Elsevier vs. Open Access - Evidence-Based Management

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From: Rob Briner <rb...@management.bath.ac.uk>
To: "evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com"
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Date: Wed, 22 Feb 2012 07:11:16 +0000
Subject: RE: Elsevier vs. Open Access
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Thanks Alison.  Your views are similar to those of a colleague of mine who,=
 when academics are complaining about things such as business school/journa=
l rankings and the managerialism and work intensification and dubious pract=
ices rankings produce, always simply says:  "But we are doing this to ourse=
lves."  His view, like yours, is that we position these problems as somethi=
ng being done to us by some external evil forces when much (some) of it is =
of our own creation.

Thanks also Sara - I didn't realise there were so many similarities between=
 law and business schools in this respect.  Kinda comforting and depressing=
 at the same time.

Cheers

Rob


Rob B Briner | Professor of Organizational Psychology | School of Managemen=
t | University of Bath

From: evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com [mailto:evidence-based-man=
agement@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of Rynes-Weller, Sara L
Sent: 22 February 2012 03:34
To: evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com
Subject: RE: Elsevier vs. Open Access

Alison,

That's an interesting perspective. I attach an opinion piece from the NY Ti=
mes about law schools (but it could just as well be business schools =3D=3D=
 exactly the same phenomenon) that speaks to your point (as follows): But, =
isn't the driver of this dynamic the reward system that
academic institutions have in place that drive people to publish their
research in these publications? This same reward systems drives the gap
between academic research and relevance/practical considerations. So, why
revolt against the publisher(s) and not against the reward
systems/institutions that shape this dynamic? Why do academics always act
powerless to change their own system/culture but can band together to revol=
t
against a business set up to extract value from this system? Just a thought=
.

I've highlighted the section in yellow that is most pertinent.

Sara

The Bad News Law Schools
By STANLEY FISH

Stanley Fish on education, law and society.

.Tags:
Law Schools

.
Back in November, an editorial in this newspaper began by declaring that "A=
merican legal education is in crisis." I was struck at the time by how unli=
kely it would be for an editorial to announce that "humanities education is=
 in crisis," if only because a state of crisis, along with ritual lamentati=
ons about it, has characterized humanities education for much longer than I=
 have been alive. There would be no news there, but it was news, apparently=
, that the legal academy was in trouble.

In fact, that news was itself not so new. Uneasiness about the state of leg=
al education has been around for some time, but in the wake of the financia=
l meltdown of 2008, uneasiness ripened into a conviction that something was=
 terribly wrong as law school applications declined, thousands of lawyers l=
ost their jobs, employers complained that law school graduates had not been=
 trained to practice law, and law school graduates complained that they had=
 been led into debt by false promises of employment and high salaries. And =
while all this was happening, law schools continued to raise tuition, take =
in more and more students, and construct elaborate new facilities.

That at least is the story told in a book to be published later this year, =
"Failing Law Schools," by Brian Tamanaha. Tamanaha is a law professor, a fo=
rmer law school dean, a prolific legal theorist and, by his own account, a =
malefactor who in the past did some of the things he now criticizes. Having=
 seen the light, he feels compelled to spread and document the bad news.

Tamanaha predicts that his "pages will put off many of my fellow legal educ=
ators," and given the legal academy's responses (including mine) to a serie=
s of critical articles by David Segal, he is probably right. Tamanaha's ana=
lysis pretty much tracks Segal's, but his book is more ambitious in its sco=
pe and puts statistical flesh on the bones of Segal's polemic. He catalogs =
a large number of failings on the part of law schools, but his emphasis is =
less on particular bad actors (although he names more than a few) than on t=
he structural conditions - conditions put in place by no one, but affecting=
 everyone - that generate and drive their behavior.

Two such conditions can be colloquially named "the ABA made me do it" and "=
the rankings made me do it." Tamanaha faults the American Bar Association f=
or instituting policies that have the effect of forcing all law schools, no=
 matter what demographic they serve, to model themselves on wealthy elites =
like Yale, Harvard and Stanford. ABA requirements that accredited law schoo=
ls have state-of-the-art facilities, substantial libraries, an academically=
 credentialed faculty and low student-teacher ratios operate to dis-accredi=
t law schools "built on a low cost model which emphasizes teaching rather t=
han research, relies upon a smaller number of full time faculty without ten=
ure at lower pay, uses a large number of lawyers and judges to teach course=
s ... possesses basic facilities and library collections, and focuses on te=
aching students practice skills."

The U.S. News and World Report rankings, says Tamanaha, produce even worse =
deformations; in fact they produce behavior that is at least deceptive and =
borders on fraud. A law school dean who knows that the rank of her school w=
ill in large part determine the faculty it can attract, the quality of the =
applicants, the support provided by her university and the job opportunitie=
s of graduates will be tempted to fiddle with the numbers by (among other t=
hings) reporting high salaries for graduates when the pool surveyed is a ti=
ny fraction of those who have the school's degree, devising schemes to keep=
 students with low test scores off the books by shunting them off to evenin=
g programs and inflating the employment rate by hiring its own for a short =
term.

Tamanaha finds these and other "disreputable actions" understandable if not=
 excusable given the structural situation: "A conscientious dean who refuse=
d to engage in questionable number reporting ... risked not just her contin=
ued tenure as dean but the standing of her institution." And all of this is=
 happening, he adds, because "a bunch of folks" are sitting around in the o=
ffices of an almost defunct magazine "brain-storming about what they will c=
hoose to count ... and not count" and thus setting in motion "a phenomenon =
that is reshaping the internal composition of law schools." As a result, he=
 concludes, "the contours of a five billion dollar educational industry are=
 being carved by a self-appointed maker of lists sold for profit."

Tamanaha does not spare the internal practices of law schools and is partic=
ularly distressed about the amount of debt incurred by those least able to =
get out from under it - graduates of lower-ranked schools. He also takes ai=
m at the claim of law professors that their high salaries and low teaching =
loads (relative to other academics) are justified by the revenue they forgo=
 when they enter the academy. No, he replies. Not only is "our pay far bett=
er than that of other professors," not only do we have lifetime security an=
d hours of work that are "whatever we want them to be," but "our quality of=
 life is far better than that of lawyers and we make more money than most l=
awyers."

Will these fortunate conditions persist? Can law schools keep doing what th=
ey're doing? Not according to the statistics Tamanaha marshals, statistics =
that show, among other things, that while law schools produce annually 45,0=
00 new graduates, only 25,000 openings for lawyers are projected "each year=
 through 2018." Not that the oversupply of lawyers means that Americans hav=
e all the legal services they need. In fact, Tamanaha reports, large popula=
tions are underserved. The paradox is easily explained: the kind of lawyeri=
ng poor and disadvantaged communities require does not bring in enough mone=
y to attract newly minted lawyers trailing clouds of debt. "Law schools hav=
e created a systemic mismatch between graduates and jobs."

And the solution? In a word, differentiation. Don't let the A.B.A. and U.S.=
 News call the tune. Instead, take a good look at the educational landscape=
, at the market, at the costs, at the demographics and come up with a flexi=
ble system that matches law school graduates to needs: "Research oriented s=
chools will remain as they are. Practice-oriented schools will be staffed b=
y experienced lawyers; ... research institutions will be staffed by scholar=
s mainly engaged in research; other schools will be staffed by both types."=
 Different strokes for different folks.

Will it happen? Tamanaha is not optimistic, and he cites the (to him) disco=
uraging example of the new law school at the University of California at Ir=
vine, which, he says, chose "elite status" over "affordability," chose to e=
nter the "ranking sweepstakes" rather than opting for a "different design."=
 Still, he finds hope in a number of public law schools that do "charge tui=
tion well below $20,000." He's just not generally hopeful.

He also anticipates readers who will be "unconvinced that the economics of =
legal education are as badly askew" as he argues they are. That is no doubt=
 correct, but even those who disagree with him and challenge his analyses w=
ill be participating in a conversation shaped by his contentions. "Failing =
Law Schools" does not say entirely, or even mainly, new things, but it does=
 present a comprehensive case for the negative side of this debate and I am=
 sure that many legal academics and every law school dean will be talking a=
bout it.

.

-----Original Message-----
From: evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com<mailto:evidence-based-mana=
gement@googlegroups.com> [mailto:evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com=
] On Behalf Of Alison Eyring
Sent: Tuesday, February 21, 2012 5:24 PM
To: evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com<mailto:evidence-based-manage=
ment@googlegroups.com>
Subject: RE: Elsevier vs. Open Access

Roye, Jean et al - This is interesting. An Academic Spring if you will.

Might be worth thinking about the dynamics here and my apologies in advance
that it's oversimplified or incorrect as I'm not an academic ... The public
pay taxes to support Universities - as do families and businesses - and thi=
s
pays for the vast majority of research & writing (and other things) needed
to get an article in form to publish. The academic is driven to publish by =
a
reward system that says that if they publish enough in these sorts of
journals, they can get a job for life (ok - oversimplification here). Once
the academic submits their research for publication, the publishing busines=
s
has the decision rights that determine who gets published (also supported
for free by academics who volunteer to peer review articles) and the
publisher extracts the profits. If we demand free publication/access to the
research, it might drive the publishers out of business which would have a
potentially negative impact on this system that is so important to the
academic world. But, isn't the driver of this dynamic the reward system tha=
t
academic institutions have in place that drive people to publish their
research in these publications? This same reward systems drives the gap
between academic research and relevance/practical considerations. So, why
revolt against the publisher(s) and not against the reward
systems/institutions that shape this dynamic? Why do academics always act
powerless to change their own system/culture but can band together to revol=
t
against a business set up to extract value from this system? Just a thought=
.


Regards, Alison


-----Original Message-----
From: evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com<mailto:evidence-based-mana=
gement@googlegroups.com>
[mailto:evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of Roye Werne=
r
Sent: Wednesday, 22 February, 2012 2:53 AM
To: Evidence-Based Management
Subject: Re: Elsevier vs. Open Access

Hi Jean,
Absolutely - you'll see the signup right here: http://thecostofknowledge.co=
m
Thanks!
Roye

On Feb 21, 12:49 pm, Jean Bartunek <bartu...@bc.edu<mailto:bartu...@bc.edu>=
> wrote:
> Roye, is there any way to still sign on?
>
> Jean M. Bartunek
> Robert A. and Evelyn J. Ferris Chair
> Professor of Management and Organization Boston College Chestnut Hill,
> MA 02467-3808
> 617-552-0455 (phone)
> bartunek@ bc.edu
>
>
>
>
>
>
>
> -----Original Message-----
> From: evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com<mailto:evidence-based-ma=
nagement@googlegroups.com>
> [mailto:evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com] On Behalf Of Roye
> Werner
> Sent: Tuesday, February 21, 2012 12:47 PM
> To: Evidence-Based Management
>
> Cc: tr...@andrew.cmu.edu<mailto:tr...@andrew.cmu.edu>
> Subject: Elsevier vs. Open Access
>
> Hi everyone,
> Many of you may have heard about the "revolt of the academics" against
> publisher Elsevier, in which scholars are publicly committing to a
> boycott -http://thecostofknowledge.com/- in protest against its
> exploitative and restrictive business practices.  Almost 7000
> academics from all disciplines have signed on, and the protest is
> getting increased visibility, as seen in last week's NYT
article:http://www.nytimes.com/2012/02/14/science/researchers-boycott-elsev=
i
e....
>
> As the group's resident librarian, I thought I would point out how
> germane this protest - and the open access movement in general - is to
> Evidence-Based Management.  Publishers like Elsevier (to varied
> extents Wiley, Springer, Sage, Emerald, etc.) essentially lock up the
> scholarly research behind prohibitively expensive pay walls, the very
> research that we want to be easily and freely accessible to managers.
> They rigidly control access to the evidence, which researchers
> essentially give them free of charge, primarily because the prestige
> they confer is necessary for the university system of promotion and
> tenure.  This cycle creates a huge barrier to a primary goal of EBMgt:
> real world use of the best available scientific research.  (There is
> some movement among the publishers now to create their own "open
> access" journals, but so far in practice these entail significant
> costs as well.)
>
> Elsevier is primarily a science publisher, but it does have 78
> journals in Business & Management
-http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/journal_browse.cws_home/S02?pseudoty....
> This particular protest may not be as relevant to this group as other
> ways to champion open access, but any support will certainly further
> the EBMgt mission.
>
> All the best,
> Roye
>
> Roye Werner
> Business & Economics Librarian
> Carnegie Mellon University
> rwer...@andrew.cmu.edu<mailto:rwer...@andrew.cmu.edu>
> 412-268-2453



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</o:shapelayout></xml><![endif]--></head><body lang=3DEN-GB link=3Dblue vli=
nk=3Dpurple><div class=3DWordSection1><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'f=
ont-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Thanks Alison.&nbsp; Your=
 views are similar to those of a colleague of mine who, when academics are =
complaining about things such as business school/journal rankings and the m=
anagerialism and work intensification and dubious practices rankings produc=
e, always simply says:&nbsp; &#8220;But we are doing this to ourselves.&#82=
21;&nbsp; His view, like yours, is that we position these problems as somet=
hing being done to us by some external evil forces when much (some) of it i=
s of our own creation. <o:p></o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span sty=
le=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p><=
/span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:=
"Arial","sans-serif"'>Thanks also Sara &#8211; I didn&#8217;t realise there=
 were so many similarities between law and business schools in this respect=
.&nbsp; Kinda comforting and depressing at the same time.<o:p></o:p></span>=
</p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial=
","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span styl=
e=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Cheers<o:p></o:p></=
span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"=
Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span=
 style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Rob<o:p></o:p>=
</span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family=
:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><p class=3DMsoNormal><sp=
an style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;<=
/o:p></span></p><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span style=3D'font-size:8.0pt=
;font-family:"Arial","sans-serif"'>Rob B Briner | Professor of Organization=
al Psychology | School of Management | University of Bath<o:p></o:p></span>=
</b></p></div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:11.0pt;font-fam=
ily:"Arial","sans-serif"'><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p><div style=3D'border:=
none;border-left:solid blue 1.5pt;padding:0cm 0cm 0cm 4.0pt'><div><div styl=
e=3D'border:none;border-top:solid #B5C4DF 1.0pt;padding:3.0pt 0cm 0cm 0cm'>=
<p class=3DMsoNormal><b><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'font-size:10.0pt;font-f=
amily:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'>From:</span></b><span lang=3DEN-US style=3D'fo=
nt-size:10.0pt;font-family:"Tahoma","sans-serif"'> evidence-based-managemen=
t@googlegroups.com [mailto:evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com] <b>O=
n Behalf Of </b>Rynes-Weller, Sara L<br><b>Sent:</b> 22 February 2012 03:34=
<br><b>To:</b> evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com<br><b>Subject:</b=
> RE: Elsevier vs. Open Access<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div><p class=3D=
MsoNormal><o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></p><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'fon=
t-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Alison,<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div=
><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'=
>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D=
'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>That's an interesting perspective. =
I attach an opinion piece from the NY Times about law schools (but it could=
 just as well be business schools =3D=3D exactly the same phenomenon) that =
speaks to your point (as follows): <span style=3D'color:red'>But, isn't the=
 driver of this dynamic the reward system that</span><o:p></o:p></span></p>=
</div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family=
:Consolas;color:red'>academic institutions have in place that drive people =
to publish their</span><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas=
'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font=
-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:red'>research in these publications=
? This same reward systems drives the gap</span><span style=3D'font-size:10=
.5pt;font-family:Consolas'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoN=
ormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:red'>betwe=
en academic research and relevance/practical considerations. So, why</span>=
<span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'><o:p></o:p></span></p=
></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-famil=
y:Consolas;color:red'>revolt against the publisher(s) and not against the r=
eward</span><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'><o:p></o:=
p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5p=
t;font-family:Consolas;color:red'>systems/institutions that shape this dyna=
mic? Why do academics always act</span><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font=
-family:Consolas'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><sp=
an style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;color:red'>powerless to c=
hange their own system/culture but can band together to revolt</span><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div=
><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Cons=
olas;color:red'>against a business set up to extract value from this system=
? Just a thought.</span><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consola=
s'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'fon=
t-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div>=
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>=
I've highlighted the section in yellow that is most pertinent.<o:p></o:p></=
span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;fo=
nt-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNo=
rmal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Sara<o:p></o:p><=
/span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;f=
ont-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoN=
ormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>The Bad News La=
w Schools<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=
=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>By STANLEY FISH<o:p></o:p></span=
></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-f=
amily:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal=
><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Stanley Fish on educ=
ation, law and society.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNorma=
l><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></=
span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;fo=
nt-family:Consolas'>.Tags:<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNo=
rmal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Law Schools<o:p>=
</o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:1=
0.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=
=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>.<o:p></=
o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.=
5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Back in November, an editorial in this newspaper =
began by declaring that &#8220;American legal education is in crisis.&#8221=
; I was struck at the time by how unlikely it would be for an editorial to =
announce that &#8220;humanities education is in crisis,&#8221; if only beca=
use a state of crisis, along with ritual lamentations about it, has charact=
erized humanities education for much longer than I have been alive. There w=
ould be no news there, but it was news, apparently, that the legal academy =
was in trouble.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p=
></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-famil=
y:Consolas'>In fact, that news was itself not so new. Uneasiness about the =
state of legal education has been around for some time, but in the wake of =
the financial meltdown of 2008, uneasiness ripened into a conviction that s=
omething was terribly wrong as law school applications declined, thousands =
of lawyers lost their jobs, employers complained that law school graduates =
had not been trained to practice law, and law school graduates complained t=
hat they had been led into debt by false promises of employment and high sa=
laries. And while all this was happening, law schools continued to raise tu=
ition, take in more and more students, and construct elaborate new faciliti=
es.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'fon=
t-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div>=
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>=
That at least is the story told in a book to be published later this year, =
&#8220;Failing Law Schools,&#8221; by Brian Tamanaha. Tamanaha is a law pro=
fessor, a former law school dean, a prolific legal theorist and, by his own=
 account, a malefactor who in the past did some of the things he now critic=
izes. Having seen the light, he feels compelled to spread and document the =
bad news.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=
=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></di=
v><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Con=
solas;background:yellow'>Tamanaha predicts that his &#8220;pages will put o=
ff many of my fellow legal educators,&#8221; and given the legal academy&#8=
217;s responses (including mine) to a series of critical articles by David =
Segal, he is probably right. Tamanaha&#8217;s analysis pretty much tracks S=
egal&#8217;s, but his book is more ambitious in its scope and puts statisti=
cal flesh on the bones of Segal&#8217;s polemic. He catalogs a large number=
 of failings on the part of law schools, but his emphasis is less on partic=
ular bad actors (although he names more than a few) than on the structural =
conditions &#8212; conditions put in place by no one, but affecting everyon=
e &#8212; that generate and drive their behavior.</span><span style=3D'font=
-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p clas=
s=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<=
o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-si=
ze:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;background:yellow'>Two such conditions can b=
e colloquially named &#8220;the ABA made me do it&#8221; and &#8220;the ran=
kings made me do it.&#8221; Tamanaha faults the American Bar Association fo=
r instituting policies that have the effect of forcing all law schools, no =
matter what demographic they serve, to model themselves on wealthy elites l=
ike Yale, Harvard and Stanford. ABA requirements that accredited law school=
s have state-of-the-art facilities, substantial libraries, an academically =
credentialed faculty and low student-teacher ratios operate to dis-accredit=
 law schools &#8220;built on a low cost model which emphasizes teaching rat=
her than research, relies upon a smaller number of full time faculty withou=
t tenure at lower pay, uses a large number of lawyers and judges to teach c=
ourses &#8230; possesses basic facilities and library collections, and focu=
ses on teaching students practice skills.&#8221;</span><span style=3D'font-=
size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=
=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o=
:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-siz=
e:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;background:yellow'>The U.S. News and World Re=
port rankings, says Tamanaha, produce even worse deformations; in fact they=
 produce behavior that is at least deceptive and borders on fraud. A law sc=
hool dean who knows that the rank of her school will in large part determin=
e the faculty it can attract, the quality of the applicants, the support pr=
ovided by her university and the job opportunities of graduates will be tem=
pted to fiddle with the numbers by (among other things) reporting high sala=
ries for graduates when the pool surveyed is a tiny fraction of those who h=
ave the school&#8217;s degree, devising schemes to keep students with low t=
est scores off the books by shunting them off to evening programs and infla=
ting the employment rate by hiring its own for a short term.</span><span st=
yle=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><=
div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consol=
as'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=
=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas;background:yellow'>Tamanaha finds=
 these and other &#8220;disreputable actions&#8221; understandable if not e=
xcusable given the structural situation: &#8220;A conscientious dean who re=
fused to engage in questionable number reporting &#8230; risked not just he=
r continued tenure as dean but the standing of her institution.&#8221; And =
all of this is happening, he adds, because &#8220;a bunch of folks&#8221; a=
re sitting around in the offices of an almost defunct magazine &#8220;brain=
-storming about what they will choose to count &#8230; and not count&#8221;=
 and thus setting in motion &#8220;a phenomenon that is reshaping the inter=
nal composition of law schools.&#8221; As a result, he concludes, &#8220;th=
e contours of a five billion dollar educational industry are being carved b=
y a self-appointed maker of lists sold for profit.&#8221;</span><span style=
=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div=
><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'=
>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D=
'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Tamanaha does not spare the interna=
l practices of law schools and is particularly distressed about the amount =
of debt incurred by those least able to get out from under it &#8212; gradu=
ates of lower-ranked schools. He also takes aim at the claim of law profess=
ors that their high salaries and low teaching loads (relative to other acad=
emics) are justified by the revenue they forgo when they enter the academy.=
 No, he replies. Not only is &#8220;our pay far better than that of other p=
rofessors,&#8221; not only do we have lifetime security and hours of work t=
hat are &#8220;whatever we want them to be,&#8221; but &#8220;our quality o=
f life is far better than that of lawyers and we make more money than most =
lawyers.&#8221;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span =
style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p=
></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-famil=
y:Consolas'>Will these fortunate conditions persist? Can law schools keep d=
oing what they&#8217;re doing? Not according to the statistics Tamanaha mar=
shals, statistics that show, among other things, that while law schools pro=
duce annually 45,000 new graduates, only 25,000 openings for lawyers are pr=
ojected &#8220;each year through 2018.&#8221; Not that the oversupply of la=
wyers means that Americans have all the legal services they need. In fact, =
Tamanaha reports, large populations are underserved. The paradox is easily =
explained: the kind of lawyering poor and disadvantaged communities require=
 does not bring in enough money to attract newly minted lawyers trailing cl=
ouds of debt. &#8220;Law schools have created a systemic mismatch between g=
raduates and jobs.&#8221;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNor=
mal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p>=
</span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;=
font-family:Consolas'>And the solution? In a word, differentiation. Don&#82=
17;t let the A.B.A. and U.S. News call the tune. Instead, take a good look =
at the educational landscape, at the market, at the costs, at the demograph=
ics and come up with a flexible system that matches law school graduates to=
 needs: &#8220;Research oriented schools will remain as they are. Practice-=
oriented schools will be staffed by experienced lawyers; &#8230; research i=
nstitutions will be staffed by scholars mainly engaged in research; other s=
chools will be staffed by both types.&#8221; Different strokes for differen=
t folks.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=
=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></di=
v><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Con=
solas'>Will it happen? Tamanaha is not optimistic, and he cites the (to him=
) discouraging example of the new law school at the University of Californi=
a at Irvine, which, he says, chose &#8220;elite status&#8221; over &#8220;a=
ffordability,&#8221; chose to enter the &#8220;ranking sweepstakes&#8221; r=
ather than opting for a &#8220;different design.&#8221; Still, he finds hop=
e in a number of public law schools that do &#8220;charge tuition well belo=
w $20,000.&#8221; He&#8217;s just not generally hopeful.<o:p></o:p></span><=
/p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-fam=
ily:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><=
span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>He also anticipates re=
aders who will be &#8220;unconvinced that the economics of legal education =
are as badly askew&#8221; as he argues they are. That is no doubt correct, =
but even those who disagree with him and challenge his analyses will be par=
ticipating in a conversation shaped by his contentions. &#8220;Failing Law =
Schools&#8221; does not say entirely, or even mainly, new things, but it do=
es present a comprehensive case for the negative side of this debate and I =
am sure that many legal academics and every law school dean will be talking=
 about it.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=
=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></di=
v><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Con=
solas'>.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=
=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></di=
v><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Con=
solas'>-----Original Message-----<br>From: <a href=3D"mailto:evidence-based=
-management@googlegroups.com">evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com</a=
> [<a href=3D"mailto:evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com">mailto:evi=
dence-based-management@googlegroups.com</a>] On Behalf Of Alison Eyring<br>=
Sent: Tuesday, February 21, 2012 5:24 PM<br>To: <a href=3D"mailto:evidence-=
based-management@googlegroups.com">evidence-based-managem...@googlegroups.c=
om</a><br>Subject: RE: Elsevier vs. Open Access<o:p></o:p></span></p></div>=
<div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Conso=
las'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span styl=
e=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Roye, Jean et al - This is inte=
resting. An Academic Spring if you will. <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><=
p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&=
nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'f=
ont-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Might be worth thinking about the dyn=
amics here and my apologies in advance<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p c=
lass=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>that=
 it's oversimplified or incorrect as I'm not an academic ... The public<o:p=
></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:=
10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>pay taxes to support Universities - as do fami=
lies and businesses - and this<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DM=
soNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>pays for the=
 vast majority of research &amp; writing (and other things) needed<o:p></o:=
p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5p=
t;font-family:Consolas'>to get an article in form to publish. The academic =
is driven to publish by a<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNor=
mal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>reward system tha=
t says that if they publish enough in these sorts of<o:p></o:p></span></p><=
/div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:=
Consolas'>journals, they can get a job for life (ok - oversimplification he=
re). Once<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=
=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>the academic submits their resea=
rch for publication, the publishing business<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><di=
v><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas=
'>has the decision rights that determine who gets published (also supported=
<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-s=
ize:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>for free by academics who volunteer to pee=
r review articles) and the<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNo=
rmal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>publisher extrac=
ts the profits. If we demand free publication/access to the<o:p></o:p></spa=
n></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-=
family:Consolas'>research, it might drive the publishers out of business wh=
ich would have a<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span=
 style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>potentially negative impac=
t on this system that is so important to the<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><di=
v><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas=
'>academic world. But, isn't the driver of this dynamic the reward system t=
hat<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'fon=
t-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>academic institutions have in place tha=
t drive people to publish their<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3D=
MsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>research in=
 these publications? This same reward systems drives the gap<o:p></o:p></sp=
an></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font=
-family:Consolas'>between academic research and relevance/practical conside=
rations. So, why<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span=
 style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>revolt against the publish=
er(s) and not against the reward<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=
=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>systems/=
institutions that shape this dynamic? Why do academics always act<o:p></o:p=
></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt=
;font-family:Consolas'>powerless to change their own system/culture but can=
 band together to revolt<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNorm=
al><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>against a business=
 set up to extract value from this system? Just a thought.<o:p></o:p></span=
></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-f=
amily:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal=
><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></s=
pan></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;fon=
t-family:Consolas'>Regards, Alison <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p clas=
s=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<=
o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-si=
ze:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p c=
lass=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>----=
-Original Message-----<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal=
><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>From: <a href=3D"mai=
lto:evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com">evidence-based-management@g=
ooglegroups.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><s=
pan style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>[<a href=3D"mailto:evid=
ence-based-management@googlegroups.com">mailto:evidence-based-management@go=
oglegroups.com</a>] On Behalf Of Roye Werner<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><di=
v><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas=
'>Sent: Wednesday, 22 February, 2012 2:53 AM<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><di=
v><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas=
'>To: Evidence-Based Management<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3D=
MsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Subject: Re=
: Elsevier vs. Open Access<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNo=
rmal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p=
></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt=
;font-family:Consolas'>Hi Jean,<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3D=
MsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Absolutely =
- you'll see the signup right here: <a href=3D"http://thecostofknowledge.co=
m">http://thecostofknowledge.com</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p cla=
ss=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Thanks=
!<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-=
size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>Roye<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p c=
lass=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbs=
p;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font=
-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>On Feb 21, 12:49&nbsp;pm, Jean Bartunek =
&lt;<a href=3D"mailto:bartu...@bc.edu">bartu...@bc.edu</a>&gt; wrote:<o:p><=
/o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10=
.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; Roye, is there any way to still sign on?<o:=
p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size=
:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p></div><div><p=
 class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&g=
t; Jean M. Bartunek<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><s=
pan style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; Robert A. and Evel=
yn J. Ferris Chair<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><sp=
an style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; Professor of Manage=
ment and Organization Boston College Chestnut Hill, <o:p></o:p></span></p><=
/div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:=
Consolas'>&gt; MA 02467-3808<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMso=
Normal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; 617-552-0=
455 (phone)<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span styl=
e=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; bartunek@ bc.edu<o:p></o:p=
></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt=
;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=
=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;<o:p=
>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font=
-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p></div><d=
iv><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consola=
s'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span st=
yle=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span><=
/p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-fam=
ily:Consolas'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNorm=
al><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o=
:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5=
pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; -----Original Message-----<o:p></o:p></span><=
/p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-fam=
ily:Consolas'>&gt; From: <a href=3D"mailto:evidence-based-management@google=
groups.com">evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com</a> <o:p></o:p></spa=
n></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-=
family:Consolas'>&gt; [<a href=3D"mailto:evidence-based-management@googlegr=
oups.com">mailto:evidence-based-management@googlegroups.com</a>] On Behalf =
Of Roye <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=
=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; Werner<o:p></o:p></span></p=
></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-famil=
y:Consolas'>&gt; Sent: Tuesday, February 21, 2012 12:47 PM<o:p></o:p></span=
></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-f=
amily:Consolas'>&gt; To: Evidence-Based Management<o:p></o:p></span></p></d=
iv><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Co=
nsolas'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><sp=
an style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; Cc: <a href=3D"mail=
to:tr...@andrew.cmu.edu">tr...@andrew.cmu.edu</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></di=
v><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Con=
solas'>&gt; Subject: Elsevier vs. Open Access<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><d=
iv><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consola=
s'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span st=
yle=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; Hi everyone,<o:p></o:p><=
/span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;f=
ont-family:Consolas'>&gt; Many of you may have heard about the &quot;revolt=
 of the academics&quot; against <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=
=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; pub=
lisher Elsevier, in which scholars are publicly committing to a <o:p></o:p>=
</span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;=
font-family:Consolas'>&gt; boycott -http://thecostofknowledge.com/- in prot=
est against its <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span=
 style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; exploitative and rest=
rictive business practices. &nbsp;Almost 7000 <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><=
div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consol=
as'>&gt; academics from all disciplines have signed on, and the protest is =
<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-s=
ize:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; getting increased visibility, as seen=
 in last week's NYT<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><s=
pan style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>article:http://www.nyti=
mes.com/2012/02/14/science/researchers-boycott-elsevi<o:p></o:p></span></p>=
</div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family=
:Consolas'>e....<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span=
 style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></spa=
n></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-=
family:Consolas'>&gt; As the group's resident librarian, I thought I would =
point out how <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span s=
tyle=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; germane this protest - =
and the open access movement in general - is to <o:p></o:p></span></p></div=
><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Cons=
olas'>&gt; Evidence-Based Management. &nbsp;Publishers like Elsevier (to va=
ried <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'f=
ont-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; extents Wiley, Springer, Sage, E=
merald, etc.) essentially lock up the <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p c=
lass=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;=
 scholarly research behind prohibitively expensive pay walls, the very <o:p=
></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:=
10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; research that we want to be easily and fr=
eely accessible to managers.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMso=
Normal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; They rigi=
dly control access to the evidence, which researchers <o:p></o:p></span></p=
></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-famil=
y:Consolas'>&gt; essentially give them free of charge, primarily because th=
e prestige <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span styl=
e=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; they confer is necessary f=
or the university system of promotion and <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div>=
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>=
&gt; tenure. &nbsp;This cycle creates a huge barrier to a primary goal of E=
BMgt:<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'f=
ont-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; real world use of the best avail=
able scientific research. &nbsp;(There is <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div>=
<p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>=
&gt; some movement among the publishers now to create their own &quot;open =
<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-s=
ize:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; access&quot; journals, but so far in =
practice these entail significant <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=
=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; cos=
ts as well.)<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span sty=
le=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></=
p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-fami=
ly:Consolas'>&gt; Elsevier is primarily a science publisher, but it does ha=
ve 78 <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'=
font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; journals in Business &amp; Mana=
gement<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'=
font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>-http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/jo=
urnal_browse.cws_home/S02?pseudoty....<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p c=
lass=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;=
 This particular protest may not be as relevant to this group as other <o:p=
></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:=
10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; ways to champion open access, but any sup=
port will certainly further <o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMso=
Normal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; the EBMgt=
 mission.<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=
=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p>=
</div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family=
:Consolas'>&gt; All the best,<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMs=
oNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; Roye<o:p=
></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:=
10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt;<o:p>&nbsp;</o:p></span></p></div><div><p =
class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt=
; Roye Werner<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span st=
yle=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; Business &amp; Economics=
 Librarian<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=
=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; Carnegie Mellon University<=
o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-si=
ze:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; <a href=3D"mailto:rwer...@andrew.cmu.e=
du">rwer...@andrew.cmu.edu</a><o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DM=
soNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&gt; 412-268=
-2453<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><div><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'f=
ont-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div><di=
v><p class=3DMsoNormal><span style=3D'font-size:10.5pt;font-family:Consolas=
'>&nbsp;<o:p></o:p></span></p></div></div></div></body></html>=

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