Triple
Helix: Designing A New Standard Of Life
For all the magnificent diversity of life on
this planet, ranging from tiny bacteria to
majestic blue whales, from sunshine-harvesting
plants to mineral-digesting endoliths miles
underground, only one kind of “life as we
know it” exists. All these organisms are
based on nucleic acids—DNA and RNA—and
proteins, working together
more or less as described by the so-called
central dogma of molecular biology: DNA
stores information that is transcribed into
RNA, which then serves as a template for
producing a protein. The proteins, in turn,
serve as important structural elements in
tissues and, as enzymes, are the cell’s
workhorses. Yet scientists dream of
synthesizing life that is utterly alien to
this world—both to better understand the
minimum components required for life (as
part of the quest to uncover the essence of
life and how life originated on earth) and,
frankly, to see if they can do it. That is,
they hope to put together a novel
combination of molecules that can
self-organize, metabolize (make use of an
energy source), grow, reproduce and evolve.