Oops.
On Thursday, March 28, 2013 1:39:09 PM UTC-4, TobyCWoods wrote:
It's kinda like the word... "decimated"... too many in the press use it to mean extreme damage to... but it actually means a decrement of 10%.
decimate (dès´e-mât´) verb, transitive
decimated, decimating, decimates
1. To destroy or kill a large part of (a group).
2. Usage Problem. a. To inflict great destruction or damage on: The fawns decimated my sister's rose bushes. b. To reduce markedly in amount: a profligate heir who decimated his trust fund.
3. To select by lot and kill one in every ten of.
[Latin decimâre, decimât-, to punish every tenth person, from decimus, tenth, from decem, ten.]
- dec´ima´tion noun
Usage Note: Decimate originally referred to the killing of every tenth person, a punishment used in the Roman army for mutinous legions. Today this meaning is commonly extended to include the killing of any large proportion of a group. Sixty-six percent of the Usage Panel accepts this extension in the sentence The Jewish population of Germany was decimated by the war, even though it is common knowledge that the number of Jews killed was much greater than a tenth of the original population. However, when the meaning is further extended to include large-scale destruction other than killing, as in The supply of fresh produce was decimated by the accident at Chernobyl, the usage is accepted by only 26 percent of the Panel.
Word History: Decimate comes from the Latin word decimâre, which meant "to punish every tenth man chosen by lot, as in a mutinous military unit," decimâre being derived from decimus, "tenth." Our word decimate is first recorded in this sense in 1600 in A Treatise of Ireland, written by John Dymmok: "All . . . were by a martiall courte condemned to dye, which sentence was yet mittigated by the Lord Lieutenants mercy by which they were onely decimated by lott." Decimate then passed beyond the military context and came to be used rhetorically or loosely with reference to more than a tenth. Charlotte Brontë, for example, stated in a letter of 1848 that "Typhus fever decimated the school periodically," although typhus fever certainly did not always kill exactly a tenth of the school's population.
The American Heritage® Dictionary of the English Language, Third Edition copyright © 1992 by Houghton Mifflin Company. Electronic version licensed from INSO Corporation. All rights reserved.