If you have subprojects that are truly separate in different classloaders (i.e. web apps, OSGi) then they can theoretically each have a different version of the scala library, but you'll then run into issues passing scala objects back and forth between the two.
In the same loader, no, you can't have two versions of scala both in scope, you'll suffer from any number of unpleasant and tricky classpath problems. 2.7 and 2.8 are incompatible at both source and binary level and absolutely should not be mixed.
Unless you need to release to production in the very near future, then I'd strongly advise that you upgrade to 2.8 and take advantage of the many many improvements that it offers.