puss frm pmpl) jus
kiding worms, u hot sht
Art
The mass of the whole Sun is 2.2 x 10^27 tons, so a loss of 4 million
tons is a measly 1.82 x 10^-19 per cent (i.e. approx 182 thousand
million million millionth of a percent). So that's not even
significant. If the Sun were to convert its entire mass to energy, at
that rate it would require 17 million million years. The Sun won't
make it that far, within 5 billion years it will likely have turned
into a white dwarf.
Yousuf Khan
Considering that the solar wind is primarily radial,
about the only way it could aggregate into a planetesimal
is if it collides with an already-orbiting dust spec or
planetesimal. The object will change orbit, though
probably not by an awful lot once it gets bigger than
a small pebble -- it's a variant of the old square-cube
problem. At best, it might circularize the orbit, but
that's about it. Comets introduce outgassing into
the equation; not quite sure what that'll do. Many
comets have highly elliptical orbits, so obviously
they're nowhere near circularized yet...and may never be.
The light simply radiates away. If we're lucky someone in,
say, the Sirius system is staring up at the sky and might
see a rather faint star, as the Sun's absolute magnitude is
+4.83, and from Sirius we'd have a magnitude of about +2.4.
Not all that impressive, though Sol would be visible.
A few other nearer stars will also see a rather faint
yellow star and might even detect Jupiter's wobble, but
stars that are farther away will need telescopes to gather
enough light to see our star.
As for the Universe "burning down", yes, I do believe
that the consensus is that we'll suffer a heat death,
with the stars burning out, blowing up, or both. The
Sun's mass is such that it will bloat and become
a red giant (helium fusion is far hotter than hydrogen
fusion), then blow off a shell or some such and
become a white dwarf. (A star somewhat larger than
our Sun will suffer a more exotic fate, possibly
even becoming a black hole. The Sun isn't big enough.)
Depressing, but fortunately this won't happen for
billions of years...though "global warming" far worse
than our current crisis will eventually boil off
every ocean on Earth -- and this is *before* it becomes
a red giant. We have maybe 500 million years at best
before we need to go to a cooler locale, because of
stellar phenomena (of course we might not have that
long because of CO2, CH4, and other such "greenhouse
gases" trapping the Sun's energy on Earth and raising
the average temperature).
--
#191, ewi...@earthlink.net
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Hey gizz, thenwut?
Art
What you are saying is you don't want that outcome.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heat_death_of_the_universe
> So the radiation must show up somewhere else as mass. The question is,
> where that could be. I personally think, it generates planets or smaller
> objects like the Kuiper belt.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Protoplanetary_disk
>
> Thomas Heger
>
I think, that the entropy in the universe does not increase. It is a
misconception to extent our experiences to cosmology, since what we regard
as useful energy means nothing on cosmic scales. It is our choice to run a
car and so we have to put gas into the tank to make it move, but on large
scale one pattern is as good as any other and the universe can't loose
energy or gain entropy.
Thomas Heger
You should study the laws of thermodynamics... which nature appears to
agree with. http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/physics/ThermodynamicLaws.html
Sol also loses mass by throwing out the solar wind -- charged particles
that on occasion wreak havoc on telecommunications equipment, and
can generate beautiful auroras at the poles.
My computations suggest 4.38 million metric tonnes per second
from the radiation alone (3.94 * 10^26 W).
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---------------
it is not only radiation
in addition there is massive particles as well
Y.P
----------------------------
-----------------------------
so Uncle understood at last that
ENERGY HAS MASS !!
good for you Uncle
you learn slow
but better late than never !!!
you are doing much faster than some
**young* crackparroters here !!
(not to mention th e old Goats here (:-)
keep well
Y.Porat
----------------------------------
>
I now second law of thermodynamics. But what garantees an increase of
entropy?
If it were a statistical effect, than it compares states someone has to
define. But as said before, on large scale there is nobody to do this. That
means, useful is a term we define as we use our machines. There entropy
allways increases, but that is our personal point of view as we have to pay
for gas, if we want to run a car. But the universe is as happy with heat as
with crude oil.
So where is evidence, that entropy increases at all in the universe and what
is the sense of such a statement?
Thomas Heger