Amy in CT
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HURTING ALL OVER
Patients suffering from fibromyalgia used to be told that it was all
in their head. Not anymore
Ian K. Smith, M.D. - Time, February 19, 2001
Fibromyalgia is a mysterious illness with a long name and a bad
reputation. For years, patients who went to their doctors complaining
of inexplicable pain, stiffness and fatigue were told that they were
depressed or stressed out and their symptoms were psychosomatic. More
recently, fibromyalgia has been linked to chronic fatigue syndrome and
the aftereffects of Lyme disease, which in some medical circles is
enough to give any ailment a bad name.
But the reputation is undeserved. Fibromyalgia is a real medical
syndrome that is being taken more seriously these days, thanks to a
study out of the University of Alabama that has found what may be the
underlying causes: a reduced blood flow to the parts of the brain that
process pain and twice the normal level of a brain chemical called
substance P, which helps nervous-system cells send pain messages to
the brain. Not only do patients now have scientific support to prove
they're not crazy, but doctors also have more reason to take their
complaints seriously.
The complaints are serious indeed, from swelling, tingling, numbness
and stiffness in the soft tissues (muscles, tendons, ligaments) to
achy, throbbing pain that is worse in the morning, intensifies again
at night and has been known to drive sufferers to suicide. Fatigue is
a common complaint (reported in as many as 9 out of 10 cases), caused
perhaps by disturbances in the deep-sleep phase the body needs to get
properly refreshed at night. Patients have told me that they feel so
heavy in the morning they can hardly get out of bed and that they
often find it difficult to concentrate on even minor tasks. For
reasons that are not known, women get fibromyalgia seven times as
often as men, but the ailment can strike anyone at any age.
Doctors are at a disadvantage in diagnosing fibromyalgia because many
of its symptoms are shared by other illnesses. Compounding the
problem is the fact that even with these recent findings, there are
still no definitive fibromyalgia markers. X-rays and blood tests can
be used only to rule out other illnesses.
To facilitate diagnosis, the American College of Rheumatology
established a procedure for examining 18 tender points on a patient's
body. If the muscles feel very sore when pressed in 11 of these 18
points, a tentative diagnosis of fibromyalgia can be made.
Although there is no known cure, there are treatments that work. In
fact, many patients have managed the disease successfully with a
combination of simple exercises and medication. Heat treatments,
massage and regular stretching have been of benefit, as have such
aerobic exercises as cycling and jogging. Though many patients say
these exercises only worsen the pain, working through the discomfort
can eventually bring relief.
Tricyclic antidepressants such as amitriptyline and cyclobenzaprine
are sometimes prescribed to improve sleep and relax muscles. Some
patients opt for temporary pain relief via local anesthetic or steroid
injections.
There is no single regimen that helps everyone. Just keep trying
until you find one that works for you. And don't let anyone tell you
it's all in your mind.
Dr. Ian (e-mail: ianme...@aol.com) is a correspondent for NBC's
Today show.