Login script!
Oliver Elphick
>Hi,
>
>Is it possible that Linux executes a script file when a user logs on?
>So for example, if user RUDY logs on, it executes the /home/rudy/script
>file, and when ROOT logs on, it executes the /root/script file!
>
>Could anybody please give me some examples?
Yes.
Exactly how it works depends a lot on what your setup is.
1) Not using xdm
a) Shell is sh, bash, ash, ksh or other Bourne-shell derivative:
Every login (except, perhaps, root?) first runs /etc/profile.
Next a file in your home directory is run; which one it is depends on
which shell you are running. Default for Bourne shell is .profile;
for bash it is .bash_profile; other shells may have different
behaviour - read the man page.
b) Shell is csh, tcsh:
.login in your home directory is run
2) Using xdm (log-in in a graphical screen)
If you have a .xsession file in your home directory, it is run; if you
don't, /etc/X11/Xsession is run.
Any of these scripts can run other scripts, without limit.
Different scripts get run if you start a new shell when you are already
logged in.
sh - [nothing]
bash - $HOME/.bash_rc
ksh - [contents of $ENV variable]
csh - $HOME/.cshrc
startx - $HOME/.xinitrc; /usr/X11R6/lib/X11/xinit/xinitrc if $HOME/.xinitrc
does not exist
others may be different again - check the man pages
Some Unix systems require these scripts to be executable.
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Michael Stenner
> Is it possible that Linux executes a script file when a user logs on?
> So for example, if user RUDY logs on, it executes the /home/rudy/script
> file, and when ROOT logs on, it executes the /root/script file!
your shell takes care of this for you. Note the bash manpage ('man
bash') for the specifics of what it executes and when, but the summary
is this:
if a shell is a login shell (like when you sit down and LOG IN) it
executes:
/etc/profile
~/.bash_profile
~/.bash_login
~/.profile
(note: login shells execute ~/.bash_logout when they exit)
if it is not a login shell (typically, xterms use non-login shells --
as a general, but not universal rule, if you need a password to start
it, it's a login shell), it executes:
~/.bashrc
Other shells have equivalent files, but you'll have to look in the
manpages for the details.
-Michael
--
Michael Stenner Office Phone: 919-660-2513
Duke University, Dept. of Physics mste...@phy.duke.edu
Box 90305, Durham N.C. 27708-0305
Brian Servis
> Hi,
>
> Is it possible that Linux executes a script file when a user logs on?
> So for example, if user RUDY logs on, it executes the /home/rudy/script
> file, and when ROOT logs on, it executes the /root/script file!
>
>
Yes. Each shell has its own files. So look at the man pages for the
shell that you use.
From the bash man page:
When bash is invoked as an interactive login shell, it
first reads and executes commands from the file /etc/pro
file, if that file exists. After reading that file, it
looks for ~/.bash_profile, ~/.bash_login, and ~/.profile,
in that order, and reads and executes commands from the
first one that exists and is readable. The --noprofile
option may be used when the shell is started to inhibit
this behavior.
When a login shell exits, bash reads and executes commands
from the file ~/.bash_logout, if it exists.
From the tcsh man page
A login shell begins by executing commands from the system
files /etc/csh.cshrc and /etc/csh.login. It then executes
commands from files in the user's home directory: first
~/.tcshrc (+) or, if ~/.tcshrc is not found, ~/.cshrc,
then ~/.history (or the value of the histfile shell vari
able), then ~/.login, and finally ~/.cshdirs (or the value
of the dirsfile shell variable) (+). The shell may read
/etc/csh.login before instead of after /etc/csh.cshrc, and
~/.login before instead of after ~/.tcshrc or ~/.cshrc and
~/.history, if so compiled; see the version shell vari
able. (+)
Non-login shells read only /etc/csh.cshrc and ~/.tcshrc or
~/.cshrc on startup.
[....]
When a login shell termi
nates it sets the logout shell variable to `normal' or
`automatic' as appropriate, then executes commands from
the files /etc/csh.logout and ~/.logout. The shell may
drop DTR on logout if so compiled; see the version shell
variable.
--
Brian
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Mechanical Engineering ser...@purdue.edu
Purdue University http://www.ecn.purdue.edu/~servis
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Bob Nielsen
logging on.
Bob
On Sat, Aug 07, 1999 at 08:44:30PM +0200, Rudy Broersma wrote:
> Hi,
>
> Is it possible that Linux executes a script file when a user logs on?
> So for example, if user RUDY logs on, it executes the /home/rudy/script
> file, and when ROOT logs on, it executes the /root/script file!
>
> Could anybody please give me some examples?
>
> Thanks in advance,
>
> Rudy
>
>
>
>
>
>
> --
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>
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Paul Miller
>
> Hi,
>
> Is it possible that Linux executes a script file when a user logs on?
> So for example, if user RUDY logs on, it executes the /home/rudy/script
> file, and when ROOT logs on, it executes the /root/script file!
>
> Could anybody please give me some examples?
>
interactive login or .bashrc for a non-interactive login. You can refer to the
man page for your shell to find out what script file it runs. BTW /etc/profile
is used by most shells as a system wide profile meaning it is read for all
logins.
Hope this helps,
--
Paul Miller
pmi...@jove.acs.unt.edu
Where do all the bits go when the computer is done with them?