Mark Brader:
> These questions were written to be asked in Toronto on 2011-04-04,
> and should be interpreted accordingly... For further information
> see my 2011-09-22 companion posting on "Questions from the
> Canadian Inquisition (QFTCI11, QFTCIMM)".
> I wrote 3 triples in this round.
Those were triples B, C, and E.
> * Final, Round 2 - Science
> A. Physics Miscellany
> A1. What radioactive isotope is used for carbon dating of
> organic material?
Carbon-14. 4 for Marc, Calvin, Dan Tilque, Joachim, Dan Blum, Rob,
Pete, Joshua, Erland, Stan, and Jeff.
> A2. Add the prefix "de-" to the surname of a German scientist
> and you get what word that means "to reduce an unwanted
> magnetic field"?
Degauss. 4 for Marc, Dan Tilque, Joachim, Dan Blum, Peter, Rob,
Pete (who thanks David), Joshua, and Erland. 3 for Stan and Jeff
(who needed to read the question).
> A3. What is the name for a phase of matter that is composed
> of electrically conductive ions and electrons? It's often
> called the fourth state of matter.
Plasma. 4 for everyone -- Marc, Calvin, Dan Tilque, Joachim,
Dan Blum, Peter, Rob, Pete, Joshua, Erland, Stan, and Jeff.
> B. Terms in Recreational Math
> There is no clear boundary between recreational math and serious
> math, but the terms we're asking you about are more likely to
> occur in a recreational context.
> B1. If a square grid is filled in with distinct numbers,
> what property needs to be satisfied for it to be called a
> "magic square"? Be complete.
The numbers in each row and column, *and* in both main diagonals
("diagonals" was close enough), add up to the same total.
4 for Marc, Calvin, Joachim, Dan Blum, Peter, Rob, Pete, and Jeff.
3 for Dan Tilque, Joshua, and Erland.
> B2. The term "pentomino" ("pen-TOM-in-oh") refers to any
> one of 12 specific shapes, which are members of a larger
> class of shapes called "polyominoes" ("POL-ee-OM-in-ohz").
> What sort of shape is a pentomino?
It's made up of 5 squares (the same size and joined along their edges,
but any mention of 5 squares was sufficient). 4 for Dan Tilque,
Joachim, Dan Blum, Peter, Rob, Joshua, and Jeff.
The words were coined by back-formation of the word "domino" into
the prefix "di-" and a supposed suffix "-omino". Polyominoes may
contain any number of square.
> B3. This series of numbers begins with two 1's, and after
> that, each successive number is the sum of the previous
> two: thus it goes 1, 1, 2, 3, 5, 8, 13, etc. As the
> numbers get larger, the ratio between successive ones
> approaches the irrational value called the golden ratio,
> golden section, or golden mean. What is the name of
> the series?
Fibonacci numbers. 4 for everyone.
> C. Non-Metric Units
> C1. There are two non-metric units used in astronomy for
> expressing interstellar distances. One is the light-year;
> the other is defined on a different basis and works
> out to about 3ź light-years. Name this larger unit.
> The distance to Sirius, for example, is equal to about
> 8.6 light-years, or about 2.6 of what unit?
Parsec. 4 for everyone.
> C2. There are two units called a chain. One of them is equal
> to 100 feet. The other was the usual one used in British
> territory and was part of a progression of successively
> larger units that went inch, foot, yard, rod, chain,
> furlong, mile. How long was this chain, either in feet,
> yards, or rods?
66 feet, 22 yards, or 4 rods. Yes, a cricket pitch; it's also
1/10 of a furlong or 1/80 of a mile. 4 for Peter, Rob, and Stan.
3 for Calvin.
> C3. For many people in Britain today, the intuitive unit for
> one's body weight is still the stone. How much is
> a stone?
14 pounds. 4 for Calvin, Dan Tilque, Peter, Rob, Joshua, and Stan.
3 for Dan Blum.
This question was asked on the American edition of "Who Wants to
be a Millionaire" back when Regis Philbin was still hosting it (as
well as co-hosting the daily talk show that he retired from today
at age 80). The contestant opted to ask the audience, not realizing
how little an audience of New Yorkers might know about British units
of measure. On the show it was multiple-choice, of course, and the
other three answers offered were round numbers -- as I recall, 5,
10. and 20 pounds. And *all three* outpolled the correct answer.
> D. Fungi
> D1. "Saccharomyces cerevisiae" is a fungus species that is
> the basis of at least several hundred million dollars
> of business annually around the world. What is its
> common name?
(Brewer's or baker's) yeast. 4 for Marc, Dan Blum, Peter, Rob,
Pete, and Joshua.
> D2. What word is the name for the study of fungi? Hint:
> it's not "mushroomology", but it does start with M.
Mycology. 4 for Marc, Dan Tilque, Joachim, Dan Blum, Peter, Rob,
Joshua, Erland, Stan, and Jeff.
> D3. What generic term for a poisonous or inedible mushroom
> sounds like a piece of furniture?
Toadstool. 4 for Marc, Calvin, Dan Tilque, Dan Blum, Rob, Joshua,
Stan, and Jeff.
> E. Lunar Features
> This triple is the only one in the game that will have a handout.
> If you're used to looking at the moon in a telescope that produces
> inverted images, you might want to hold the handout with south at
> the top; otherwise, we suggest putting north at the top.
> E1. The lunar crater at the center of the white square
> has a prominent ray system, as you see, and is named
> for a prominent astronomer. Name the crater.
Copernicus. 4 for Marc and Rob.
> E2. The lunar crater at the center of the black square
> has an even more prominent ray system, and is named for
> a noted astronomer whose theory of the solar system lost
> out to Copernicus's. Name the crater.
Tycho. 4 for Marc, Dan Tilque, Dan Blum, and Rob. 3 for Jeff.
> E3. The large dark areas of the moon are mostly called seas,
> or in Latin maria ("MAR-ee-uh"), but just one -- the
> largest one, marked with a white X -- is called an ocean.
> Its name is weather-related. What ocean is it? Answer in
> English or Latin.
Ocean of Storms, Oceanus Procellarum. 4 for Dan Tilque, Dan Blum,
Stan, and Jeff. 3 for Peter (who also needed to read the question).
> If you'd like to identify the other features for fun, but for
> no points, decode the rot13: The black + sign and black X are
> craters of no particular interest. The other white symbols are
> seas; name them in English or Latin.
No one tried these.
> E4. White triangle.
Sea of Serenity, or Mare ("MAR-eh") Serenitatis.
> E5. White plus sign.
Sea of Crises, or Mare Crisium.
Scores, if there are no errors:
Rob Parker 56
Dan Blum 51
Dan Tilque 47
Marc Dashevsky 44
Peter Smyth 43
Joshua Kreitzer 43
Jeff Turner 42
Stan Brown 39
Joachim Parsch 32
"Calvin" 31
Pete Gayde 28
Erland Sommarskog 27
--
Mark Brader | "I realised... at the traditional time --
Toronto | just after clicking on Send."
m...@vex.net | --Peter Duncanson