Marge & Gower
Art Neuendorffer
The Cambridge History of English and American Literature
Volume II. The End of the Middle Ages. VI. John Gower.
<<Gower was undoubtedly of a Kentish family: the arms on his tomb are
the same as those of Sir Robert Gower of Brabourne. It seems probable
that, for the most part, he resided in London, and he was personally
known both to Richard II and to the family of John of Gaunt. For some
years in the latter part of his life he resided in lodgings assigned to
him within the Priory of St. Mary Overes, Southwark, of which house he
was a liberal benefactor. He died at an advanced age in the year 1408,
having lost his eyesight some years before this, and was buried in a
magnificent tomb with a recumbent effigy, in the church of the Priory,
now St. Saviour', Southwark, where the tomb is still to be seen, though
not in its original state nor quite in its original position. He had
been married in 1398, while living in the Priory, to one Agnes
Groundolf, who survived him, but there are some indications in his early
French work that the author had had a wife before this. That he was
acquainted with Chaucer we know on good evidence.>>
In May 1378, Chaucer, on leaving England for Italy, appointed Gower
and another to act for him under a general power of attorney during his
absence. A few years later, Chaucer addressed his Troilus and Criseyde
to Gower and Strode, to be criticised and corrected where need was,
O moral Gower, this book I directe
To thee, and to thee, philosophical Strode,
To vouchen sauf, ther nede is, to correcte,
Of your benignetes and zeles gode.
Finally, Gower, in Confessio Amantis, pays a tribute to Chaucer as a
poet of love in the lines which he puts into the mouth of Venus,
And gret wel Chaucer, when ye mete,
As mi disciple and mi poete:
For in the floures of his youthe
In sondri wise, as he wel couthe,
Of ditees and of songes glade,
The whiche he for mi sake made,
The lond fulfild is overal:
Whereof to him in special
Above alle othre I am most holde, etc.
These lines were omitted in the later forms of the text, and upon
this fact, combined with a supposed reference to Gower in the Canterbury
Tales, as the author of immoral stories, has been founded the notion of
a bitter quarrel between the two poets. But of this there is no
sufficient evidence. The omission of the greeting to Chaucer may be
plausibly explained on grounds connected with the mechanical
circumstances of the revision of Confessio Amantis; and Chaucer's
reference is, apparently, of a humorous character, the author of the not
very decent tales of the miller, the reeve and the merchant taking
advantage of his opportunity to reprove the "moral Gower" for selecting
improper subjects.>>
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http://www.luminarium.org/medlit/gowerbio.htm
<<In 1386, Gower began work on his most acclaimed work, Confessio
Amantis (i.e. Lover's Confession). Unlike his previous works, Gower
wrote the Confessio in English at the request of Richard II who was
concerned that so little was being written in English. It is a
collection of tales and exempla treating of courtly love. The framework
is that of a lover complaining first to Venus, and later in the work,
confessing to her priest, Genius. The Confessio, completed around 1390,
is an important contribution to courtly love literature in English. Some
of the stories have their counterparts in Chaucer's Canterbury Tales,
and one of the stories later served as the source for Shakespeare's
Pericles, in which Shakespeare had Gower appear in the Chorus. Gower
revised Confessio Amantis in 1393, replacing the praise of King Richard
II with a dedication to Henry of Lancaster. In return, Henry presented
Gower with an ornamented collar. In 1397, Gower married Agnes Groundolf.
By this time Gower was nearly blind, so the marriage may have been one
of convenience. King Richard II was finally deposed by parliament in
1399, replaced by Henry Lancaster as King Henry IV. Soon afterwards,
Gower composed a sequel to Vox Clamantis, the Cronica tripertita (i.e.
Tripartite Chronicle), in which he condemned the vices of King Richard
II and his court. At this time, Gower also wrote Latin verses in praise
of the new King, as well as his last English work, "To King Henry, in
Praise of Peace". In 1400, Gower dedicated and presented his French work
Cinkante Balades (Fifty Ballads), which some attribute to his younger
days, to King Henry. Old and blind, John Gower died in October 1408,
leaving a considerable estate. He was buried in St. Mary Overies, now
the cathedral of St. Saviour's, in Southwark, where his tomb can still
be seen today.
http://ebbs.english.vt.edu/exper/mosser/gower/tomb.html
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.churchmousewebsite.co.uk/cadavertombs/southwark_cadaver.htm
d. May 24, 1588: Thomas Cure,
Master of the Queen's Horse and founder of Cure College.
North Aisle of The Cathedral Church of St Saviour. Formerly the Priory
Church of St Mary Overie. This mid 15th century cadaver effigy is placed
here temporarily and is nothing whatsoever to do with the notice
at the back of the tomb recess (which contains the information
to Thomas Cure Esqr. of Southwark Obijt 25th May 1588).
It is the usual emaciated corpse laying in an opened Shroud.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<Lazarus & his sister *Martha* landed on the shore
near *ARLES* around the 40-45 A.D.
The Egyptian spouse of Pontius PILATE, Sara, accompanied them.>>
http://www.musicprom.com/e_camargue.html
24 May: Feast day of St. Sara, patroness of gypsies
---------------------------------------------------------------------
24 May 1862, First trial run of London Underground
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Le 24 mai 1863, un dimanche, mon oncle, le professeur Lidenbrock,
revint précipitamment vers sa petite maison située au numéro
19 de Königstrasse, l'une des plus anciennes rues
du vieux quartier de Hambourg.
La bonne *Marthe* dut se croire fort en retard, car le dîner
commençait à peine à chanter sur le fourneau de la cuisine.
- J.C.E. by VERnE
---------------------------------------------------------------------
May 24, 1819, Queen Victoria born on grandfather
King George III's 81st birthday.
May 24, 1844, Samuel F. B. Morse decodes: "What HATH God WROUGHT?"
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
John Gower, Confessio Amantis, Tale of Florent, Book I
http://www.icg.fas.harvard.edu/~chaucer/special/authors/gower/gow-flor.html
Florent this thing *HATH* undertake, The day was set, the time take,
*Under his seal* he *WROT* his oth, In such a wise and forth he goth
http://www.greatseal.com/symbols/coeptis.html
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.ntin.net/McDaniel/0524.htm
May 24, 1543, The Polish astronomer Nicolaus Copernicus died
having just viewed that day the completed publication
of his treatise on the orbits of the planets.
May 24, 1624, after years of unprofitable operation Virginia's
charter was revoked and it became a royal colony.
May 24, 1686, Gabriel Daniel Fahrenheit, German physicist born.
May 24, 1689, the English Parliament passed Act of Toleration,
protecting Protestants. Roman Catholics were
specifically excluded from exemption.
May 24, 1725, Famous highwaymen, Jonathan Wild, hanged.
May 24, 1738, King George III, son of Frederick, Prince of Wales
and grandson & successor to King George II, was born. Jefferson's
vilification of him in the Declaration of Independence and Byron's
lampoon of him in The Vision of Judgment have been countered somewhat
lately by some kind words about him uttered by the present heir to the
throne and the sympathetic treatment of him in the play/film The Madness
of King George. When the first ambassador to the Court of King James,
future President John Adams, presented his credentials in 1783, the King
was advised that it was obligatory that he receive the new diplomat from
the former colonies. Poor George tried to do so, but when Adams walked
into the receiving room, the King turned his back on him and walked
out. On the same day in London, English founder of Methodism John
Wesley underwent his famous religious conversion at Aldersgate Chapel.
May 24, 1743, Jean-Paul Marat, one of the leaders of
the French Revolution, was born
May 24, 1764, Boston lawyer James Otis denounced
"taxation without representation"
May 24, 1816, Emamual Leutze born in Germany. He was most famous
for his paintings Washington Crossing the Delaware
and Columbus Before the Queen.
May 24, 1819, Queen Victoria was born on this day in 1819, her
grandfather/king's 81st birthday, six months before the old mad king's
death. Her father was one of King George III's notorious sons, Edward,
Duke of Kent, who had married a Thuringian widow named Victoria. Through
her Victoria had a half-brother and half-sister, who seemed to play
little or no role in her life. The Duke of Kent was so libidinous that
the Duchess of Kent did not trust him with his own daughter.
May 24, 1844, the first Morse Code message, the Biblical quotation "What
hath God wrought", was transmitted by Samuel F.B. Morse from Washington
D.C. to Baltimore, Maryland. This event inaugurated America's telegraph
industry.
May 24, 1883, The Brooklyn Bridge opened between Lower Manhattan and
Brooklyn on this day in 1883 by President Chester A, Arthur and New York
governor Grover Cleveland. It was designed by John Roebling, who died
before its completion, leaving the structure to be finished by his son
Washington. A week after its opening, a panic on the bridge led to the
deaths of 12 persons.
------------------------------------------------------------------
David I, King of Scotland (Asc. April 23, 1124)
Born 1084; died at Carlisle, Scotland, on May 24, 1153.
http://users.erols.com/saintpat/ss/0524.htm
Assended to the throne on April 23, 1124
<<Saint David was the son of King Malcolm III & Queen Saint Margaret
of Scotland. He was sent to the Norman court in England in 1093. In
1113, he married Matilda, the widow of the earl of Northampton, thereby
becoming earl himself, and added the title earl of Cumbria when his
brother Alexander I became king. He waged a long war against King
Stephen for the throne of England on behalf of his niece Matilda,
but was defeated at Standard in 1138.
As King of Scotland from 1124, he was much more successful, ruling
with firmness, justice, & charity. David established Norman law in
Scotland, set up the office of chancellor, and began the feudal court.
He also learned the spirit of Cistercian monks from Ailred of Rievaulx,
who for a time was David's steward. Scottish monasticism began
to flower from the start of David's reign & countless almshouses,
leper-hospitals, and infirmaries were established.>>
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Alexander I (died: April 23, 1124), king of Scotland, son of Malcolm III
& Margaret, sister of Edgar Atheling, ascended the throne in 1107; and
merited by the vigour & impetuosity of his character the appellation of
The Fierce. He vigorously suppressed several insurrections which broke
out in his kingdom, and successfully withstood the attempts of the
English Archbishops to exercise jurisdiction in Scotland. He married one
of the illegitimate daughters of Henry I. of England.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
JAMES I: 46th REX DEUS/PRIORY of SION generation
http://www.hials.no/~hy/_gen/j/index.htm#s46b
---------------------------------------------------------------
(The King James & only the King James version):
Psalm 46
"SHAKE" is the 46th word from the beginning,
and "SPEAR" is the 46th word from the end.
-----------------------------------------------------------
Psalms 46
3.Though the waters thereof roar and be troubled, though
the mountains SHAKE with the swelling thereof.
9. he breaketh the bow, and cutteth the SPEAR in sunder;
he burneth the chariot in the fire.
-------------------------------------------------------------
Act 3, Scene 1
MACBETH Thence to be wrench'd with an unlineal hand,
No son of mine succeeding. If 't be so,
For Banquo's issue have I filed my mind;
For them the gracious DUNCAN have I murder'd;
---------------------------------------------------------
SHAKE SPEAR JAMES I 46,
---------------------------------------------------------
mountains in Mary Queen of Scots 45,
the sunder; James V 44,
though he James IV 43,
troubled, burneth James III 42,
be the James II 41,
and chariot Joan Beaufort 40,
roar in Margaret Holland 39,
thereof the Thomas Holland 38,
waters fire. Joan PLANTAGENET 37,
b. 29 Sep 1328
the Be EDMUND Of Woodstock 36,
Though still, Edward I (Longshanks) 35,
sea; and Henry III 34,
the know KING JOHN 33,
of that HENRY II 32,
midst I Matilda 31,
the am Edith 30,
-----------------------------------------------------
Act 1, Scene 4
DUNCAN We will establish our estate upon
Our eldest, MALCOLM, whom we name hereafter
The Prince of Cumberland; which honour must
Not unaccompanied invest him only,
But signs of nobleness, like STARS,
shall shine On all dEsERVErs.
---------------------------------------------------------
into GOD: MALCOLM III 29,
---------------------------------------------------------
Act 3, Scene 6
Lord The son of DUNCAN,
From whom this tyrant holds the due of birth
Lives in the English court, and is received
Of the most pious Edward with such grace
That the malevolence of fortune nothing
Takes from his high respect:
---------------------------------------------------------
Act 2, Scene 3
MACBETH Here lay DUNCAN,
His silver skin laced with his golden blood;
And his gash'd stabs look'd like a breach in nature
For ruin's WASTEful entrance:
--------------------------------------------------------------
carried I DUNCAN I 28, T O.T H E.
be will Bethoc Malcholmsdtr Scots 27, O N L I E.
mountains be Malcholm Ii Keamer Maomor 26, B E G E T
the exalted Kenneth Ii Malcomson Scots 25, T E R.O F.
and among Malcom I Donaldson 24, T H E S E.
though the Donald Ii Constantineson 23, I N S V I
removed, heathen, King Kennethson 22, N G.S O N
be I Kenneth I King Alpinson 21, N E T S Mr
earth will Alpin King Eochaiedson 20, [W]H A L L.
the be Eochaied Aedson 19, H[A]P P I
though exalted Aed Eochaidson Find 18, N E[S]S E.
fear, in Eochaid Domangartson 17, A N D[T]H
we the Domangart Donaldson 16, A T.E T[E]
not earth. Donald Enochaidson Buide 15, R N I T I
will The Enochaid Adeanson Buide 14, E P R O M
Therefore LORD Ygrame Taliesinsdtr Del Acqs 13, I S E D.B
trouble. of Vivianne Queen Avallon 12, Y.O V R.E
in hosts Comets De Toulouse 11, V E R-L I
help is Frotmund Famundson 10, V I N G.P
present with Faramund Frotmundson 9, O E T.W I
very us; Frotmund Boazsson 8, S H E T H.
a the Boaz Titurelsson 7, T H E.W E
strength, God Titurel Manuelsson 6, L L-W I S
and of Manuel Cathaloysson 5, H I N G.A
refuge Jacob Cathaloys Arninadabsson 4, D V E N T
our is Aminadab Josuesson 3, V R E R I
is our Josue Josephsson 2, N.S E T T
GOD refuge. Joseph Rama-Theo Jesusson 1, I N G.F O
Jesus Christ 0 R T H.T.T.
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Saint George Feastday: April 23
April 23 = 33rd day of Spring (mystic Masonic #33)
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Wed. 23 April 1124: Start of reign of St. David I, King of Scotland
Mon. 23 April 1151: Death date of Adeliza OF LOUVAIN
Sat. 23 April 1307: Death date of Joan OF ACRE, Princess of England
Wed. 23 April 1348: 1st St George's Day: Joan of KENT, Princess of Wales
--------------------------------------------------------
Bartholomew & Beatrix
--------------------------------------------------------
Bartholomew (Bardolf in Saxon) the brother-in-law of
King Malcolm III Canmore of Scotland.
<<Bartholomew came to Scotland as *steward* to Princess Margaret who
married King Malcolm, became Queen of Scotland and a Saint of the
Christian Church. Bartholomew married Beatrix, a sister of King
Malcolm, who gave Bartholomew extensive lands in the Garioch where
he built the first Leslie Castle of timber.>>
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
_A SCANDAL IN BOHEMIA_
"It was I who brought about the separation between Irene Adler and the
late King of Bohemia when your cousin Heinrich was the Imperial Envoy.
It was I also who saved from murder, by the Nihilist Klopman, Count Von
und Zu Grafenstein, who was your mother's elder brother. It was I- -"
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
Kingdom of Bohemia (12th c.-1918)
http://www.heraldica.org/topics/national/czech.htm
<<The historic arms of Bohemia appear in the late 12th c.
It dates to 1158, and can be seen on the tomb of Ottokar I,
first hereditary king of Bohemia, died 1230.
* Bohemia: gules, a lion rampant, queue fourchee argent,
crowned (langued and armed) or.
Crest: out of a ducal coronet,
a pair of eagle's wings sable seme of linden leaves or.
Under the Hapsburg dynasty (1526-1918) the kingdom of Bohemia appeared
in the grand arms as a quarter of the following disposition: Quarterly
Moravia, Silesia, Upper and Lower Lusatia, en surtout Bohemia.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
4 Mar 1526 => *Henry Carey (Baron Hunsdon) born*
1526 => *de Vere's grandfather becomes 15th Earl*
1526 => Bohemia came under the rule of Habsburgs
1526 =>St Paul's Boys acted Terence's Phormio f.
Wolsey
1526 => Aethiopica of Heliodorus discovered
2 Jun 1526 => Venus TRANSIT
3 Nov 1526 => Mercury TRANSIT
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://93.1911encyclopedia.org/J/JO/JOHN_KING_OF_BOHEMIA.htm
JOHN (1296-1346), king of Bohemia, was a son of the emperor Henry VII.
by his wife Margaret.. . John was a chivalrous and romantic personage,
who enjoyed a great reputation for valour both before and after his
death; but as a ruler he was careless and extravagant, interested only
in his kingdom when seeking relief from his constant pecuniary
embarrassments. According to Camden the crest or badge of three ostrich
feathers, with the motto Ich dien, borne by the prince ol Wales was
originally that of John of Bohemia and was first assumed by Edward the
Black Prince after the battle of Crecy There is no proof, however, that
this badge was ever worn by John-it certainly was not his crest-and its
origin must be sought elsewhere.
-------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<Minerva Britanna was dedicated to Henry Stuart, whose
motto "ICH DIEN" Peacham anagrammatises as "HIC INDE.">>
but: "ICH DIEN" means "I SERVE" => "IS VERE"
--------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<the King of Bohemia's crest had always been the wing of an eagle.>>
http://www.geocities.com/ResearchTriangle/2608/Crest.html
------------------------------------------------------------------------
<<The Old Crest consisting of three Ostrich Plumes was replaced in 1964
by the new Crest consisting of the peacock feathers, giving due regard
to the old traditions and the new national aspirations. It is
appropriate to give briefly the history of the old crest and its motto
as had been procured through the courtesy of Vice Admiral Hill Carlill
in 1956. For long it was accepted that the badge of the three ostrich
feathers "erect argent, penned or" and the motto "ICH DIEN(E)" were won
by the Black Prince from King John of Bohemia at the battle of Crecy.
Later investigations, however, revealed that this was unlikely because
the King of Bohemia's crest had always been the wing of an eagle. It
appears that the three feathers are most likely to have been derived
from the arms of the Black Prince's mother, Phillippa of Hainault, and
they also appear in a seal of Edward II dated after his marriage with
Phillippa.
Kings and princes of the Plantagenet and Lancastrain dynasties- and
indeed the Tudors also- each bore a number of different badges and among
these ostrich feathers figure frequently in varying numbers and
arrangements. The familiar badge of the three silver feathers may have
been tacitly reserved for the Prince of Wales.
The ostrich feathers and the motto "Ich Dien" were given to the College
in March 1922 on its inauguration by the then Prince of Wales. Since
then the cadets of the RIMC have worn the crest and the motto keeping up
the high ideals and traditions of the badge. But with independence it
became necessary to have a crest and motto, true to the sovereign and
independent status of India. Thus after long deliberation it was decided
by the Government to have peacock feathers in place of the ostrich
plume. This is indeed, very appropriate as the peacock is our national
bird and stands for beauty, grace, poise and strength. It has also the
power to kill the evil symbolised in the snake. Again, the peacock is
the vehicle of both Saraswati, the Goddess of learning and wisdom and
Karttikeya, the God of War.
In the new design, the British Crown has given place to the Ashoka
Chakra which, in addition to its association with the great Indian
Emperor Ashoka, stands for equality and eternal progress. The bull and
the horse on either side of the Chakra stands for strength and speed
respectively.
The motto "BAL, VIVEK"- Strength and Wisdom has also been selected
in keeping with the meaning of the new crest and the aim for which
RIMC stands. The old motto "Ich Dien" (meaning ' I serve' )
on the other hand was appropriate for the age gone by.>>
--------------------------------------------------------------------
Order of the Garter
http://www.heraldica.org/topics/orders/garterlist.htm
1386 Maud, Countess of Oxford. Daughter of Sir Ralph Ufford. Married
Thomas (de Vere), 8th Earl of Oxford, who died 1371.
73 (inv 1384) Robert (Vere), 9th Earl of Oxford & Duke of Ireland.
Once the favourite of Richard II,
he died in exile and poverty at LOUVAIN.
He was attainted in 1387, possibly degraded 1388.
1378 Philippa, Countess of Oxford. Daughter and heiress of Enguerrand
de Coucy, Earl of Bedford, K.G., afterwards Duke of Bedford.
Married Robert (de Vere), 9th Earl of Oxford,
afterwards Duke of Ireland, K.G.
126 (inv 1415) Richard (de Vere), 11th Earl of Oxford.
Held a command at the battle of Agincourt.
228 (inv 1486) John (de Vere), 13th Earl of Oxford.
In command at the battle of Bosworth in support of Henry VII,
and later against Simnel's rebellion.
345 (inv 1561) Henry (Carey), 1st Lord Hunsdon.
356 (inv 1572) William (Cecil), 1st Lord Burghley.
360 (inv 1574) Henry (Herbert), 2nd Earl of Pembroke. Married Mary,
sister of Sir Philip Sidney: "Sidney's sister, Pembroke's mother."
293 (inv 1527) John (de Vere), 15th Earl of Oxford.
Knighted at the battle of the Spurs.
366 (inv 1585) Edward (Manners), 3rd Earl of Rutland.
385 (inv 1597) George (Carey), 2nd Lord Hunsdon.
391 (inv 1601) William (Stanley), 6th Earl of Derby.
392 (inv 1601) Thomas (Cecil), 2nd Lord Burghley.
Lord President of the Council of the North. Present at the storming
of Edinburgh in 1573. Suppressed the rebellion of the Earl of Essex.
396 (inv 1603) Henry (Wriothesley), 3rd Earl of Southampton.
Served under Essex in the attack upon Cadiz.
398 (inv 1603) William (Herbert), 3rd Earl of Pembroke.
404 (inv 1605) Philip (Herbert), 1st Earl of Montgomery.
412 (inv 160) Francis, (Manners), 6th Earl of Rutland. Concerned in
the rebellion of the Earl of Essex, but escaped with a heavy fine.
461 (inv 1661) Aubrey (de Vere), 20th (and last) Earl of Oxford.
Imprisoned in the Tower of London as party to a plot
against the Protector Cromwell.
522 (inv 1713) Robert (Harley), 1st Earl of Oxford and Earl Mortimer.
Lord High Treasurer. He and his son founded the famous Harleian
Collection of manuscripts now in the British Museum.
----------------------------------------------------------------------------
http://internet.ocii.com/~stgeorge/page7.html
<<The date of the foundation of the Order of the Garter has been fixed
by recent research as on the first Saint George's Day, April 23, 1348.
Latest evidence tends to establish also that the original story about
the garter is true. The garter was dropped at a court ball by the
Countess of Salisbury, a lady afterwards more famous in history as Joan,
the fair maid of Kent, first English princess of Wales, wife of the
Black Prince and Mother of King Richard II. The story begins in 1337
when King Edward III held historic Feast of the Heron in the Great Hall
of Westminster Palace and vowed to conquer France. In support of the
king, a fire-eating but courtly young Lancashire squire named Thomas
Holland vowed to use only one eye till he had performed some deed of
arms on French soil. Accordingly he put on an eye cover of white silk,
deeply impressing his chosen lady, the fair maid of Kent. This he wore
for nine years or more. Two years later, the English court was settled
in Flanders with Edward carrying abortive raids into neighboring French
provinces. Thomas Holland persuaded Joan to marry him and to keep all
but the few witnesses of the ceremony out of the secret. A year or so
later he went off to Prussia in search of military fame. In his absence
Joan's relatives, including her mother and the King, forced her into
formal marriage with William Montague, future Earl of Salisbury and
special favorite of King Edward. On his return Holland found he could do
nothing to get Joan back but by an odd twist of fortune the king made
him steward of William's and Joan's household. Edward founded in 1344
his Brotherhood of Knights of Saint George, largely as propaganda for
his enterprise of conquering France. While the expeditionary force was
engaged in the long siege of Paris, Joan of Kent was summoned by the
King to join him and Queen Phipipa at their camp before Calais and on
her arrival gave a magnificent feast in her honour . Edward was "smitten
with the sparkle of fine love" for the glorious young Countess of
Salisbury. By the middle of August, 1347, the English were inside Calais
and at some celebration of this final triumph Joan was dancing with or
near the king when one of her garters, to her great embarrassment, fell
to the floor. The king stopped, picked up the blue ribbon, and bound it
round his own knee. Rash onlookers ventured insinuating jests to which
Edward gave back the just rebuke "Honi soit qui mal y pense," (Evil be
to him who evil thinks). The garter, he declared, should soon be most
highly honoured; and within six months he and his 12 companion knights,
one of whom was Salisbury, were wearing at the victory tournaments in
England garters of blue silk embroidered with the motto. Meanwhile
Thomas Holland, unable to bear the loss of the lady who was to become
the most celebrated in the world of chivalry, appealed to the pope to
annul Joan's marriage to Salisbury and restore her to him. While victory
tournaments were being held Edward and Salisbury were told of Holland's
sudden action. Joan declared she would support Holland and Salisbury
retorted by putting her under lock and key. She was still Salisbury's
prisoner April 23rd 1348, the first Saint George's day which was also
Garter Day, but May 3, the pope ordered her release. In a papal court
Nov. 13, 1349, Holland won back Joan from Salisbury. He died as her
husband and the Earl of Kent in 1360. Joan survived him to become first
wife and then widow of the Black Prince and Mother of King Richard II.>>
------------------------------------------------------------------
<<From the start, the Order of the Garter's spiritual home was the
chapel in Windsor Castle: the original one, before the present St
George's Chapel was built, stood on the site of the present Albert
Memorial Chapel. There are never more than 24 Knights Companion. The
emblem of the Order is a blue ribbon (or garter), worn by men below the
left knee and by ladies on the left arm, and bearing the famous legend:
Honi Soit Qui Mal Y Pense ("Shame on him who thinks this evil")
On the 24th of June 1348 (256 years before Oxford's death)
the first Garter Ceremony was held at Windsor.
The idea for the Garter came to Edward III at the conclusion to a
Windsor tournament in 1344. The opportunity arose from a mishap at a
Ball probably held at Calais after the fall of that city to Edward's
seige in 1347. The concept embraced the establishment of a new Camelot
around a table of Edward's closest knights. On the 10th August 1348,
whilst the plague swept through England, the founder knights filed in
pairs into St. George's Chapel for their first investiture. The lines
parted thence to seat themselves behind either the king or the Black
Prince. They faced each other across the chapel like the opposing
tournament teams they were meant to represent. The previous 15 years of
Edward III's reign had been so militarily successful that it was seen
that only with God's help such achievements could have been made
[Halidon, Neville's Cross, Crecy, Calais, Potiers] but essentially
the investiture remained a non-religious occasion.>>
http://members.tripod.com/~midgley/chapel.html
http://guweb2.gonzaga.edu/faculty/wheeler/chaucerbio.html
1374 April 23: Chaucer receives a royal grant
of a pitcher of wine daily.
1390 Chaucer commissioned to repair Saint George's chapel, Windsor.
---------------------------------------------------------------------
Shakspere was poisoned in Stratford on St.George's Day, 1616.
(Cervantes died the same day.)
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*871 April 23* Alfred the Great acceded.
He died 25/26 October 899, at the age of 50/53.
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http://www.berkshirehistory.com/bios/alfred.html
<<The youngest son of King Aethelwulf, born in Wantage in Berkshire,
Alfred became King of Wessex during a time of constant Viking attack.
He was driven into hiding by a Viking raid into Wessex, led by the Dane,
Guthorm, and took refuge in the Athelney marshes in Somerset. There, he
recovered sufficient strength to be able to defeat the Danes decisively
at the Battle of Eddington. As a condition of the peace treaty which
followed, Guthorm received Christian baptism and withdrew his forces
from Wessex, with Alfred recognizing the Danish control over East Anglia
and parts of Mercia. This partition of England, called the "Danelaw",
was formalized by another treaty in 886.
Alfred created a series of fortifications to surround his kingdom and
provide needed security from invasion. The Anglo-Saxon word for these
forts, "burhs", has come down to us in the common place-name suffix,
"bury." He also constructed a fleet of ships to augment his other
defenses, and in so doing became known as the "Father of the English
Navy." The reign of Alfred was known for more than military success. He
was a codifier of law, a promoter of education and a supporter of the
arts. He, himself, was a scholar and translated Latin books into the
Anglo-Saxon tongue. The definitive contemporary work on Alfred's life
is an unfinished account in Latin by Asser, a Welshman, bishop of
Sherbourne and Alfred's counsellor. After his death, he was buried in
his capital city of Winchester, and is the only English monarch in
history to carry the title, "the Great.">>
--------------------------------------------------------------
http://www.royal.gov.uk/output/Page25.asp
<<Alfred's concept of kingship extended beyond the administration of the
tribal kingdom of Wessex into a broader context. A religiously devout
and pragmatic man who learnt Latin in his late thirties, he recognised
that the general deterioration in learning and religion caused by the
Vikings' destruction of monasteries (the centres of the rudimentary
education network) had serious implications for rulership. For example,
the poor standards in Latin had led to a decline in the use of the
charter as an instrument of royal government to disseminate the king's
instructions and legislation. In one of his prefaces, Alfred wrote 'so
general was its [Latin] decay in England that there were very few on
this side of the Humber who could understand their rituals in English or
translate a letter from Latin into English ... so few that I cannot
remember a single one south of the Thames when I came to the throne.'
To improve literacy, Alfred arranged, and took part in, the translation
(by scholars from Mercia) from Latin into Anglo-Saxon of a handful of
books he thought it 'most needful for men to know, and to bring it to
pass ... if we have the peace, that all the youth now in England ... may
be devoted to learning'. These books covered history, philosophy and
Gregory the Great's 'Pastoral Care' (a handbook for bishops), and copies
of these books were sent to all the bishops of the kingdom. Alfred was
patron of the Anglo-Saxon Chronicle (which was copied and supplemented
up to 1154), a patriotic history of the English from the Wessex
viewpoint designed to inspire its readers and celebrate Alfred.
King Alfred the Great died on October 26, 899
and was buried in the Old Minister at Winchester.
He is the only English monarch to be known as "the Great".>>
----------------------------------------------------------------------
*1014 April 23* (Good Friday): King Brian Boru of Ireland was killed
whilst defeating the Danes at the Battle of Clontarf.
----------------------------------------------------------------------
<<On the fidd of *Verdor* the rampart combatants had left him
lion with his dexter handcoup wresterected in a pureede
paumee bloody proper. Indeed not a few thick and thin
*well-wishers* , mostly of the *clontarfminded* class,>>
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Revelation 13:18. Here is WISDOM.
Let him that hath understanding count the number of the beast:
for it is the number of a man;
and his number is Six hundred threescore and six.
-----------------------------------------------------------------
216 = 6 x 6 x 6 = 18 x 12
Shakspere died 216 years after Aubrey de Vere (10th E.) died
<<Vere, Aubrey de (c. 1340- *APRIL 23, 1400*). 10th E. of Oxford;
erroneously named as executed [February 1400]
('Oxford, Salisbury,', etc.),
in Q1,2,3,4 of Rich. II,v,6, corrected in FfQ5
to 'Salisbury, Spencer,' etc.; as in Hol.iii,516.>>
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_Who's Who in Shakespeare_ by Francis Stokes
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[King Richard the Second (Quarto) 5.6]
North. First to thy sacred state WISH I ALL HAPPINESSE,
The next NEWES is, I haue to London sent
The heades of *OXFORD* , Salisbury, Blunt and Kent,
The maner of their taking may appeare
At large discoursed in this paper heere.
---------------------------------------------------------
[King Richard the Second (Folio) 5.6]
Nor. First to thy Sacred State, WISH I ALL HAPPINESSE:
The next newes is, I haue to London sent
The heads of Salsbury, *SPENCER* , Blunt, and Kent:
The manner of their taking may appeare
At large discoursed in this paper heere.
-----------------------------------------------------------
Art Neuendorffer
BCD
"Art Neuendorffer" <aneuendor...@comcast.net> wrote in message
news:3E233F8...@comcast.net...
> [...] Alexander I [...] vigorously suppressed several insurrections which
broke
> out in his kingdom,
***Broke!
> [...] 9. he breaketh the bow, and cutteth the SPEAR in sunder;
***Break! Sunder!
> [...] the sunder; James V 44,
***Sunder!
> [...] MACBETH Here lay DUNCAN,
> His silver skin laced with his golden blood;
> And his gash'd stabs look'd like a breach in nature
***Breach!
> [...] Alfred became King of Wessex [...] This partition of England,
called the "Danelaw"
> was formalized by another treaty in 886.
***Partition!
> [...] he recognised
> that the general deterioration in learning and religion caused by the
> Vikings' destruction of monasteries (the centres of the rudimentary
> education network) had serious implications for rulership.
***Destruction!
> [...] *1014 April 23* (Good Friday): King Brian Boru of Ireland was killed
> whilst defeating the Danes at the Battle of Clontarf.
***Killed whilst defeating!
> [...]
***Oh, I see the theme in all this. Art, you're becoming transparent. This
is the break-fest of Champions.
Best Wishes,
--BCD
Web Site: http://www.csulb.edu/~odinthor
Visit unknown Los Angeles: http://www.csulb.edu/~odinthor/socal1.html
Art Neuendorffer
> ***Oh, I see the theme in all this. Art, you're becoming transparent.
> This is the break-fest of Champions.
We tease?
Art N.
BCD
FERDINAND:
Will you hear this letter with attention?
BIRON:
As we would hear an oracle.
--(LLL I:1)