1. "Torrent" is a system for storing and transporting very large
files, like DVD or bigger. A torrent (noun) is one of those files. A
torrent "client" is the program you install that downloads the file
for you, plus something else: everyone running a torrent client
participates in a worldwide distributed server; everyone who receives
a torrent also transmits to others (according to rules I don't know
anything about). So, you contribute to a distributed server, with your
compensation being the big files you can download. What you see, when
you try to download a very big file, is that you're receiving from
many different torrent clients around your area, or around the world,
simultaneously. Also, if you have a copy of data other people want,
and you put it in the designated place and label it as participating,
your computer will send bits of it as it has free time. (I think you
don't have to participate in that second part, but your system then
gets labeled as a sort of non-ideal node, or something.)
www.bittorrent.com
2. The "learning data" referred to is the giant collection of all the
mnemosyne repetition and scoring data that's been uploaded so far.
The importance of this is: The author of mnemosyne is looking for
proof that one algorithm is better than another before accepting any
of the many changes to the algorithm that people like myself keep
suggesting. Lacking any proof, I keep changing mnemosyne's algorithm
for myself, back and forth, and I'm not sure that I've accomplished
anything *at all*. So, this is a big deal for flashcard-system
theorists.
The original post in this thread informs us that someone has collected
this mass of information into a torrent file, and has put it in his
torrent client for anyone who wants it. So, that's a nice favor to
those interested. (And the more people download it, the more copies
will be in the torrent system, and the faster subsequent downloads
will be. That's it.)