The Diz
CHRISTIANSTED, U.S. Virgin Islands (AP) -- Home aquarium owners, most in the
United States, are threatening fragile reefs by buying up tons of the
world's coral and tropical fish, experts say.
Enthusiasts are buying up live coral at a rate that has increased 12 to 30
percent a year since 1990, according to reports to be presented Tuesday at a
U.S. government conference on coral reefs.
The demand to fill fish tanks is fueling a thriving trade in illegal
harvesting, with divers squirting cyanide into reefs to stun fish and
killing smaller fish and coral in the process. Only one in 10 captured fish
survives, researchers from the U.S. Coral Reef Task Force said.
"Hobbyists have a love of these critters," said Roger Griffis, a Department
of Commerce policy analyst. "If they knew it was harming the reef, they
would be appalled."
The U.S. Coral Reef Task Force is meeting on the U.S. Virgin Island of St.
Croix to consider ways to preserve reefs and mull reports by its committees
of scientists, business leaders and government officials. U.S. Interior
Secretary Bruce Babbitt is to address the conference Tuesday.
Earlier conservation efforts have focused on threats like pollution and
global change. But early arrivals at the conference Monday said aquarium
enthusiasts are becoming a real threat.
Two-thirds of the world's 1.5 million aquarium hobbyists live in the United
States. They buy half of the aquarium fish and up to 80 percent of the coral
traded in the world, the task force's committee on international trade said.
The next largest importers are Germany and Japan.
Since the United States bans harvesting of coral in its own waters, most of
the supply comes from loosely protected reefs in poorer countries. Most
aquarium fish come from Indonesia and the Philippines, and more than half
are harvested with cyanide in violation of local laws, the task force said.
The U.N. Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species regulates
trade for 2,000 species of coral. But live fish, soft corals, anemones,
crustaceans, mollusks and other creatures imported to the United States for
the aquarium trade are not on the list.
In September, the European Union temporarily banned imports of a half dozen
coral species from Indonesia because of doubts over the country's claim that
the environment was not being harmed.
Seahorse populations have dwindled by more than 25 percent since 1994, in
part because of harvesting, the task force said. Twenty countries, including
the United States, export seahorses for aquariums and to be used in folk
medicines.
The booming demand for fish has prompted the African nation of Mozambique to
impose a ban on coral and aquarium fish exports until 2001. The Pacific
island of Fiji is also reviewing export laws.
The Marine Aquarium Council, a Honolulu-based umbrella for conservation
groups, marine industries and government agencies is calling for a
certification program. That would create a paper trail so that buyers know
their fish were harvested legally, said Paul Holthus, the council's
executive director.
Currently they have to "trust what they are being told" by sellers, he said.
In one report, the task force recommended increasing the number of Fish and
Wildlife Service inspectors at ports and testing fish for cyanide.
- Matt
"Dizzy" <di...@surfnetusa.com> wrote in message
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