Hi there!
async.callback will never be part of the spec, that's true. But there will be a completely different spec for a successor of Rack, which will include first class support for async responses. Howerver, work is going rather slow on that front at the moment.
At status quo, both Thin and Rainbows support just returning a Defferrable (or really, anything that responds to both callback and errback) without the need to an async response, rendering both the async handshake and async.callback unnecessary. Main issue is other middleware (esp. Rack::Lint) wrapping the body object in something that does not proxy those methods.
Konstantin