Lipofuscin Reversal
ironjustice
Richer S, Stiles W, Thomas C
Optometry 2009 Dec; 80(12):695-701.
BACKGROUND:
Lipofuscin is the most consistent and phylogenically
constant morphologic marker of cellular aging.
Autofluorescence of the A2E fluorophore within
retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) lipofuscin affords
the opportunity for noninvasive evaluation of age-
and disease-related pathophysiological changes in the
human retina.
It is being used in National Eye Institute/Age-Related
Eye Disease Study II to evaluate age-related macular
degeneration (AMD) geographic atrophy expansion.
Experiments show lipofuscin can be reversed in cell
culture and animal models in heart, brain, spinal cord,
and retinal tissues, using an array of antioxidants
and iron chelators.
METHODS:
An 80-year-old man with a gastric resection presented
with complaints of unremitting night driving difficulty
despite treatment with lutein and omega III fatty acids.
Notable parafoveal deposition of retinal lipofuscin by
50 degrees fundus auto-fluorescence
(580 nm excitation/660 barrier filters) and concurrent
abnormalities in non-Snellen measures of visual
function-Contrast Sensitivity Function, 6.5 degrees
large field tritan threshold, 10 degrees threshold visual
fields, and deficits in the National Institutes of
Health/National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire
(VFQ) 25 subjective night driving/mental health subscale
questionnaire were obtained.
The patient was placed on an over-the-counter daily oral
polyphenolic mixture containing resveratrol and re-evaluated
5 months later.
RESULTS: The data reveal improvements in all measures of
visual function, subjective improvement in vision and mental
functioning on the VFQ 25, and visible clearing of RPE lipofuscin.
CONCLUSION:
To our knowledge, we believe this to be the first reported human
clinical case of lipofuscin reversal in the human eye correlated
with measured clinical and subjective improvement in visual and
mental function after nutraceutical intervention.
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
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Man Is A Herbivore!
http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
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co...@lover.com
polyphenolic mixture containing resveratrol and re-evaluated
5 months later.
RESULTS: The data reveal improvements in all measures of
visual function, subjective improvement in vision and mental
functioning on the VFQ 25, and visible clearing of RPE lipofuscin.
CONCLUSION:
To our knowledge, we believe this to be the first reported human
clinical case of lipofuscin reversal in the human eye correlated
with measured clinical and subjective improvement in visual and
mental function after nutraceutical intervention."
Problem is the otc drug is not a "nutraceutical intervention", it is a
drug intervention because that substance is not found in foods at those
pharmacological levels.
An aspirin like substance can be found in willow bark. If one chews it
for pain relief is it a "nutraceutical intervention"?
ironjustice
not a "nutraceutical intervention", it is a drug intervention
because that substance is not found in foods at those
pharmacological levels. <<
IF the resveratrol and polyphenol mixture is good at what it does then
one could almost consider it to be an iron chelator mixture ..
Therefore an .. iron reduction therapy ..
Iron reduction therapy ..
Can Lipofuscin Accumulation Be Prevented?
Rejuvenation Res 2007 Dec 26.
Kurz T
During normal autophagic degradation of mitochondria and iron-
containing proteins in lysosomes, iron is released intralysosomally
where it may react with hydrogen peroxide forming hydroxyl radicals
(Fenton reaction). Depending on their rate of formation, these highly
reactive radicals can cross-link intralysosomal material, leading to
lipofuscin formation, or destabilize the lysosomal membrane, which
induces apoptosis/necrosis. Since the sensitivity of lysosomes to
oxidative stress can be manipulated by altering the intralysosomal
level of redox-active iron, it follows that lipofuscin formation might
also be influenced. It is suggested that pulse doses of iron chelators
that easily penetrate membranes could be used to diminish
lipofuscinogenesis.
More from this journal
Rejuvenation Res
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
http://tinyurl.com/2r2nkh
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
> "The patient was placed on an over-the-counter daily oral
co...@lover.com
because that substance is not found in foods at those
pharmacological levels. <<
"IF the resveratrol and polyphenol mixture is good at what it does then
one could almost consider it to be an iron chelator mixture ..
Therefore an .. iron reduction therapy .."
Why dwell on undemonstrated "if" thinking? The point was not what you
speculate but that in the levels concerned it was no longer a
"nutritional" substance that eating some food or another would provide.
Otis
Taka
> Molecular medicine in ophthalmic care.
> Richer S, Stiles W, Thomas C
> Optometry 2009 Dec; 80(12):695-701.
>
> BACKGROUND:
> Lipofuscin is the most consistent and phylogenically
> constant morphologic marker of cellular aging.
> Autofluorescence of the A2E fluorophore within
> retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) lipofuscin affords
> the opportunity for noninvasive evaluation of age-
> and disease-related pathophysiological changes in the
> human retina.
> It is being used in National Eye Institute/Age-Related
> Eye Disease Study II to evaluate age-related macular
> degeneration (AMD) geographic atrophy expansion.
> Experiments show lipofuscin can be reversed in cell
> culture and animal models in heart, brain, spinal cord,
> and retinal tissues, using an array of antioxidants
> and iron chelators.
> METHODS:
> An 80-year-old man with a gastric resection presented
> with complaints of unremitting night driving difficulty
> despite treatment with lutein and omega III fatty acids.
How stupid. First they induce the lipofuscin with the omega III fatty
acids and then they rush to treat it with the resveratrol .... I
wonder, are they doing this on purpose to increase the polyphenol
supplement sales or is this just plain idiocy?
Taka
ironjustice
the lipofuscin with the omega III fatty acids and then they rush to
treat it with the resveratrol .... I
wonder, are they doing this on purpose to increase the polyphenol
supplement sales or is this just plain idiocy? <<
He listens to what nutritionists
and dieticians and doctors and nurses tell them to do.
He was told to take fish oil "omega III fatty acids" ... INSTEAD of
the omega III fatty acids from plants.
It takes approximately three months for the 'change' to take place in
the body when one goes with the plant acids.
Evidenced by the schizophrenic recovery with plant fatty acids ..
Changes in erythrocyte membrane fatty acids during a clinical trial
of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) supplementation in schizophrenia.
Metab Brain Dis. 2009 Oct 14.
van Rensburg SJ, Smuts CM, Hon D, Kidd M, van der Merwe S,
Myburgh C, Oosthuizen P, Emsley R.
Division of Chemical Pathology, National Health Laboratory Service,
University of Stellenbosch, Stellenbosch, South Africa,
s...@sun.ac.za.
In a previously reported double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of
eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) as supplemental treatment in 40 patients
with schizophrenia, we found significant improvement in symptoms as
measured by the Positive and Negative Syndrome Scale (PANSS)
compared to placebo (Emsley et al. 2002).
Here we report changes in fatty acid composition of erythrocyte
membranes in the same sample (n = 16 in each group).
After 12 weeks of receiving EPA, levels of several saturated and
mono-unsaturated fatty acids decreased significantly while levels of
n-3 fatty acids increased significantly compared to the placebo
group.
Increases of n-3 and n-6 fatty acids in the erythrocyte membranes
were
greater in subjects who improved more than 20% on overall symptoms.
Changes in fatty acids correlated significantly with improvement in
PANSS sub-scale scores, more so in females than in males.
Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) (22:6n-3) levels increased less than
expected,
suggesting a possible defect in synthesis or incorporation of DHA
into
membranes in schizophrenia.
Improvement in dyskinesia correlated significantly with an increase
in
alpha-linolenic acid (18:3n-3; p = 0.03), and a decrease in 20:1n-9
(p
= 0.005).
PMID: 19826937
------------------
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Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
http://tinyurl.com/2r2nkh
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
> On Nov 27, 6:24 am, ironjustice <teamtan...@hotmail.com> wrote:
> > DEAD PEOPLE WALKINGhttp://tinyurl.com/zk9fk- Hide quoted text -
>
> - Show quoted text -- Hide quoted text -
>
> - Show quoted text -
ironjustice
undemonstrated "if" thinking?
The point was not what you speculate but that in the levels concerned
it was no longer a
"nutritional" substance that eating some food or another would
provide.
because that substance is not found in foods at those pharmacological
levels. <<
You are privy to the exact pharmaceutical intervention .. ?
In the human body there are deposits of iron.
When one eats a food containing a polyphenol .. there are polyphenols
in EVERY plant food .. and when one INCLUDES say plant oil WITH
quercitin the increased absorption by 100X was it .. ?
Soooo KNOWING that .. when one eats and EXCLUSIVE plant food diet ..
then the absorption OF these polyphenols will be ENHANCED simply
because the plants themselves contain the substances TOGETHER which
cause the 100X increased absorption.
Soooo by NOT eating any foods which CAUSE oxidation .. meat .. one
does not destroy the polyphenols or lipids found in the plant foods.
One simply digests the plant food normally without increased oxidation
from meat based food.
Sooo as in the schizophrenic study / three months to change the fatty
acid content and other studies which seem to point to three months to
increase the plant based fatty acids DISPLACING the meat based fatty
acids ..
Once one IS the lipid THEN the polyphenols which RESIDE in these fatty
acids which are destroyed by oxidation can disallow the oxidation to
take place ..
Polyphenols prevent oxidation ..
You DID know that .. ?
So .. in three months I believe that intervention CAN take place
through simple food manipulation..
IE: vegetarian / plant based diet sans milk cheese eggs / oxidation
causing food.
IF he wants to save his eyes ..
Theoretically ..
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
http://tinyurl.com/2r2nkh
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
co...@lover.com
but that in the levels concerned it was no longer a "nutritional"
substance that eating some food or another would provide. not a
"You are privy to the exact pharmaceutical intervention .. ? In the
human body there are deposits of iron. When one eats a food containing a
polyphenol .. there are polyphenols in EVERY plant food .. and when one
INCLUDES say plant oil WITH quercitin the increased absorption by 100X
was it .. ? Soooo KNOWING that .. when one eats and EXCLUSIVE plant food
diet .. then the absorption OF these polyphenols will be ENHANCED simply
because the plants themselves contain the substances TOGETHER which
cause the 100X increased absorption. Soooo by NOT eating any foods which
CAUSE oxidation .. meat .. one does not destroy the polyphenols or
lipids found in the plant foods. One simply digests the plant food
normally without increased oxidation from meat based food."
Now we jump from unfounded "if" thinking to airy hand waving just so
stories.
"Plant oil" was not in the article, "nutritional intervention" was the
process mentioned. Your 100 x claim, is it one of those homoepathic
nonsense "truth" claims? Or did you just pick a number out of the air?
Most of the plant substances of which you speak are not found mainly in
an "oil", or pressing of some plant one presumes. They are found in
different parts of a plant. When used as a drug they are extracted
often using some chemical solvent. Again far from "nutritional
intervention".
ironjustice
I see by your posting history you have no .. cred ..
You MUST have some cred to post or ask questions on my threads ..
Understand .. ?
Now .. fkff ..
Molecular medicine in ophthalmic care.
Richer S, Stiles W, Thomas C
Optometry 2009 Dec; 80(12):695-701.
BACKGROUND:
Lipofuscin is the most consistent and phylogenically
constant morphologic marker of cellular aging.
Autofluorescence of the A2E fluorophore within
retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) lipofuscin affords
the opportunity for noninvasive evaluation of age-
and disease-related pathophysiological changes in the
human retina.
It is being used in National Eye Institute/Age-Related
Eye Disease Study II to evaluate age-related macular
degeneration (AMD) geographic atrophy expansion.
Experiments show lipofuscin can be reversed in cell
culture and animal models in heart, brain, spinal cord,
and retinal tissues, using an array of antioxidants
and iron chelators.
METHODS:
An 80-year-old man with a gastric resection presented
with complaints of unremitting night driving difficulty
despite treatment with lutein and omega III fatty acids.
Notable parafoveal deposition of retinal lipofuscin by
50 degrees fundus auto-fluorescence
(580 nm excitation/660 barrier filters) and concurrent
abnormalities in non-Snellen measures of visual
function-Contrast Sensitivity Function, 6.5 degrees
large field tritan threshold, 10 degrees threshold visual
fields, and deficits in the National Institutes of
Health/National Eye Institute Visual Function Questionnaire
(VFQ) 25 subjective night driving/mental health subscale
questionnaire were obtained.
The patient was placed on an over-the-counter daily oral
polyphenolic mixture containing resveratrol and re-evaluated
5 months later.
RESULTS: The data reveal improvements in all measures of
visual function, subjective improvement in vision and mental
functioning on the VFQ 25, and visible clearing of RPE lipofuscin.
CONCLUSION:
To our knowledge, we believe this to be the first reported human
clinical case of lipofuscin reversal in the human eye correlated
with measured clinical and subjective improvement in visual and
mental function after nutraceutical intervention.
co...@lover.com
You MUST have some cred to post or ask questions on my threads ..
Understand .. ?
Now .. fkff .."
Too bad that there is no "nutritional" substance for a bad attitude and
false claims to being in control of a newsgroup. Just checked my box of
"cred", yep, full to the top.
Unless one considers those substances said to have mental health
benefit.
I would start if I were you with a large cup of hot cocoa, to warm your
tummy and make you feel better; if not make you a better person.
ironjustice
You MUST have some cred to post or ask questions on my threads .. <<
I should have checked your cred before .. I failed to do so ..
But .. you continue to act as if you do have some cred ..
You don't have any cred ..
You have no posting history and therefore you do not exist .. let
alone ..
have cred ..
Understand .. ?
Go over to alt.health ..
Giiiiit ..
co...@lover.com
You have no posting history and therefore you do not exist .. let
alone ..
have cred ..
Understand .. ?"
Oh golly, ge wiz, then why are you responding to some who doesn't exist?
I suggested that some "nutritional" substance might help certain mental
health problems. Does this include delusions?
You have "cred" to the extent that you come across as credible, to be
able to make cogent arguments, based on sound information well
understood.
It is not found in frequent posting.
Now given that, your "cred" by your definition would prevent you from
posting.
ironjustice
wrote:Experiments show lipofuscin can be reversed in cell culture and
animal models in heart, brain, spinal cord, and retinal tissues, using
an array of antioxidants and iron chelators.<<
"Need only about 1/100,000th the concentration of regular polyethylene
glycol"
New approach for repairing damaged nerve fibers in spinal cord
injuries using nano-spheres discovered
27. November 2009 01:11
Researchers at Purdue University have discovered a new approach for
repairing damaged nerve fibers in spinal cord injuries using nano-
spheres that could be injected into the blood shortly after an
accident.
The synthetic "copolymer micelles" are drug-delivery spheres about 60
nanometers in diameter, or roughly 100 times smaller than the diameter
of a red blood cell.
Researchers have been studying how to deliver drugs for cancer
treatment and other therapies using these spheres. Medications might
be harbored in the cores and ferried to diseased or damaged tissue.
Purdue researchers have now shown that the micelles themselves repair
damaged axons, fibers that transmit electrical impulses in the spinal
cord.
"That was a very surprising discovery," said Ji-Xin Cheng, an
associate professor in the Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering and
Department of Chemistry. "Micelles have been used for 30 years as drug-
delivery vehicles in research, but no one has ever used them directly
as a medicine."
Findings are detailed in a research paper appearing Sunday (Nov. 8) in
the journal Nature Nanotechnology.
A critical feature of micelles is that they combine two types of
polymers, one being hydrophobic and the other hydrophilic, meaning
they are either unable or able to mix with water. The hydrophobic core
can be loaded with drugs to treat disease.
The micelles might be used instead of more conventional "membrane
sealing agents," including polyethylene glycol, which makes up the
outer shell of the micelles. Because of the nanoscale size and the
polyethylene glycol shell of the micelles, they are not quickly
filtered by the kidney or captured by the liver, enabling them to
remain in the bloodstream long enough to circulate to damaged tissues.
In research led by biomedical engineering doctoral student Yunzhou
Shi, the micelles also were shown to be non-toxic at the
concentrations required.
"With the micelles, you need only about 1/100,000th the concentration
of regular polyethylene glycol," Cheng said.
Ongoing research at Purdue has shown the benefits of polyethylene
glycol, or PEG, to treat animals with spinal cord injuries. The work
is led by Richard Borgens, director of the Center for Paralysis
Research and the Mari Hulman George Professor of Neurology in the
School of Veterinary Medicine.
Findings have shown that PEG specifically targets damaged cells and
seals the injured area, reducing further damage. It also helps restore
cell function.
The new findings were made possible by the interdisciplinary nature of
the work, which involves Borgens and other Purdue researchers, Cheng
said. The collaboration included Borgens; Riyi Shi, an associate
professor of biomedical engineering and basic medical sciences; and
Kinam Park, Showalter Distinguished Professor of Biomedical
Engineering and a professor of pharmaceutics.
Findings showed that cores made of particular materials work better
than others at restoring function to damaged axons, which are slender
extensions of nerve cells.
The research also showed that without the micelles treatment about 18
percent of axons recover in a segment of damaged spinal cord tested in
a "double sucrose gap recording chamber." The micelles treatment
boosted the axon recovery to about 60 percent. The researchers used
the chamber to study how well micelles repaired damaged nerve cells by
measuring the "compound action potential," or the ability of a spinal
cord to transmit signals.
The experiment mimics what happens during a traumatic spinal cord
injury. Findings showed that micelles might be used to repair axon
membranes damaged by compression injuries, a common type of spine
injury.
The researchers also tracked dyed micelles in rats, demonstrating that
the nanoparticles were successfully delivered to injury sites.
Findings also showed micelles-treated animals recovered the
coordinated control of all four limbs, whereas animals treated with
conventional polyethylene glycol did not.
Source: Purdue University
Who loves ya.
Tom
ironjustice
When one eats a food containing a polyphenol and when one
INCLUDES say plant oil <<
Phospholipid, oleic acid micelles and dietary olive
oil influence the lutein absorption and activity of
antioxidant enzymes in rats.
Lipids. 2009 Sep;44(9):799-806. Epub 2009 Aug 14
Lakshminarayana R, Raju M, Keshava Prakash MN, Baskaran V.
Department of Biochemistry and Nutrition,
Central Food Technological Research Institute, CSIR,
Mysore, 570020, India.
This study reports on the results of repeated gavages and
dietary feeding of lutein dispersed either in phospholipids
or fatty acid micelles or vegetable oils and the effects on
lutein bioavailability and antioxidant enzymes in rats.
For the gavage study, rats (n = 5/group) were intubated with
lutein solubilized either in oleic acid (OLA, 18:1n-9) or
linoleic acid (LNA, 18:2n-6) or phosphatidylcholine (PC) or
lysophosphatidylcholine (LPC) or no phospholipid (NoPL)
micelles for 10 days.
For the dietary study, rats (n = 5/group) were fed a diet
containing fenugreek leaf (lutein source), either with olive
(OO) or sunflower (SFO) or groundnut (GNO, control) oil or
L: -alpha-lecithin (PL) for 4 weeks.
The gavage study showed that the plasma, liver and eye lutein
levels in OLA and LPC groups were higher by 23.9, 20.8 and
25.5% and 16.1, 28.5 and 14.0% than LNA and PC groups,
respectively.
The dietary study showed the plasma (35.0 and 43.5%) and eye
(18.5 and 37.0%) lutein levels in OO were higher than SFO
and GNO groups.
The plasma and eye lutein levels in the PL group were higher
by 20 and 31.3% than in the control.
It is evident that OO and PL modulate lutein absorption,
which in turn modulates antioxidant enzymes and fatty acids
in plasma and tissues compared to SFO.
Hence, selection of the fat source may be vital to enhancing
the lutein bioavailability.
PMID: 19685091
Who loves ya.
Tom
> Jesus Was A Vegetarian!http://tinyurl.com/2r2nkh
>
> Man Is A Herbivore!http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3
>
> DEAD PEOPLE WALKINGhttp://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
>
>
>
> > "IF the resveratrol and polyphenol mixture is good at what it does then
> > one could almost consider it to be an iron chelator mixture ..
>
> > Therefore an .. iron reduction therapy .."
>
> > Why dwell on undemonstrated "if" thinking? The point was not what you
> > speculate but that in the levels concerned it was no longer a
> > "nutritional" substance that eating some food or another would provide.- Hide quoted text -
ironjustice
does not destroy the polyphenols or lipids found in the plant foods.
<<
Iron decreases the antioxidant capacity of red wine under conditions
of
in vitro digestion
Konstantina Argyri, Michael Komaitis and Maria Kapsokefalou,
Department of Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of
Athens, Iera Odos 75, 11855 Athens, Greece
Received 12 July 2004; revised 15 February 2005; accepted 15
February
2005. Available online 28 April 2005.
Abstract
The hypothesis that iron and phenolics interact in the lumen during
digestion and, consequently, decrease the antioxidant capacity of
phenolics, was investigated in vitro.
Mixtures of red wine, iron, and three dietary factors that may
reduce or chelate iron in the lumen, namely ascorbic acid, meat and
casein, were subjected to a simulated gastrointestinal digestion.
The process involved incubation of samples for 4.5 h at 37 °C, at
different pHs, in the presence of peptic enzymes and fractionation
of digests through a dialysis membrane.
Antioxidant capacity (FRAP assay), iron concentration (ferrozine
assay)
and total phenolic content (Folin-Ciocalteau assay) were measured in
the in vitro digests.
Iron decreased the antioxidant capacity and the total phenolic
concentration of red wine.
Ascorbic acid increased, while meat and casein decreased, the
antioxidant capacity of red wine.
Based on these results, it was concluded that protein and iron
interact
with red wine phenolics during the in vitro digestion and decrease
their antioxidant capacity, supporting the initial hypothesis.
Keywords: Phenolics; Wine; Antioxidants; Iron; In vitro digestion
Corresponding author. Tel./fax: +30 210 5294708.
Food Chemistry
Volume 96, Issue 2 , May 2006, Pages 281-289
Who loves ya.
Tom
> Jesus Was A Vegetarian!http://tinyurl.com/2r2nkh
>
> Man Is A Herbivore!http://tinyurl.com/a3cc3
>
> DEAD PEOPLE WALKINGhttp://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
>
>
>
> > "IF the resveratrol and polyphenol mixture is good at what it does then
> > one could almost consider it to be an iron chelator mixture ..
>
> > Therefore an .. iron reduction therapy .."
>
> > Why dwell on undemonstrated "if" thinking? The point was not what you
> > speculate but that in the levels concerned it was no longer a
ironjustice
"copolymer micelles" <<
Polyphenols and polyunsaturated fatty acids boost the birth of new
neurons
November 24, 2009 Universitat Autňnoma de Barcelona (UAB, Spain)
researchers have confirmed that a diet rich in polyphenols and
polyunsaturated fatty acids, patented as an LMN diet, helps boost the
production of the brain's stem cells -neurogenesis- and strengthens
their differentiation in different types of neuron cells.
The research revealed that mice fed an LMN diet, when compared to
those fed a control diet, have more cell proliferation in the two
areas of the brain where neurogenesis is produced, the olfactory bulb
and the hippocampus, both of which are greatly damaged in patients
with Alzheimer's disease. These results give support to the
hypothesis
that a diet made up of foods rich in these antioxidant substances
could delay the onset of this disease or even slow down its
evolution.
The study will be published in the December issue of the Journal of
Alzheimer's Disease and was directed by Mercedes Unzeta, professor of
the UAB Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology.
Participating in the study were researchers from this department and
from the departments of Cell Biology, Physiology and Immunology, and
of Psychiatry and Legal Medicine, all of which are affiliated centres
of the Institute of Neuroscience of Universitat Autňnoma de
Barcelona.
The company La Morella Nuts from Reus and the ACE Foundation of the
Catalan Institute of Applied Neurosciences also collaborated in the
study.
Polyphenols can be found in tea, beer, grapes, wine, olive oil,
cocoa,
nuts and other fruits and vegetables. Polyunsaturated fatty acids can
be found in blue fish and vegetables such as corn, soya beans,
sunflowers and pumpkins. The LMN cream used in this study was
composed
of a mixture of natural products: dried fruits and nuts, coconut,
vegetable oils rich in polyunsaturated fat and flour rich in soluble
fiber. These creams were created and patented by the company La
Morella Nuts, located in Reus near Tarragona. Previous studies had
verified their effects on regulating cholesterol levels and
hypertension, two risk factors commonly associated with heart disease
and Alzheimer's disease.
During the development of the brain, stem cells generate different
neural cells (neurons, astrocytes and oligodendrocytes) which end up
forming the adult brain. Until the 1960s it was thought that the
amount of neurons in adult mammals decreased with age and that the
body was not able to renew these cells. Now it is known that new
neurons are formed in the adult brain. This generative capacity of
the
cells however is limited to two areas of the brain: the olfactory
bulb
and the hippocampus (area related to the memory and to cognitive
processes). Although the rhythm of cell proliferation decreases with
age and with neurodegenerative diseases, it is known that exercise
and
personal well being can combat this process.
The main objective of this research was to study the effect of an LMN
cream-enriched diet on the neurogenesis of the brain of an adult
mouse. Scientists used two groups of mice for the study. One group
was
given a normal diet and the other was given the same diet enriched
with LMN cream. Both groups were fed during 40 days (approximately
five years in humans). The analyses carried out in different brain
regions demonstrated that those fed with LMN cream had a
significantly
higher amount of stem cells, as well as new differentiated cells, in
the olfactory bulb and hippocampus.
The second objective was to verify if the LMN cream could prevent
damage caused by oxidation or neural death in cell cultures. Cultures
of the hippocampal and cortical cells were pretreated with LMN cream.
After causing oxidative damage with hydrogen peroxide, which killed
40% of the cells, scientists observed that a pretreatment with LMN
cream was capable of diminishing, and in some cases completely
preventing, oxidative damage. The hippocampal and cortical cells were
also damaged using amyloid beta (anomalous deposits of this protein
are related to Alzheimer's disease). The results obtained were
similar
to those obtained using hydrogen peroxide.
These results demonstrate that an LMN diet is capable of inducing the
generation of new cells in the adult brain, and of strengthening the
neural networks which become affected with age and in neurogenerative
processes such as Alzheimer's disease, as well as protecting neurons
from oxidative and neural damage, two phenomena which occur at the
origin of many diseases affecting the central nervous system.
In this study researchers have used different biochemical and
molecular analysis techniques, with the help of specific antibodies,
to detect different neuronal markers implied in the process of
differentiation.
The group of researchers led by Dr Unzeta has spent years studying
the
effects oxidases have on oxidative stress as a factor implied in
neurodegenerative disorders such as Parkinson and Alzheimer's
disease,
and the effects of different natural products with anti-inflammatory
and antioxidant properties in different experimental models of
Alzheimer's disease.
The study forms part of the CENIT project, which was awarded to La
Morella Nuts in 2006 under the auspices of the INGENIO 2010
programme,
with the objective of establishing methodologies for the design,
evaluation and verification of functional foods which may protect
against cardiovascular diseases and Alzheimer's disease. With 21.15m
euros in funding and a duration of four years, the project has
included the participation of 50 doctors and technicians from nine
different companies, four universities (7 departments) and 2 research
centres.
More information: "A diet enriched in polyphenols and polyunsaturated
fatty acids, LMN diet, induces neurogenesis in the subventricular
zone
and hippocampus of adults mouse brain". Valente et al., 2009, Journal
of Alzheimer's Disease, Volume 18:4. Valente T., Hidalgo, J., Bolea,
I., Ramírez B., Anglés, N., Reguant, J., Morelló, J.R., Gutiérrez,
C.,
Boada, M., Unzeta, M.
Source: Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona
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ironjustice
"copolymer micelles" <<
Relationship between the physical properties of chlorogenic
acid esters and their ability to inhibit lipid oxidation
in oil-in-water emulsions
Food Chemistry, Volume 118, Issue 3, 1 February 2010, Pages 830-835
Keeichi Sasaki, Jean Alamed, Jochen Weiss, Pierre Villeneuve,
Luis J. López Giraldo, Jérôme Lecomte, Maria-Cruz Figueroa-Espinoza,
Eric A. Decker
Abstract
In oil-in-water emulsions, the physical location of antioxidants
has been postulated to be one of the most important factors
impacting activity.
The purpose of this research was to examine how the esterification
of various hydrocarbon chains (C4, C8, or C12) onto chlorogenic
acid (CGA) influenced physical properties and antioxidant activity
in menhaden oil-in-water emulsions.
Both surface activity and partitioning of CGA and its hydrocarbon
esters into the lipid phase of oil-in-water emulsions increased
with increasing size of the hydrocarbon chain.
When CGA and its esters were added to a menhaden oil-in-water
emulsion at concentration that resulted in equal free radical
scavenging activity, CGA, butyl CGA and octyl CGA had similar
antioxidant activity while dodecyl CGA was ineffective.
These results suggest that phenolic antioxidants conjugated with
hydrocarbon chains are more highly associated with lipid emulsions
droplets, but these changes in physical properties did not increase
antioxidant activity.
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> DEAD PEOPLE WALKINGhttp://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
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ironjustice
"copolymer micelles" <<
Reductive dissolution of ferrihydrite by ascorbic acid and
the inhibiting effect of phospholipid
Journal of Colloid and Interface Science, Volume 341, Issue 2,
15 January 2010, Pages 215-223
Sudeep Debnath, Douglas B. Hausner, Daniel R. Strongin, James Kubicki
Graphical abstract
Reductive dissolution of ferrihydrite nanoparticles induced by
ascorbic acid is explored in the presence and absence of adsorbed
phospholipid.
The presence of adsorbed phospholipid reduces the otherwise facile
dissolution process.
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Tom
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