Verbs & Noun Forms (Suffixes)

[Sita Raama]

Priya Bandhugana,

This website gives a nice overview of Sanskrit grammar structure, there are some typos etc but overall its good for beginners. 

http://samskrutam.com/samskrit/studies/grammar.aspx?section=studies

Under Verbs suffixes  and Noun suffixes they elaborated only a few, I was wondering if knowledgeable people here care to comment on the suffixes which were not described on the page. or give some nice reference book where these can be found. 

Thanks for your help

Raama

--

सुलभाः पुरुषा राजन् सततम् प्रिय वादिनः | \\

अप्रियस्य च पथ्यस्य वक्ता श्रोता च दुर्लभः || Ramayanam || ३-३७-२ ||  & || ६-१६-२१ ||

[Hnbhat B.R.]

On Tue, Apr 3, 2012 at 9:33 PM, Sita Raama <raam...@gmail.com> wrote:

Priya Bandhugana,

This website gives a nice overview of Sanskrit grammar structure, there are some typos etc but overall its good for beginners. 

http://samskrutam.com/samskrit/studies/grammar.aspx?section=studies

Under Verbs suffixes  and Noun suffixes they elaborated only a few, I was wondering if knowledgeable people here care to comment on the suffixes which were not described on the page. or give some nice reference book where these can be found. 

Thanks for your help

Raama

If you want any explanation on any suffix from the list, you can ask for it in our group. Be specific on your request.

 

--

सुलभाः पुरुषा राजन् सततम् प्रिय वादिनः | \\

अप्रियस्य च पथ्यस्य वक्ता श्रोता च दुर्लभः || Ramayanam || ३-३७-२ ||  & || ६-१६-२१ ||

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Dr. Hari Narayana Bhat B.R. M.A., Ph.D.,
Research Scholar,

Ecole française d'Extrême-OrientCentre de Pondichéry

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Pondichéry - 605 001

[Sita Raama]

Dr. Bhat

I created a spreadsheet putting all the verb suffixes. I could find some dhatus and their transformed forms. 

Please take a look and let me know if it would be possible to add some examples of these pratyays. 

• अनीयर् (aniiyar pratyaya)
• तव्यत् प्रत्यय (tavyat pratyaya)
• यत् प्रत्यय (yat pratyaya)
• शतृ प्रत्यय (shatRRi pratyaya)
• शानच् प्रत्यय (shaanach pratyaya)
• क्तिन् प्रत्यय (ktin pratyaya)
• घञ्ज् प्रत्यय (ghJNj pratyaya)
• खल् प्रत्यय (khal pratyaya)

I am creating this spreadsheet as an easy reference for beginners

regards

Raama

[Hnbhat B.R.]

क्षम् क्षमित्वा  also  क्षान्त्वा;

but  क्षान्तः, क्षान्तम्, क्षान्तवान् - क्षान्तवती, क्षान्तवत्

वद् उक्तः, उक्ता, उक्तम् wrong. The correct form would be उदितः, उदितम्, उदिता, 

एवमेव, उदित्वा, अनूद्य इत्यपि।

परं तु - वदितवान्, वदितवती, वदितवत् इति क्तवतु-प्रत्यये रूपाणि।

अन्ये विशेषाः यथादृष्टा भवन्ति, तथैव निवेदयामि।

[Vimala Sarma]

I like your site - it is a very commendable effort.

Vimala

 

Vimala Sarma

My new e-mail is sarma...@gmail.com

+612 9699 4414

+61 409 690 220

[Hnbhat B.R.]

On Fri, Apr 6, 2012 at 11:09 PM, Sita Raama <raam...@gmail.com> wrote:

Dr. Bhat

I created a spreadsheet putting all the verb suffixes. I could find some dhatus and their transformed forms. 

Please take a look and let me know if it would be possible to add some examples of these pratyays. 

• अनीयर् (aniiyar pratyaya)
• तव्यत् प्रत्यय (tavyat pratyaya)
• यत् प्रत्यय (yat pratyaya)
• शतृ प्रत्यय (shatRRi pratyaya)
• शानच् प्रत्यय (shaanach pratyaya)
• क्तिन् प्रत्यय (ktin pratyaya)
• घञ्ज् प्रत्यय (ghJNj pratyaya)
• खल् प्रत्यय (khal pratyaya)

I am creating this spreadsheet as an easy reference for beginners

regards

Raama

Here is a kRudanta Generator:

sanskrit.uohyd.ernet.in/scl/skt_gen/kqw/kqw_gen.html

Probably it should be able to give many forms of the verbs listed therein. Just I could try only one, but it took a lot of time.

Credits to go to amba Kulkarni for producing the tool. You can use this tool for reference and to get more forms.

[Vimala Sarma]

ukta is past passive participle for root vac class2

udita is ppp for root vad class 2

Vimala

 

Vimala Sarma

My new e-mail is sarma...@gmail.com

+612 9699 4414

+61 409 690 220

 

From: sams...@googlegroups.com [mailto:sams...@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of Hnbhat B.R.
Sent: Saturday, 7 April 2012 2:59 PM
To: sams...@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: [Samskrita] Verbs & Noun Forms (Suffixes)

 

क्षम् क्षमित्वा  also  क्षान्त्वा;

--

[Vimala Sarma]

Sorry vad is class 1.

ukta is past passive participle for root vac class2

udita is ppp for root vad class 1

Vimala

 

Vimala Sarma

My new e-mail is sarma...@gmail.com

+612 9699 4414

+61 409 690 220

 

From: sams...@googlegroups.com [mailto:sams...@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of Hnbhat B.R.
Sent: Saturday, 7 April 2012 2:59 PM
To: sams...@googlegroups.com
Subject: Re: [Samskrita] Verbs & Noun Forms (Suffixes)

 

क्षम् क्षमित्वा  also  क्षान्त्वा;

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[Sita Raama]

Dr. Bhat, 

Thanks for sharing the link, its very useful. 

regards

Raama

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[Hnbhat B.R.]

On Tue, Apr 3, 2012 at 9:33 PM, Sita Raama <raam...@gmail.com> wrote:

Priya Bandhugana,

This website gives a nice overview of Sanskrit grammar structure, there are some typos etc but overall its good for beginners. 

http://samskrutam.com/samskrit/studies/grammar.aspx?section=studies

Under Verbs suffixes  and Noun suffixes they elaborated only a few, I was wondering if knowledgeable people here care to comment on the suffixes which were not described on the page. or give some nice reference book where these can be found. 

Thanks for your help

Raama

Please wait for some more time as they are filling in each Section by Section as they have notified in the beginning unless you yourself are creating the web sections as remarked by Mme. Vimala.

Grammar section covers all elements of Sanskrit grammar, so that we can start using Sanskrit in daily life as a spoken language. Grammar study has been divided into basic grammarand advanced grammar chapters. These are further divided into different chapters for easy learning.  Note: Currently only chapter 1, 2, 3, 4, 10, 11 and part of chapter 5 are finished. Other chapters are being written and will be available soon.

.Hope you will get further information on other suffixes unless they have abandoned the job and not pursuing it due to any reason unknown.

An entry known to be similar in form but different reading:

21. Two boys are reading.	बालकौ पठतः  baalakau paThataH	बालक  baalaka	पठ्  paTh	-
22. Two girls are reading.	वालिके पठतः vaalike paThataH	वालिका vaalikaa	पठ्  paTh	-
23. Two boys are going.	बालकौ गच्छतः  baalakau gachchhataH	बालक  baalaka	गम्  gam

बालिका -girl;

but वालिका as in 

sāyaṃ ca rājakanyāṅgulīyakamudritāṃ vāsatāmbūlapaṭṭāṃśukayugalabhūṣaṇāvayavagarbhāṃ ca vaṅgerikāṃ kayācid vālikayā grāhayitvā rāgamañjaryā iti nītvā kāntakasyāgāramagām // 

• a kind of ornament for the ears (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
• a seal-ring (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
• sand (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))
• the rustling of leaves (Monier-Williams, Sir M. (1988))

has got many other meanings, but not the girl and the above translations go wrong. as two girls etc. for वालिके.

The transliteration in some doesn't represent the Devanagari exactly:

वयं पठामः  yua.n paThaamaH and makes the sentence altogether wrong. Inadvertent typing.

[Hnbhat B.R.]

वस्यति स्तम्भने, वस्ते छादने, वसयेत् वसेत्।

निवासे, वासयेत् स्नेहे, वासयत्युपसेवने॥

वस वस् अ आच्छादने = to cover 2 अदादि 16 333

वस्ते - covers.

वसित्वा, वसितम्, वसितवान्, वसितवत्, वसितवती इत्यादिः

वस वस् अ निवासे 1 भ्वादि 729 299-302

उषित्वा, उषितवान्, उषितवत्, उषितवती, उषितः, उषितम्, उषिता इत्यादिः।

but वस्तव्यम्, वसनीयम् इति तुल्यम्। 

वास्तव्यः - इति कर्तरि, वसतीति वास्तव्यः, वारणसीवास्तव्यः वाराणस्यां वसतीति।

उषित्वा, प्रोष्य इति क्त्वा-ल्यपौ.

वस वस निवासे 10 चुरादि 327 575

वस वस् अ स्नेहनच्छेदनापहरणेषु 10 चुरादि 179 559

                                   स्नेहनच्छेदोपहरणेषु             पा°

वासयित्वा, वासितः, वासितम्, वासिता, वासितवती, वासितवत् इत्यादिः चुरादौ।

वसु वस् उ स्तम्भे 4 दिवादि 113 438

वस्यति, इति परस्मैपदम्। निवसितम् इति भ्वादेः वसतेः। 

Hence care to be taken in respect of the same धातु appearing in different गाण-s in with or without change in meaning as noted above.

[Hnbhat B.R.]

On Fri, Apr 6, 2012 at 11:09 PM, Sita Raama <raam...@gmail.com> wrote:

Dr. Bhat

I created a spreadsheet putting all the verb suffixes. I could find some dhatus and their transformed forms. 

Please take a look and let me know if it would be possible to add some examples of these pratyays. 

• अनीयर् (aniiyar pratyaya)

पठनीयम्, लेखनीयम्, गमनीयम्, etc.

 

• तव्यत् प्रत्यय (tavyat pratyaya)

गम् -  गन्तव्यम्, 

पठ् - पठितव्यम्,

वद् - वदितव्यम्।

वच्, ब्रू, - वक्तव्यम् 

कथ् - कथितव्यम्

अस्- भू - भवितव्यम्। etc.

• यत् प्रत्यय (yat pratyaya)

गम्यः, गम्यम्, गेयम्, पेयम्, जेयम्, लेख्यम् etc.

 

• शतृ प्रत्यय (shatRRi pratyaya) These are affixed to परस्मैपद धातु-s only.

गम् - गच्छन्, श्रु - शृण्वन्, पठ् - पठन्, ब्रू - ब्रुवन् etc.

 

• शानच् प्रत्यय (shaanach pratyaya) are affixed to आत्मनेपद धातु-s only

वर्त् - वर्तमानः, वन्द् - वन्दमानः, etc.

उभयपदी धातु-s can take both of these. वहति, वहते - वहन्, वहन्ती, वहमानः, वहमाना, , यजति, यजते, यजन्, यजमानः, etc. 

• क्तिन् प्रत्यय (ktin pratyaya)

भू - भूतिः, कृ - कृतिः, क्षम् - क्षान्तिः, etc. Note that all roots are not used with these suffixes, but only few are in use regularly.

पठितिः, लिखितिः etc. are not found any more in use though these can be derived. 

 

• घञ्ज् प्रत्यय (ghJNj pratyaya) Most of the common masculine gender nouns are use derived with this.

पठ् - पाठः, लिख् - लेखः, वद् - वादः,  भू - भावः, etc. mostly common words could be derived in this way, but not all 3300 or roots with this suffix are not used in common. 

 

• खल् प्रत्यय (khal pratyaya) - This suffix has limited usage with prefixed verbs with ईषत्, सु, and दुस्. with limited in the scope of meaning.

सुखेन क्रियते - सुकरः, दुष्करः etc. 

दुःखेन क्रियते - दुष्करः, etc.  

Thus,  सुपठः, सुवचम्, दुर्वचम्, दुर्घटः, ईषज्जयः, दुर्जयः, सुजयः, सुगमः, दुर्गमः etc. are common usages.

 

Hope you can get these forms from the kRut generator also.

[Hnbhat B.R.]

On Sat, Apr 7, 2012 at 10:28 AM, Hnbhat B.R. <hnbh...@gmail.com> wrote:

क्षम् क्षमित्वा  also  क्षान्त्वा;

but  क्षान्तः, क्षान्तम्, क्षान्तवान् - क्षान्तवती, क्षान्तवत्

वद् उक्तः, उक्ता, उक्तम् wrong. The correct form would be उदितः, उदितम्, उदिता, 

एवमेव, उदित्वा, अनूद्य इत्यपि।

परं तु - वदितवान्, वदितवती, वदितवत् इति क्तवतु-प्रत्यये रूपाणि।

Sorry. I mislead you in the above line. It should be also 

उदितवान्, उदितवती, उदितवत् -etc.

But, वदितव्यम्, वदितुम्, वदनीयम्, are correct forms. 

 

[amba kulkarni]

The server at the university is rather slow. It will take some time to
replace it with a faster one.
Meanwhile, these tools are also available at the TDIL web site
http://tdil-dc.in/san/

In case of failure of our server, all are encouraged to use the tools
at TDIL website.

I would also appreciate the feedback in order to improve the tools
further.

With regards,
Amba Kulkarni

>
> Here is a kRudanta Generator:
>
> sanskrit.uohyd.ernet.in/scl/skt_gen/kqw/kqw_gen.html
>
> Probably it should be able to give many forms of the verbs listed therein.
> Just I could try only one, but it took a lot of time.
>
> Credits to go to amba Kulkarni for producing the tool. You can use this
> tool for reference and to get more forms.
>
> --

> *Dr. Hari Narayana Bhat B.R. M.A., Ph.D.,
> **Research Scholar,
> *

[Venkata Subbaiah Bathula]

Some more examples, which I've taken from this site, http://www.sanskritdeepika.org -- into the attached excel sheet..

2012/4/8 Hnbhat B.R. <hnbh...@gmail.com>

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धर्म एव हतो हन्ति धर्मो रक्षति रक्षितः ।

[Sita Raama]

Vimalaji,

I am not creating any web sections. I just wanted to know, these things might be available in Kaumudi but I do not have such high grammar skills. 

That was the primary motivation to ask a question here. 

regards

Raama

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[Hnbhat B.R.]

On Sun, Apr 8, 2012 at 8:48 PM, Venkata Subbaiah Bathula <bvsub...@gmail.com> wrote:

Some more examples, which I've taken from this site, http://www.sanskritdeepika.org -- into the attached excel sheet..

Thanks for adding more forms in the excel sheet.

He was looking for the examples of the कृत् suffixes from other verbs.

Anyhow, please note that in the कर्मणि, usage, only सकर्मक verbs could be included, and others अकर्मक will have the same suffix as भाव suffixes.  

which are called भावप्रयोग in contrast with कर्मणि प्रयोग.

[Sandip Shah]

Hi,

This is an old thread, but was curious to find out if anyone here knows who wrote this generator.

I am wishing to add more to this and expand it.  Please let me know if you know who created this, or have access to the source.

Thanks,

Sandip

[Hnbhat B.R.]

http://tdil-dc.in/san/skt_gen/generators.html#

I hope the above sets of generator and parser will be useful. There are several ones available freely online if you search online,

[Amba Kulkarni]

On 11 June 2015 at 06:37, Hnbhat B.R. <hnbh...@gmail.com> wrote:

http://tdil-dc.in/san/skt_gen/generators.html#

tdil-dc site is not being updated regularly.

However, the same set of tools, with regular upgrades are available at http://sanskrit.uohyd.ernet.in/scl as well.

-- Amba Kulkarni
 

I hope the above sets of generator and parser will be useful. There are several ones available freely online if you search online,

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आ नो भद्रा: क्रतवो यन्तु विश्वत: ll
Let noble thoughts come to us from every side.
- Rig Veda, I-89-i.
Assoc Prof.
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(91) 040 23133802(off)

http://sanskrit.uohyd.ernet.in/scl
http://sanskrit.uohyd.ernet.in/faculty/amba

[Taff Rivers]

Sandip,

Have you checked the forum? The site is is alive, if not very active...

    http://community.samskrutam.com/forum/default.aspx?g=posts&t=2032


Rivers