DNA clue to child brain tumours
Omega Group
news.omega
University! Robert, "yes," they will have to "clue in soon"
-- society can not afford to wait. The question is, of course, when
will the much-needed facts be shared with the public so they can make
"informed decisions?"
I am including a study re dielectric breakdown that includes reference
to transmembrane voltage of 0.5 to 1 V as being generally accepted as
the minimum potential required to induce membrane breakdown in most
mammilian cell types. Exposures above that level are known to be
"irreversible."
Take care - Joanne
Joanne C. Mueller
Guinea Pigs "R" Us
731 - 123rd Avenue N.W.
Minneapolis, Minnesota 55448-2127 USA
Phone: 763-755-6114
Email: jcmpe...@aol.com <mailto:jcmpe...@aol.com> (11-03-08)
WEBSITE: http://guineapigsrus.org
*All truth goes through three stages: first it is ridiculed: then it
is violently opposed: finally it is accepted as self evident. -
Schopenhauer *
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Delivery of Genes In Vivo Using Pulsed Electric Fields
Book Series Methods in Molecular Medicine
<http://www.springerlink.com/content/v62187/?p=ce96ce99f9564c52b604f72f7badc4df&pi=0>
Volume Volume 37
Book Electrochemotherapy, Electrogenetherapy, and Transdermal Drug
Delivery
<http://www.springerlink.com/content/w14u66/?p=ce96ce99f9564c52b604f72f7badc4df&pi=0>
Publisher Humana Press
DOI 10.1385/1592590802
Copyright 2000
ISBN 978-0-89603-606-2 (Print) 978-1-59259-080-3 (Online)
Part Part 1
<http://www.springerlink.com/content/p45167746r63/?p=ce96ce99f9564c52b604f72f7badc4df&pi=0>
DOI 10.1385/1-59259-080-2:173
Pages 173-186
Subject Collection Biomedical and Life Sciences
<http://www.springerlink.com/biomedical-and-life-sciences/>
SpringerLink Date Saturday, February 02, 2008
http://www.springerlink.com/content/h75g262x87053517/fulltext.pdfPDF
(111.5 KB)
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<http://www.springerlink.com/content/h75g262x87053517/fulltext.html>http://www.springerlink.com/content/h75g262x87053517/fulltext.pdf?page=1Free
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<http://www.springerlink.com/content/h75g262x87053517/fulltext.pdf?page=1>
Methods in Molecular Medicine
Electrochemotherapy, Electrogenetherapy, and Transdermal Drug Delivery
Electrically Mediated Delivery of Molecules to Cells
10.1385/1-59259-080-2:173
Mark J. Jaroszeski, Richard Heller and Richard Gilbert
9. Delivery of Genes In Vivo Using Pulsed Electric Fields
Mark J. Jaroszeski^3 , Richard Gilbert^4 , Claude Nicolau^5, 6 and
Richard Heller^3
(3) Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, University of South
Florida, Tampa, FL
(4) Department of Chemical Engineering, College of Engineering,
University of South Florida, Tampa, FL
(5) Blood Research and Development Laboratory, Harvard Medical School,
Boston, MA
(6) Ecole Superieure de Biotechnolgie, Université Luis Pasteur,
Strausborg, France
Abstract
The first research that focused on the effects of pulsed electric fields
on living cells described the phenomena of reversible and irreversible
membrane breakdown in an in vitro environment in the 1960s and 1970s
(1–6). This early research led to the current understanding that
exposing cells to intense electric fields induces a transmembrane
potential that is superposed on the resting potential. Induced
potentials of sufficient magnitude cause a *dielectric breakdown of the
membrane*. This physical phenomenon was termed electroporation, or
electropermeabilization, because it was observed that molecules that do
not normally pass through the membrane gain intracellular access after
the cells were treated with electric fields.
http://www.springerlink.com/content/h75g262x87053517/
*[ File note: Review page 1 -- "Sample" -- ".......induced
transmembrane voltage of 0.5 to 1 v is generally accepted as the minimum
potential required to induce membrane breakdown in most mammilian cell
types (10) .........above cause irreversible........" jcm 11-03-08 ]*
**