"Calvin":
> > 9 What planet is nearest in size to the Earth?
Mark Brader:
> At one time the answer was Venus, but it may have changed now that so
> many planets are being discovered in other solar systems; but if so,
> I have no idea to what.
Just for fun, I googled for a catalog of exoplanets and found one at:
http://exoplanet.eu/catalog
Setting it to show mass and radius in terms of the Earth's, and sorting
by mass, I found the following planets for which there is a known mass
and a known radius, and both are within a factor of 2 of Earth's.
PLANET MASS RADIUS
Kepler-102 f 0.64 0.89
Kepler-70 c 0.67 0.87
KOI-2700 b 0.86 1.06
Kepler-42 d 0.95 0.57
Kepler-138 c 1.01 1.61
Kepler-138 d 1.01 1.61
GJ 1132 b 1.6 1.15
Kepler-78 b 1.69 1.2
Kepler-177 b 1.7 2.9
Kepler-11 b 1.9 1.8
Kepler-42 c 1.9 0.73
Kepler-167 d 1.9 1.194
As you see, of this list Kepler-138 c and d are closest in size to
Earth if you take "size" to mean mass, but KOI-2700 b is the closest
in terms of radius and definitely the closest if both parameters are
taken into account.
For comparison we have:
Venus 0.81 0.95
So Venus is not as close to Earth in mass as KOI-2700 b is, but it
is a bit closer in radius.
Of course, this tabulation assumes that the measurements are
accurate to the precision shown, which (as Dan Tilque points out)
is not necessarily true.
The catalog also includes a large number of other planets where only
the mass or only the radius is known. Only a few of these have
masses close to 1 Earth mass, but quite a lot have radii close to
1 Earth radius. So some of them might be better candidates for an
answer, if only we knew.
--
Mark Brader | "I was gratified to be able to answer promptly, and I did.
Toronto | I said I didn't know."
m...@vex.net | --Mark Twain, "Life on the Mississippi"