Has Technology Affected the Way Spine Surgery is Performed?

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Taylor Thomas

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May 11, 2013, 8:36:03 PM5/11/13
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Article Title: Has Technology Affected the Way Spine Surgery is Performed?
Author: Taylor Thomas
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In the past, patients who required surgical treatment for some spine conditions faced a lengthy hospital stay and arduous rehabilitation. Thanks to advances in technology, some patients can undergo minimally invasive procedures that are performed on an outpatient basis, and often require only a few weeks of rehabilitation. These advances in technology have undoubtedly affected the way spine surgery is performed and has made pain-free living a more viable option for individuals who might otherwise have avoided surgery.

Open Neck or Back Surgery vs. a Minimally Invasive Procedure

An open neck or back surgery is typically performed through a large incision in the neck, back, throat, or abdomen. Muscles, ligaments, tendons, and other soft tissues are dissected to provide access to the spine. Depending on the spine condition being treated, an intervertebral disc (which is a pad-like structure that absorbs impact and provides cushioning to the vertebrae) may need to be removed in its entirety. The surgeon then fills the empty disc space with an intervertebral cage that is secured to the adjacent vertebrae with screws and other hardware. Bone graft material is inserted into the intervertebral cage, which can eventually fuse the adjacent vertebrae together and restore stability to the spine.

A minimally invasive procedure, on the other hand, is performed on an outpatient basis, through an incision that is only about an inch long. The surgeon inserts a series of tubes, each one slightly larger than the last, until he or she has adequate access to the patient�s spine. This eliminates the need to dissect any musculature, allowing for a less painful and more expedient recovery. A series of surgical instruments are inserted through the tubes, which the surgeon uses to decompress a spinal nerve, nerve root, or the spinal cord itself. While an open neck or back surgery typically necessitates the complete removal of an intervertebral disc, the goal of a minimally invasive procedure is to remove only the portion of spinal anatomy that is causing neural compression.

What These Differences Mean for Patients

Patients who undergo minimally invasive procedures can have many advantages over those who undergo open neck or back surgeries. For one, minimally invasive procedures require less recovery time than open neck or back surgeries thanks to smaller incisions and the fact that no musculature is dissected. A smaller incision also makes for a slighter scar and a reduced chance of blood loss, infection, and other risk factors. Patients also face less risk for developing Failed Back Surgery Syndrome (FBSS), which is the worsening or continuation of symptoms following surgery.

State-of-the-art Technology Still Has Some Drawbacks

While the technology behind minimally invasive procedures has drastically changed the way some spine conditions are treated, in no way has it eliminated all of the risks associated with spine surgeries. Patients still face the possibility of infection, blood loss, and other risks, and they still require a certain amount of rehabilitation. Seeing how much technology has already changed the way spine surgery is performed, it�s possible that future advances could eliminate even more of the drawbacks to undergoing an operation.


About The Author: Taylor Thomas is able to offer advice and insight on a multitude of topics, including those pertaining to innovative technologies in medicine. http://www.marketwatch.com/story/laser-spine-institute-partners-with-marodyne-medical-to-offer-the-latest-in-low-intensity-vibration-science-2013-02-1

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