Soy Lecithin and Cognition
ironjustice
By Shane Starling
02-Sep-2008 - The first products containing Israeli-based supplier
Lipogen’s soy lecithin phosphatidic acid (PA) and phosphatidylserine
(PS) combination PS-Plus (PAS) ingredient has been launched in a
supplement on the Finnish market.
Scandinavian food supplements manufacturer, Hankintatukku Oy, is
selling a product called Lipogen PS-Plus containing 100mg of
phosphatidylserine and 100mg of phosphatidic acid.
Hankintatukku Oy has experience working with Lipogen as it has sold a
Lipogen PS-based product called ‘Fosfoser Memory’ for more than 15
years.
Stress buster
Lipogen PS-Plus, like its precursor, Lipogen PS, is marketed on its
ability to positively affect brain function and in particular, reduce
stress caused by “modern lifestyle issues”.
PS-Plus made its global debut on the US market earlier this year in a
dietary supplement and employs a 2003 Food and Drug Administration
(FDA)-approved qualified health claim for PS that states:
"Phosphatidylserine may reduce the risk of cognitive dysfunction in
the elderly."
Similar claims are not permitted in Europe although chief executive
officer David Rutenberg told NutraIngredients.com several brain
function claims had been submitted to the European Commission.
Rutenberg said the ingredient had earned FDA-notified, generally
recognised as safe (GRAS) approval in 2006, and food applications such
as dairy, bakery, bars and biscuits were being developed.
“PS-Plus is a combination that is clinically proven to help control
stress and improve brain function,” Gutenberg said. “Stress is an
increasingly prevalent problem and PS-Plus is a natural solution to
this problem.”
Brain damage
A recent study found 20 per cent of Fins had brain disorders which
came at a cost of three per cent of gross national product and 45 per
cent of all health-care costs.
Lipogen PS has been on the market in Europe since 1992 and so European
Union Novel Foods approval was not required as it preceded May, 1997,
the date after which novel foods and ingredients must seek formal
approval unless they can demonstrate substantial use outside the EU.
Both Lipogen PS and Lipogen PS-Plus are kosher-certified have been
used in clinical trials demonstrating their ability to benefit brain
health, especially among the elderly.
The company has been developing PS-Plus for more than six years,
Gutenberg said.
He wouldn’t reveal the ingredient’s pricing but said it did not sell
at a premium over Liogen PS.
Lipogen PS-Plus works by controlling cortisol levels, a hormone the
body can over-produce under stressful conditions, which can adversely
affect the body's natural production of PS and PA. PS and PA are found
in the outer membrane of the brain and help it function optimally.
A 2004 clinical study conducted at the University of Trier, Germany
and published in the International Journal on the Biology of Stress,
demonstrated Lipogen PAS can boost PS and PA levels required to
curtail the hormonal reaction to stress and therefore improve
performance.
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
http://tinyurl.com/634q5a
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://tinyurl.com/4rq595
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
ironjustice
recent study found 20 per cent of Fins had brain disorders <<
I . . KNEW .. it ..
Just kidding ..
Isn't it the Finns who would be big on fish .. ?
Wouldn't they have a higher intake than the rest of the world on
average for fish consumption .. ?
Therefore giving us somewhat of an insight to the workings of fish
oil .. ?
Therefore giving us a bit of an idea fish oil DOES NOT replace the
NEED for vegetable oils .. ?
jay
> Wouldn't they have a higher intake than the rest of the world on
> average for fish consumption .. ? Therefore giving us
> somewhat of an insight to the workings of fish oil .. ?
Or possibly an insight to the workings of Persistent Organic
Pollutants.
www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/01/040109072244.htm
Farmed Salmon More Toxic Than Wild Salmon, Study Finds
ScienceDaily (Jan. 9, 2004) — BLOOMINGTON, Ind. -- A study of more
than two metric tons of North American, South American and European
salmon has shown that PCBs and other environmental toxins are present
at higher levels in farm-raised salmon than in their wild
counterparts. Researchers at Indiana University and five other
research centers say increased toxin levels in farm-raised salmon may
pose health risks to people who eat the economically important fish.
Their study, which appears in this week's (Jan. 9) Science, is the
most comprehensive analysis to date of salmon toxin concentrations.
"We think it's important for people who eat salmon to know that farmed
salmon have higher levels of toxins than wild salmon from the open
ocean," said IU School of Public and Environmental Affairs
Distinguished Professor Ronald Hites, who led the study.
The researchers applied U.S. Environmental Protection Agency fish
consumption advisory methods to determine consumption recommendations.
Farmed salmon purchased for the study from supermarkets in Frankfurt,
Edinburgh, Paris, London, Oslo, Boston, San Francisco, and Toronto
triggered consumption recommendations of one-half to one meal of
salmon per month. (A meal is defined as 8 oz. of uncooked meat.)
Farmed salmon from supermarkets in Los Angeles, Washington, D.C.,
Seattle, Chicago, New York and Vancouver triggered a recommendation of
no more than two salmon meals per month. Farmed salmon from Denver and
New Orleans supermarkets both triggered a consumption recommendation
of two meals of salmon per month. With very few exceptions, farmed
salmon samples tested significantly exceeded the containment levels of
wild salmon, which could be consumed at levels as high as eight meals
per month.
The production of farmed salmon has increased 40-fold over the last
two decades, thanks in large part to the world's salmon farms. Over
half the salmon sold globally are raised in Northern Europe, Chile and
North America.
While the health benefits of eating salmon have been established by
numerous studies, concerns about the fish's tendency to accumulate
toxins have gone largely unaddressed. As fish eaters themselves,
salmon occupy fairly high positions in their food chains. As a general
rule, carnivorous animals tend to have higher concentrations of toxins
in their bodies than herbivores.
To test this ecological principle, Hites and his colleagues measured
organochlorine toxin levels in about 700 farmed and wild salmon. Farm-
raised Atlantic salmon were purchased from retailers in London (U.K.),
Frankfurt (Germany), Edinburgh (Scotland), Oslo (Norway), Paris
(France), Toronto, Vancouver, Boston, Chicago, Denver, Los Angeles,
New Orleans, New York, San Francisco, Seattle and Washington, D.C.,
and from wholesalers in North America, Chile and Europe.
For comparison, the researchers collected samples of five wild Pacific
salmon species -- Chinook, Coho, chum, pink and sockeye -- from three
different regions in North America. The researchers did not study
farmed Pacific salmon or wild Atlantic salmon because fish from the
two groups are difficult to obtain.
The researchers analyzed the concentrations of 14 organochlorine
toxins in salmon from each collection site, using gas chromatographic
high-resolution spectrometry. The toxins they studied were
polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), dioxins, toxaphene, dieldrin,
hexachlorobenzene (HCB), lindane, heptachlor epoxide, cis-nonachlor,
trans-nonachlor, gamma-chlordane, alpha-chlordane, Mirex, endrin and
total DDT. Many of these toxins, including PCBs, dioxins and
toxaphene, are each "reasonably anticipated to be a human carcinogen,"
according to a recent report by the U.S. Department of Health and
Human Services.
When samples from all over the world were grouped, the researchers
found farm-raised Atlantic salmon had significantly higher levels of
13 toxins when compared with wild Pacific salmon. Breaking it down by
region, the researchers found levels of all 14 toxins were
significantly elevated in both European and North American farm-raised
salmon when compared with wild Pacific salmon. Levels of only 6 toxins
were significantly elevated in South American farm-raised salmon.
Levels of two toxins (HCB and lindane) were actually significantly
lower in farm-raised South American salmon than in wild salmon
species.
Only PCBs, dioxins, dieldrin and toxaphene were used to calculate
consumption safety guidelines, because the researchers deemed these
four toxins to most strongly impact human health.
The researchers also found toxin levels in European farm-raised salmon
were significantly higher than in North American or South American
farm-raised salmon. Levels of PCBs, dioxins, toxaphene and dieldrin
were highest in farmed salmon from Scotland and the Faroe Islands
(Denmark) and lowest in farmed salmon from Chile and Washington state,
though Hites pointed out that even these comparatively uncontaminated
South American salmon had high levels of other toxins.
Hites and his colleagues also measured toxin levels in "salmon chow,"
a mixture of ground-up fish and oil fed to farm-raised salmon. They
found a strong correlation between the toxicities of chow and salmon,
suggesting toxins are passed into the salmon from their feed.
--------------------------------------------
www.ehponline.org/members/2005/7626/7626.pdf
Risk-Based Consumption Advice for Farmed Atlantic and Wild Pacific
Salmon
Contaminated with Dioxins and Dioxin-like Compounds
We reported recently that several organic contaminants occurred at
elevated concentrations in farmed Atlantic salmon compared with
concentrations of the same contaminants in wild Pacific salmon. We
also found that polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), toxaphene, dieldrin,
dioxins, and polybrominated diphenyl ethers occurred at higher
concentrations in European farm-raised salmon than in farmed salmon
from North and South America. Health risks (based on a quantitative
cancer risk assessment) associated with consumption of farmed salmon
contaminated with PCBs, toxaphene, and dieldrin were higher than risks
associated with exposure to the same contaminants in wild salmon. Here
we present information on cancer and noncancer health risks of
exposure to dioxins in farmed and wild salmon. The analysis is based
on a tolerable intake level for dioxin-like compounds established by
the World Health Organization and on risk estimates for human exposure
to dioxins developed by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.
Consumption of farmed salmon at relatively low frequencies results in
elevated exposure to dioxins and dioxin-like compounds with
commensurate elevation in estimates of health risk.
--------------------------
http://www.ourstolenfuture.com/Basics/chemlist.htm
ironjustice
insight to the workings of Persistent Organic Pollutants. <<
You can't seem to understand .. simple .. English ..
The hypothesis is NOT .. supported .. by anyone ..
Safe levels have been established and accepted ..
There are nothing but rodents poisonings to back up ANYTHING ..
The CONSENSUS is :
"Does dioxin exert toxic effects in humans at or near current
background body levels?"
"We reach the evidence-based conclusion that the proposition is
rejected"
------------------
Nobel Peace Prize winner Norman Borlaug warns that society is in the
“grip of a virulent strain of chemical-phobia” induced by the “pseudo-
scientific promoters of toxic terror.
------------------
Bruce Ames the Nobel Prize winner says .. equivalent to ingesting one
beer every 345 years ..
------------------
”http://www.heartland.org/Article.cfm?artId=12580
NAS Rejects New Dioxin Regulation
Written By: James M. Taylor
Published In: Environment & Climate News
Publication Date: July 23, 2003
Publisher: The Heartland Institute
After decades at the top of the list of “deadly chemicals” decried by
liberal environmentalists, dioxin’s risk has been found to be too
small to merit new government regulations.
Common-sense dietary balance, rather than restrictive government
regulation, should guide people in reducing their intake of dioxin,
reported the Institute of Medicine of the National Academy of Sciences
(NAS) on July 1.
The NAS report culminated a decade-long dioxin assessment begun by the
Environmental Protection Agency, but then transferred to the NAS after
other federal agencies questioned EPA’s impartiality and commitment to
sound scientific principles.
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
http://tinyurl.com/634q5a
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://tinyurl.com/4rq595
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
Juhana Harju
>> Isn't it the Finns who would be big on fish .. ?
>> Wouldn't they have a higher intake than the rest of the world on
>> average for fish consumption .. ? Therefore giving us
>> somewhat of an insight to the workings of fish oil .. ?
>
> Or possibly an insight to the workings of Persistent Organic
> Pollutants.
>
> www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/01/040109072244.htm
> Farmed Salmon More Toxic Than Wild Salmon, Study Finds
> ScienceDaily (Jan. 9, 2004) — BLOOMINGTON, Ind. -- A study of more
> than two metric tons of North American, South American and European
> salmon has shown that PCBs and other environmental toxins are present
> at higher levels in farm-raised salmon than in their wild
> counterparts.
That is a nice try, but Finnish fishermen who eat more fish than the general
population have been found to be healthier and live many years longer than
others.
http://ije.oxfordjournals.org/cgi/content/abstract/dyn117
In addition, Finnish farmed fish has been found to contain much lower levels
of environmental toxins than the local wild fish.
--
Juhana
jay
> > > Isn't it the Finns who would be big on fish .. ?
> > > Wouldn't they have a higher intake than the rest of the world
> > > on average for fish consumption .. ? Therefore giving us
> > > somewhat of an insight to the workings of fish oil .. ?
>
>
> > www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2004/01/040109072244.htm
> > Farmed Salmon More Toxic Than Wild Salmon, Study Finds
>
> than the general population have been found to be healthier
> and live many years longer than others.
> much lower levels of environmental toxins than the local wild fish.
From the above link:
"Results: The average fish consumption and serum concentrations of
fish-derived fatty acids and environmental contaminants were higher
among the fishermen and their wives than among the general population
from the same region. The fishermen and their wives had lower
mortality from all causes and ischaemic heart diseases than the
general population. Mortality from cerebrovascular diseases and
malignant neoplasms was decreased among the fishermen, but not among
the wives....
Conclusions: The fishermen and their wives had lower mortality from
many natural causes. The high intakes of environmental contaminants in
fish were not seen as excess mortality."
From what I have read, fish oil reduces inflammation in most people.
So what might account for "20 per cent of Fins had brain disorders"
sited by ironjustice?
Juhana Harju
I have not seen such a study and I am somewhat suspicious of such a result.
Still my opinion is that the low consumption of vegetables and fruits in
Finland is detrimental to brain health. Low dietary intake of folate raises
homocysteine which in turn increases the risk of dementia. Also the intake
of some foods which are known to be protective (e.g. green tea, turmeric,
red wine) is quite low here. In addition the habit of binge drinking, still
quite common among Finns, is not good for brain health.
--
Juhana
"Aliquando insanire iucundum est."
- Seneca
Juhana Harju
Eur J Epidemiol. 2000 Apr;16(4):357-63.
Intake of flavonoids and risk of dementia.
Commenges D, Scotet V, Renaud S, Jacqmin-Gadda H, Barberger-Gateau P,
Dartigues JF.
Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U330, Bordeaux,
France.
It has been postulated that oxidative stress may play a key role in
dementia. This is substantiated by the recent discovery of the protective
effect of wine. In wine, the flavonoids--powerful antioxidant substances
also contained in tea, fruits and vegetables--have been thought to offer
such protection. We investigated whether flavonoid intake could be
associated with a lower incidence of dementia in a cohort of 1367 subjects
above 65 years of age (Paquid). A questionnaire was used to evaluate their
intake of flavonoids and subjects were followed-up for 5 years between 1991
and 1996: 66 incident cases of dementia were observed. We estimated the
relative risk (RR) of dementia according to tertiles of flavonoid intake
using a Cox model. The age-adjusted RR of dementia was 0.55 for the two
highest tertiles compared to the lowest (95% CI: 0.34-0.90; p = 0.02). After
additional adjustment for gender, education, weight and vitamin C intake,
the RR was 0.49 (95% CI: 0.26-0.92; p = 0.04). We conclude that the intake
of antioxidant flavonoids is inversely related to the risk of incident
dementia. PMID: 10959944
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10959944
Fruit and vegetable consumption in EU contries:
http://newsimg.bbc.co.uk/media/images/42492000/gif/_42492069_eu_consumption_416gr.gif
jay
> dementia. This is substantiated by the recent discovery of the protective
> effect of wine. In wine, the flavonoids--powerful antioxidant substances
> also contained in tea, fruits and vegetables--have been thought to offer
> of antioxidant flavonoids is inversely related to the risk of incident
> dementia. PMID: 10959944
Lots of diseases boil down to ox stress. So identifiying the major
promoters and suppressor would be important. What would you add/
substract?
Promoters:
Diet: Processed foods, excess calories, hi polyunsats, iron, POPs.
Lifestyle: Stress, physical inactivity, heavy drinking.
Suppressors:
Diet: Hi fiber, fruits & veggies, calorie restriction.
Stress Mgmt: Exercise, yoga, meditation, etc.
Antiox: ALA, ALCAR, CoQ10, NAC, turmeric, tea, wine, choc.
Anti-inflam: Fish oil, NSAID.
jay
> related to the risk of incident dementia. PMID: 10959944
The modulatory effects of ellagic acid and vitamin E succinate on TCDD-
induced oxidative stress in different brain regions of rats after
subchronic exposure.
The effects of ellagic acid (EA) and vitamin E succinate (VES) on TCDD-
induced oxidative stress in different brain regions of rats have been
studied after subchronic exposure to the compounds. TCDD was
administered to groups of rats at a dose of 46 ng/kg/day for 90 days.
EA and VES were administered to groups of rats, either separately or
simultaneously with TCDD, every other day for 90 days. At the end of
the treatment period, animals were sacrificed and brains were
dissected to cerebral cortex (Cc), hippocampus (H), cerebellum (C),
and brain stem (Bs), and were assayed for production of superoxide
anion (SA), lipid peroxidation (LP), and DNA single-strand breaks
(SSBs). While TCDD administration to rats resulted in significant
production of SA, LP, and DNA SSBs in Cc and H, simultaneous
administration of VES or EA with the xenobiotics resulted in
significant protection against those effects. The results also
indicate that VES provided a better protyection against TCDD-induced
effects in brains when compared with EA. PMID: 15452880
vernono
Ron Peterson
> Therefore giving us a bit of an idea fish oil DOES NOT replace the
> NEED for vegetable oils .. ?
Are you claiming that vegetable oil has something that fish oil
doesn't have?
Juhana Harju
>> It has been postulated that oxidative stress may play a key role in
>> dementia. This is substantiated by the recent discovery of the
>> protective effect of wine. In wine, the flavonoids--powerful
>> antioxidant substances also contained in tea, fruits and
>> vegetables--have been thought to offer such protection. ... We
>> conclude that the intake
>> of antioxidant flavonoids is inversely related to the risk of
>> incident dementia. PMID: 10959944
>
> Lots of diseases boil down to ox stress. So identifiying the major
> promoters and suppressor would be important. What would you add/
> substract?
>
> Promoters:
> Diet: Processed foods, excess calories, hi polyunsats, iron, POPs.
> Lifestyle: Stress, physical inactivity, heavy drinking.
Normal metabolism combined with ageing. Free radicals are generated by the
normal metabolism. A young body is able to counteract most of those
substances by endogenous antioxidants (superoxide dismutase, catalase, and
glutathione), but ageing reduces their production. Hence there is an
increased need of dietary antioxidants.
> Suppressors:
> Diet: Hi fiber, fruits & veggies, calorie restriction.
> Stress Mgmt: Exercise, yoga, meditation, etc.
> Antiox: ALA, ALCAR, CoQ10, NAC, turmeric, tea, wine, choc.
> Anti-inflam: Fish oil, NSAID.
--
trigonometry1972@gmail.com |
> On Sep 2, 8:39 am, ironjustice <ironjust...@cashette.com> wrote:A
> recent study found 20 per cent of Fins had brain disorders <<
>
> I . . KNEW .. it ..
>
> Just kidding ..
>
> Isn't it the Finns who would be big on fish .. ?
>
> Wouldn't they have a higher intake than the rest of the world on
> average for fish consumption .. ?
>
> Therefore giving us somewhat of an insight to the workings of fish
> oil .. ?
>
> Therefore giving us a bit of an idea fish oil DOES NOT replace the
> NEED for vegetable oils .. ?
>
> Who loves ya.
> Tom
>
The Finns are big on dairy as I recall.
Juhana Harju
> The Finns are big on dairy as I recall.
That is correct. Finland also has one of the highest rates of coffee
consumption in the world. While moderate consumption is associated with
reduced incidence of cognitive decline, many Finns may drink too much of it.
"An inverse and J-shaped association was observed between the number of cups
of coffee consumed and cognitive decline, with the least cognitive decline
for three cups of coffee per day."
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/16929246
Related figure:
http://www.nature.com/ejcn/journal/v61/n2/fig_tab/1602495f2.html#figure-title
--
Juhana
"Aliquando insanire iucundum est."
— Seneca
Juhana Harju
> Lipogen brain health ingredient makes European debut
> By Shane Starling
>
> 02-Sep-2008 - The first products containing Israeli-based supplier
> Lipogen’s soy lecithin phosphatidic acid (PA) and phosphatidylserine
> (PS) combination PS-Plus (PAS) ingredient has been launched in a
> supplement on the Finnish market.
>
> Scandinavian food supplements manufacturer, Hankintatukku Oy, is
> selling a product called Lipogen PS-Plus containing 100mg of
> phosphatidylserine and 100mg of phosphatidic acid.
Mackerel and herring are food sources high in phosphatidylserine.
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phosphatidylserine
jay
> fish-derived fatty acids and environmental contaminants were higher
> among the fishermen and their wives than among the general
> population from the same region.
-----------------------
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0140673600022960
Dioxin concentrations in a population that frequently eat fish from
the Baltic Sea are comparable to those seen in inhabitants of Seveso,
Italy, after the accidental release of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-
dioxin (TCDD) in 1976. Individual variations in the congener patterns
in human beings are similar to congener patterns in the fish species
consumed.
------------------------------
http://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=2475943
...Among the general population in Finland the variation in dioxin
concentrations is very large, because the dominant source of dioxins
is fish, and fish consumption varies widely in the population.
---------------------
http://www.ktl.fi/dioxin/ptoq.html
PCDD/F - concentration in humans.
...The levels of seventeen PCDD/Fs in milk fat of primiparae mothers
in central Europe were in 1994 about 20 ng/kg (as WHO TEqs in fat),
and in less industrialised areas often around 10 ng/kg. However, since
the cumulation of dioxins is very slow, the concentrations will
increase during most of the lifetime. In Finland, the level in 20 year
old population is 5-20 ng/kg (TEq in fat), but in 60 year old
population it is 20-100 ng/kg. In chemical industries concentrations
of up to several thousand ng/kg have been measured, and the highest
measured concentrations in Seveso accident (see this) were 56,000 ng/
kg (TCDD in fat). Dioxin concentrations have decreased during 1980s
and 1990s.
PCDD/F - tooth effects.
These were clearly shown in Yusho incident. At lower concentrations in
Finland, defective mineralization of the first permanent molar teeth,
which are formed during the two first years of life, correlated with
PCDD/F exposure during breast-feeding. This may be the most sensitive
effect of PCDD/Fs ever seen in humans.
-----------------------
www.epa.gov/fishadvisories/advisories/news/newsjune06.htm
Polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans, biphenyls,
naphthalenes and polybrominated diphenyl ethers in the edible fish
caught from the Baltic Sea and lakes in Finland. A total of 156 fish
composite samples were collected from five areas of the Baltic Sea and
from three lakes and analyzed for polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins
and dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs),
polychlorinated naphthalenes (PCNs) and polybrominated diphenyl ethers
(PBDEs). The European Union's maximum permissible level for PCDD/Fs, 4
pg WHO-TEQ/g fresh weight (fw) [parts per trillion, pptr], was
exceeded in salmon, river lamprey and Baltic herring. In other species
from the Baltic Sea, the 90th percentile was 3.42 pptr. In the lake
fish, the concentrations of PCDD/Fs, PCBs and PCNs were only 29-46% of
those in the same species caught from the Baltic Sea, whereas the
concentrations of PBDEs in the lake fish were as high as in the Baltic
Sea fish. Dioxin-like PCBs contributed to the total dioxin-like
toxicity of PCBs and PCDD/Fs by 49 +/- 12% in all the analyzed
samples.
Accumulation of PCBs and organochlorine pesticides in river-caught
European river lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis) in Finland. Dioxin-like
toxic effects to humans have been reported not only by PCBs with a
dioxin like structure but also those with a different substitution
pattern of chlorine atoms on the molecule. Specific accumulations of
PCBs and their congeners in edible fish, including the lamprey L.
fluvialtilis, in the southern portion of the Baltic Sea have been
reported. These levels of PCBs ranged from 110 to 230 µg kg-1 [parts
per billion, ppb]. Bioaccumulation of various toxic compounds in fish
and bivalves from fresh and coastal waters in Finland have been
reported, but no information has been collected on PCB and
organochlorine residues in lamprey in the northern portion of the
Baltic Sea. This research reports levels of various PCB congeners and
some pesticides in river-caught lamprey from Finland. Federal agencies
have set action limits for some residues in fish caught in Finland. In
the present study, the maximum residue level in lampreys was 3 ppb for
lindane (action level is 200 ppb); 87 ppb for total DDT (action level
is 500 ppb); and 180 ppb for total PCBs (action level is 2,000 ppb).
All measured residues were below their respective action limits.
Although concentrations were higher in river lamprey than pike and
Baltic herring, lamprey appear to be safe for consumption.
----------------------
http://westonaprice.org/envtoxins/dioxins.html
... in Finland, fish accounted for 94 percent of dioxin TEQ intake ...
Table 2 gives data from Finland. Although animal products have a
tendency to be higher on the list, vegetables have higher
concentrations than milk products, and cereal products have more than
a 4-fold concentration of dioxins compared to milk products. Fish take
the cake in Finland, with 163 times the dioxin concentration compared
to their nearest competitor...
Dioxin Concentration in Foodstuffs, Finland, 2004.
FOOD ITEM, PG DIOXIN TEQ/G PRODUCT
Fish, 1.80000
Fats, 0.01100
Meat and Eggs, 0.00820
Cereal Products, 0.00430
Solid Milk Products, 0.00270
Vegetables, 0.00120
Liquid Milk Products, 0.000930
Fruits and Berries, 0.000830
Beverages, 0.000170
Potato Products, 0.000031
--------------------
http://www.nrdc.org/breastmilk/chem9.asp
Chemical Pollution and Mother's Milk
Sometimes congener patterns of dioxins in breast milk can help to
identify the source of exposure. In Finland, significant differences
in the congener make-up of dioxins in breast milk emerged in different
regions of the country. The researchers eventually traced the
differences to the types of fish consumed in these regions. Different
species of fish were contaminated with different congener
combinations.
--------------------------
www.ecospace.cc/neweco/food/dioxin-ice-cream.htm
Dioxin ice cream
Mmmm… ice cream.. triple-choc, rocky road, caramel swirl, dioxin…
dioxin?? Finland dairy goods producer Valio is withdrawing ice cream
from stores as a batch of imported guar gum used in production was
detected to have high levels of dioxin. The contamination issue isn’t
confined to Finland or just ice cream.Guar gum is sometimes used as a
thickener in cream during the ice cream making process, but other food
manufacturers in the EU are also pulling products from shelves.EU food
safety officials issued an alert on guar gum earlier in August after
high levels of dioxin were found in guar gum imported from India.
India accounts for 80 percent of world trade in guar gum, also known
as guaran, which is extracted from the guar bean. In ingredients lists
on products in the EU, its presence may be signified by (E412)Dioxins
are a type of highly toxic chemicals, the chlorinated dioxins and
furans, formed as a by-product of industrial processes involving
chlorine, such as pesticide and plastics manufacturing. Dioxins take a
long time to break down, so toxic levels can accumulate in the tissues
of plants and animals over extended periods. Some say there are no
“safe” levels. According to the EPA - “Because dioxins are so
widespread, we all have some level of dioxins in our bodies.”
It’s not clear yet as to how the dioxin contaminated the gum, how long
for and how much is involved.
Guar gum is also used extensively in baked goods, other dairy
products, meat products, dressings, sauces, soups, frozen foods and
animal feed.
According to the UK’s Food Standards Agency, “Based on the information
so far available, there is no immediate health risk to consumers, but
as these chemicals have the potential for a range of toxic effects,
people shouldn’t be exposed to them unnecessarily”
It’s interesting to note that the USA is a major consumer of guar gum,
but I haven’t been able been able to locate any announcements or
concerns from the FDA - maybe the USA doesn’t import the ingredient
from India?
All these food safety issues and recalls of late certainly make me
wonder - are we just getting more careful/paranoid about our food, or
is what we are seeing further evidence of environmental stress and
chemical saturation, an ecological tipping point where practically all
our food is becoming loaded with toxins?
---------------------
http://www.ejnet.org/dioxin/
Juhana Harju
> All these food safety issues and recalls of late certainly make me
> wonder - are we just getting more careful/paranoid about our food, or
> is what we are seeing further evidence of environmental stress and
> chemical saturation, an ecological tipping point where practically all
> our food is becoming loaded with toxins?
Environmental toxins are certainly a concern and one should try to minimize
the intake, but I think that it is important to look at the endpoints, i.e.
morbidity and mortality. Studies are consistently showing that fish
consumption is beneficial; higher intake of long chain omega-3 fatty acids
prevents cardiovascular diseases and is associated with lower all-cause
mortality. Environmental toxins, at the present levels, only seem to
attenuate the healthful effect of fish consumption.
Here is another study:
http://atvb.ahajournals.org/cgi/content/full/25/1/228
ironjustice
Are you claiming that vegetable oil has something that fish oil
doesn't have?
<<
I've told you once .. and you said you had .. proof .. my memory is
faulty ..
You did not supply a study which confirmed your suspicians that the
fatty acids found in fish are ABLE to become the fatty acids found
in .. **plants** .
My studies found it is a well known fact fish oil is DEVOID of the
plant fatty acids.
Coincidentally devoid OF the .. precursers to the ..
phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid.
Sooo .. once AGAIN .. the claim IS .. : fish are DEVOID of the
precursers TO ..
phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid .. and therefore those fatty
acids which keep one from going .. mental are supplied ONLY by plants.
ironjustice
therefore those fatty acids which keep one from going .. mental are
supplied ONLY by plants.
<<
And then .. from memory you KNOW everybody since Adam has been
pointing to the fact there seems to be a link between B vitamins and
mental disturbance IE: Hoffer and Harvard .. then one might if one
were so inclined .. to wonder .. whether .. there is a 'link' /
association between B vitamins and these fatty acids the guys are
trying out on the Finns .. phosphatidylserine and phosphatidic acid.
WHAT link is there to be made with the B vitamin mental mystery and
the Lipogen these fellas are putting .. forth in the Finnish .. ?
Is there a link or is it just one portion of an array of disturbances
which may cause mental illness at such a VERY .. high rate .. ? If you
lack B you go nuts .. if you lack these fatty acids do they PREVENT
the B vitamins from working .. ? .. etc .. ?
But we do know soybean lecithin is RICH in B vitamins and that is
WHERE they are getting their Lipogen .. from .. ?
Juhana Harju
> A recent study found 20 per cent of Fins had brain disorders which
> came at a cost of three per cent of gross national product and 45 per
> cent of all health-care costs.
Tom, can you provide a link to this study? It would be interesting to see
it.
--
Juhana
ironjustice
Tom, can you provide a link to this study? It would be interesting to
see
it.<<
Nope ... as you can see THEY said it ..
jay
> cardiovascular diseases and is associated
> with lower all-cause mortality.
Found the following abstract interesting. It suggests n3 DHA reduces
TCDD-induced lipid peroxidation via two mechanisms: AhR & non-AhR
dependent pathways.
J Biochem Toxicol. 1996;11(6):269-78.Links
Protective action of dehydroascorbic acid on the Ah receptor-dependent
and receptor-independent induction of lipid peroxidation in adipose
tissue of male guinea pig caused by TCDD administration.
The effect of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) on lipid
peroxidation, 3H-Me-glucose (3H-Me-glu), and 14C-dehydroascorbic acid
(14C-DHA) uptakes were studied in adipose tissue of male guinea pig.
Under in vitro test conditions, using isolated adipose tissue in a
culture medium (explant culture), TCDD reduced the uptake of 3H-Me-glu
and 14C-DHA in a dose- and time-dependent fashion. The IC50 values of
TCDD's action were 0.04 and 2 nM on 14C-DHA and 3H-Me-glu uptakes,
respectively. TCDD (10 nM) also suppressed glucose transporting
activity within 15 minutes in explant-cultured adipocytes.
Cytochalasin B (CB) and nonlabeled D-glucose inhibited 14C-DHA uptake
also in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, TCDD was found to induce
lipid peroxidation in explant-cultured adipose tissue. This effect of
TCDD was similar to that of a typical lipid peroxidation inducer,
CCl4, and it was dose and time dependent. TCDD caused a statistically
significant rise in lipid peroxidation at a concentration as low as
0.1 nM after 60 minutes of treatment in explant culture. Unexpectedly,
the Ah receptor partial antagonists, 4,7-phenanthroline and alpha-
naphthoflavone, did not fully antagonize TCDD-induced lipid
peroxidation in explant-cultured adipocytes. In vivo treatment of TCDD
also induced lipid peroxidation. Among seven organs of male guinea pig
tested, the levels of lipid peroxidation in adipose tissue and in
liver increased at 1 and 40 days following a single i.p. dose of TCDD
(1 microgram/kg). The results of an in vivo time-course study
indicated that such an effect of TCDD was most pronounced after 40
days of treatment. Finally, we have tested the protective role of some
antioxidants on TCDD-induced lipid peroxidation under explant-culture
conditions. The results indicated that DHA, but not ascorbic acid,
could completely abolish TCDD-induced lipid peroxidation. The
protective effect of DHA on TCDD-induced lipid peroxidation was
stronger than that of alpha-tocopherol and uric acid, and this effect
was blocked by CB. We conclude from these studies that TCDD acts in
this guinea pig tissue through two different routes: one is the Ah
receptor-dependent route causing the reduction of the level of glucose
transporters and subsequent decrease of cellular uptake of DHA and the
other, the Ah receptor-independent route causing the overall lipid
peroxidation. Nevertheless, it appears likely that both events are
antagonized by DHA. PMID: 9176739
Ron Peterson
> On Sep 2, 7:59 pm, Ron Peterson <r...@shell.core.com> wrote:
> Are you claiming that vegetable oil has something that fish oil
> doesn't have?
> My studies found it is a well known fact fish oil is DEVOID of the
> plant fatty acids.
http://www.thepaleodiet.com/nutritional_tools/omega3.shtml says that
carp has as much ALA as EPA and DHA combined. Other species of fish
have minimal amounts.
--
Ron
Juhana Harju
> On Sep 3, 11:05 am, "Juhana Harju" <n...@mail.fi> wrote:
>> Tom, can you provide a link to this study? It would be interesting to
>> see it.
>
> Nope ... as you can see THEY said it ..
OK. Anyway, I doubt such claim.
--
Juhana
Ron Peterson
Juhana Harju
Thanks, Ron. It seems that the term "brain disorders" has been used quite
liberally. The prevalence of brain related disorders does not appear to be
exceptionally high in Finland as in this study it is estimated that one
*quarter* of Danish citizens are affected by brain diseases:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18569774
--
Juhana
"Aliquando insanire iucundum est."
- Seneca
Juhana Harju
Below is a detailed report on the subject (full text PDF).
http://www.sinapsa.org/Osnova/Materiali/Cost-paper-EBC.pdf
*Figure 4* on page 21 reveals that the highest prevalence of brain disorders
in Europe is in Netherlands, affecting 36 percent of the population. The
lowest prevalence is in Spain, affecting about 19 percent of its population.
"Interestingly, some northern European countries (The Netherlands, Norway,
Sweden and Germany) have the highest prevalence of brain disorders, whereas
southern European countries (France, Italy and Spain) have lower
prevalences."
Perhaps the Mediterranean diet is protective once again as seen in many
other diseases.
Ron Peterson
> http://www.sinapsa.org/Osnova/Materiali/Cost-paper-EBC.pdf
> *Figure 4* on page 21 reveals that the highest prevalence of brain disorders
> in Europe is in Netherlands, affecting 36 percent of the population. The
> lowest prevalence is in Spain, affecting about 19 percent of its population.
> "Interestingly, some northern European countries (The Netherlands, Norway,
> Sweden and Germany) have the highest prevalence of brain disorders, whereas
> southern European countries (France, Italy and Spain) have lower
> prevalences."
> Perhaps the Mediterranean diet is protective once again as seen in many
> other diseases.
It looks like a vitamin D deficiency problem to me.
--
Ron
Juhana Harju
That occured to my mind as well, but contrary to what one might expect the
calcidiol levels [25(OH)D] reflecting vitamin D status are not higher in
Mediterranean countries than in Scandinavia.
ironj...@aol.com
Public release date: 4-Sep-2008
Contact: Professor Paavo Kinnunen
paavo.k...@helsinki.fi
358-919-125-400
University of Helsinki
Unsuccessful drug against anxiety opens a novel gateway for the
treatment of cancer
Unsatisfying drug for anxiety reveals scientists a promising novel
anti-cancer drug target.
Cancer cells have multiple ways to avoid apoptosis, programmed cell
death the means by which organisms deal with defective cells. One
defense is to produce quantities of phosphatic acid, a phospholipid
constituent of cellular membranes.
Unlike other phospholipids, phosphatidic acid also acts as a signaling
molecule for cells promoting cellular growth and preventing apoptosis.
Finnish and Danish researchers have now shown that phosphatidic acid
may well be a target molecule for novel anti-cancer drugs.
Siramesine is a drug molecule developed and synthesized by Lundbeck A/
S for the treatment of anxiety. Its development was discontinued due
to unsatisfying efficacy in clinical trials in 2002. Later professor
Marja Jäättelä and co-workers at the Danish cancer institute
discovered that siramesine effectively inhibits the growth of both
cultured cancer cells as well as solid tumors in mice. Siramesine is
known to bind sigma-receptors, which physiological role remains
unknown, on the cellular surface and this interaction was also
believed to underlie its anti-tumor actions.
Researchers at the University of Helsinki, Finland, lead by Professor
Paavo Kinnunen, studied the interaction of this drug with different
phospholipids using biophysical methods and different model cellular
membranes. In addition a computer simulation was performed as
collaboration with MEMPHYS, Odense, Denmark, to further their
understanding of this interaction.
"The key finding of our study was that siramesine avidly and
specifically binds to phosphatidic acid", says MD Mikko Parry from
Helsinki Biophysics & Biomembrane group at the Institute of
Biomedicine, University of Helsinki.
"Importantly, this is the first time it's shown that a lipid second
messenger can act as a drug target: it is a totally new mechanism of
action and constitutes a novel paradigm for developing new, more
effective anti-cancer drugs."
###
Who loves ya.
Tom
Jesus Was A Vegetarian!
http://tinyurl.com/634q5a
Man Is A Herbivore!
http://tinyurl.com/4rq595
DEAD PEOPLE WALKING
http://tinyurl.com/zk9fk
> Lipogen brain health ingredient makes European debut
> By Shane Starling
>
> 02-Sep-2008 - The first products containing Israeli-based supplier
> Lipogen’s soy lecithin phosphatidic acid (PA) and phosphatidylserine
> (PS) combination PS-Plus (PAS) ingredient has been launched in a
> supplement on the Finnish market.
>
> Scandinavian food supplements manufacturer, Hankintatukku Oy, is
> selling a product called Lipogen PS-Plus containing 100mg of
> phosphatidylserine and 100mg of phosphatidic acid.
>
> Hankintatukku Oy has experience working with Lipogen as it has sold a
> Lipogen PS-based product called ‘Fosfoser Memory’ for more than 15
> years.
>
> Stress buster
>
> Lipogen PS-Plus, like its precursor, Lipogen PS, is marketed on its
> ability to positively affect brain function and in particular, reduce
> stress caused by “modern lifestyle issues”.
>
> PS-Plus made its global debut on the US market earlier this year in a
> dietary supplement and employs a 2003 Food and Drug Administration
> (FDA)-approved qualified health claim for PS that states:
>
> "Phosphatidylserine may reduce the risk of cognitive dysfunction in
> the elderly."
>
> Similar claims are not permitted in Europe although chief executive
> officer David Rutenberg told NutraIngredients.com several brain
> function claims had been submitted to the European Commission.
>
> Rutenberg said the ingredient had earned FDA-notified, generally
> recognised as safe (GRAS) approval in 2006, and food applications such
> as dairy, bakery, bars and biscuits were being developed.
>
> “PS-Plus is a combination that is clinically proven to help control
> stress and improve brain function,” Gutenberg said. “Stress is an
> increasingly prevalent problem and PS-Plus is a natural solution to
> this problem.”
>
> Brain damage
>
> A recent study found 20 per cent of Fins had brain disorders which
> came at a cost of three per cent of gross national product and 45 per
> cent of all health-care costs.
>
> Lipogen PS has been on the market in Europe since 1992 and so European
> Union Novel Foods approval was not required as it preceded May, 1997,
> the date after which novel foods and ingredients must seek formal
> approval unless they can demonstrate substantial use outside the EU.
>
> Both Lipogen PS and Lipogen PS-Plus are kosher-certified have been
> used in clinical trials demonstrating their ability to benefit brain
> health, especially among the elderly.
>
> The company has been developing PS-Plus for more than six years,
> Gutenberg said.
>
> He wouldn’t reveal the ingredient’s pricing but said it did not sell
> at a premium over Liogen PS.
>
> Lipogen PS-Plus works by controlling cortisol levels, a hormone the
> body can over-produce under stressful conditions, which can adversely
> affect the body's natural production of PS and PA. PS and PA are found
> in the outer membrane of the brain and help it function optimally.
>
> A 2004 clinical study conducted at the University of Trier, Germany
> and published in the International Journal on the Biology of Stress,
> demonstrated Lipogen PAS can boost PS and PA levels required to
> curtail the hormonal reaction to stress and therefore improve
> performance.
>
> Who loves ya.
> Tom
>
Juhana Harju
J Steroid Biochem Mol Biol. 2007 Mar;103(3-5):620-5. Epub 2007 Feb 6.
Vitamin D status and nutrition in Europe and Asia.
Lips P.
VU University Medical Center, Department of Endocrinology, P.O. Box 7057,
1007 MB Amsterdam, Netherlands. p.l...@vumc.nl
Vitamin D status is highly different in various countries of Europe, the
Middle East and Asia. For this review, vitamin D deficiency is defined as
serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) <25 nmol/l. Within European countries,
serum 25(OH)D is <25 nmol/l in 2-30% of adults, increasing in the elderly
and institutionalized to more than 80% in some studies. A north-south
gradient was observed for serum 25(OH)D in the Euronut and MORE studies with
higher levels in Scandinavia and lower levels in Italy and Spain and some
Eastern European countries. This points to other determinants than sunshine,
e.g. nutrition, food fortification and supplement use. Mean vitamin D intake
in Scandinavia is 200-400IU/d, twice that in other European countries. Very
low serum 25(OH)D levels have been reported in the Middle East, e.g. Turkey,
Lebanon, Jordan and Iran. In these countries serum 25(OH)D was lower in
women than in men and associated with clothing habits. In a Lebanese survey,
vitamin D deficiency was observed in the majority and occurred mainly in
veiled women. In India, vitamin D deficiency was observed in more than 30%,
vitamin D status being poor in school children, pregnant women and large
cities. Vitamin D status was much better in Malaysia and Singapore, but
lower serum 25(OH)D was observed in Japan and China. Rickets and
osteomalacia appear quite common in India, but precise data are lacking.
Immigrants in Europe from the Middle East and Asia carry a high risk for
vitamin D deficiency, pregnant women being especially at risk. Comparison of
vitamin D status between countries is hampered by interlaboratory variation
of serum 25(OH)D measurement. In addition, there is a need of
population-based data. In conclusion, vitamin D deficiency is common in
Southern Europe, the Middle East, India, China and Japan. It is less common
in Northern Europe and Southeast Asia. Risk groups are young children, the
elderly, pregnant women and non-western immigrants in Europe. Important
determinants are skin type, sex, clothing, nutrition, food fortification,
supplement use, BMI and degree of urbanization. PMID: 17287117
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/17287117
Still I admit that lack of sunlight in Northern Europe can have an influence
on brain health. It is well known that the amount of light and day length
affects brain chemistry.
Juhana Harju
(1) Public Health Nutr. 2006 Dec;9(8A):1104-9.
Mediterranean diet and depression.
Sánchez-Villegas A, Henríquez P, Bes-Rastrollo M, Doreste J.
Department of Clinical Sciences. University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria,
Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
OBJECTIVE: The adherence to a Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ensures an
adequate intake of B vitamins and w-3 fatty acids. A protective role on
depression has been suggested for both nutrients. DESIGN: Cross-sectional
analysis from the SUN (Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra) prospective
cohort study. Data from 9670 participants (4211 men and 5459 women) were
analised. Logistic regression analyses were fitted to assess the association
between B-vitamins and w-3 fatty acids intake (quintiles) and the prevalence
of depression. RESULTS: Folate intake was inversely associated with
depression prevalence among men, especially smokers. Among women, B12
vitamin intake was inversely associated with depression, especially among
smokers and physically active women. No significant associations were
observed for w-3 fatty acids intake. CONCLUSIONS: The adherence to a
Mediterranean Dietary Pattern ensures an adequate intake of fruits, nuts,
vegetables, cereals, legumes or fish, important sources of nutrients linked
to depression prevention. PMID: 17378948
The full study:
(2) Ann Neurol. 2006 Jun;59(6):912-21.
Mediterranean diet and risk for Alzheimer's disease.
Scarmeas N, Stern Y, Tang MX, Mayeux R, Luchsinger JA.
Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, New
York, NY 10032, USA.
OBJECTIVE: Previous research in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has focused on
individual dietary components. There is converging evidence that composite
dietary patterns such as the Mediterranean diet (MeDi) is related to lower
risk for cardiovascular disease, several forms of cancer, and overall
mortality. We sought to investigate the association between MeDi and risk
for AD. METHODS: A total of 2,258 community-based nondemented individuals in
New York were prospectively evaluated every 1.5 years. Adherence to the MeDi
(zero- to nine-point scale with higher scores indicating higher adherence)
was the main predictor in models that were adjusted for cohort, age, sex,
ethnicity, education, apolipoprotein E genotype, caloric intake, smoking,
medical comorbidity index, and body mass index. RESULTS: There were 262
incident AD cases during the course of 4 (+/-3.0; range, 0.2-13.9) years of
follow-up. Higher adherence to the MeDi was associated with lower risk for
AD (hazard ratio, 0.91; 95% confidence interval, 0.83-0.98; p=0.015).
Compared with subjects in the lowest MeDi tertile, subjects in the middle
MeDi tertile had a hazard ratio of 0.85 (95% confidence interval, 0.63-1.16)
and those at the highest tertile had a hazard ratio of 0.60 (95% confidence
interval, 0.42-0.87) for AD (p for trend=0.007). INTERPRETATION: We conclude
that higher adherence to the MeDi is associated with a reduction in risk for
AD. Ann Neurol 2006. PMID: 16622828
The full study:
http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/cgi-bin/fulltext/112593516/HTMLSTART
jay
> that carp has as much ALA as EPA and DHA combined.
Per wiki, carps have a "habit of grubbing through bottom sediments for
food". And catfish "normally associate with the bottom of the water
column" and some "eat dead material on the bottom". Something to
consider since some Persistent Organic Pollutants (ie dioxins) settle
in sediment. Below are the top 20 dioxin containing foods in 2004
according to study conducted by US FDA. Note that catfish is #6:
TEQ pg/g PRODUCT DESCRIPTION
0.2947 Beef roast, chuck, oven-roasted
0.2939 Frankfurter (beef/pork), boiled
0.2608 Mushrooms, raw
0.2372 Butter, regular (salted)
0.2179 Cream cheese
0.2106 Catfish, pan-cooked w/ oil
0.2075 Liver (beef/calf), pan-cooked w/ oil
0.1668 Beef, ground, regular, pan-cooked
0.1614 Cheese, cheddar, natural (sharp/mild)
0.1388 Meatloaf, beef, homemade
0.1297 Beef steak, loin/sirloin, broiled
0.1172 Cheese, Swiss, natural
0.1110 Salami, luncheon-meat type (not hard)
0.1075 Salmon, steaks/fillets, baked
0.0963 Cheese, American, processed
0.0873 Burrito w/ beef, beans and cheese, from Mex carry-out
0.0865 Sweet roll/Danish pastry
0.0849 Sour cream
0.0788 Quarter-pound hamburger on bun, fast-food
0.0748 Chili con carne w/ beans, canned
For list of common POPs, see www.ourstolenfuture.com/Basics/chemlist.htm