In
advance of the United Nations
Climate Action Summit on 23rd September,
United Nations Secretary-General António
Guterres has
called on all heads
of state to aim for carbon neutrality by
2050 and challenged leaders to present plans to
enhance their national climate commitments (or
NDCs) by 2020 in line with the Paris Agreement
goals.
Several
countries have already announced plans to
update their current climate plans or
develop long-term strategies (LTS) on climate
change by 2020, and it is expected that more
will do so at the UN Climate Action Summit.
India and France released a
joint statement
following a bilateral meeting at the G7 between
President Narendra Modi and President Emmanuel
Macron. The nations have committed to developing
their LTS for a low-greenhouse gas emission
pathway. China issued a
statement with
France and United Nations Secretary General
António Gueterres on the sidelines of the
G20 summit
committing to updating its nationally determined
contributions (NDC). Denmark
pledged to
introduce binding decarbonisation goals and
strengthen its 2030 target to reduce emissions
by 70% below 1990 levels, from a 40% reduction
target.
Efforts
are underway now to replenish the Green
Climate Facility (GCF). UK Prime Minister Boris
Johnson announced at the G7 Summit that the UK
will double its contribution to the
Green Climate
Fund to US$1.76 billion. Also at the Summit,
Canadian Prime Minister Justin Trudeau pledged
to contribute US$226 million to GCF. These
announcements follow
Norway and
Germany which
were the initial countries to announce
contributions to GCF at the end of last
year.
The 45th G7 summit
took place in Biarritz, France on 24-26 August.
The discussions included a session on climate
change, and the
Chair’s Summary
on Climate, Biodiversity, and Oceans noted that
the G7 leaders discussed the importance of
promoting sustainable economic growth, sharing
prosperity, and ensuring equal access to
low-emission, reliable energy in line with the
nation’s climate goals. The G7 pledged
US$20 million to
support efforts to combat the fires in the
Amazon.
OECD
Secretary-General and Global Commissioner
Angel Gurría delivered his
4th biennial
speech on climate change on 3 July, where he
called for governments to harness the
mobilisation of young generations and growing
public concern to raise ambition on climate
policies. Gurría emphasised the importance of
climate finance, citing recent OECD estimates
that public climate finance from developed to
developing countries increased 44% from 2013 to
2017. He proposed focused action on three
fronts: people-centered climate policy,
environmental justice within and between
nations, and long-term plans in the interest of
future generations.
The European Investment
Bank (EIB) proposed an end to it’s funding
of fossil fuel projects by the end of 2020, in
alignment with Paris Agreement targets. If
approved by the EIB Board in September, the bank
will cut support for energy infrastructure
projects reliant on oil, gas, or coal. The EIB
also plans to set up an energy transitions fund
to support EU member states transition to a
cleaner economy. NCE co-chair Nicholas Stern
responded to the
proposal, commending this movement towards
investment in innovative, 21st century
projects.
The
World Bank and the Global Facility for
Disaster Reduction and Recovery (GFDRR)
released a report, titled “
Lifelines: The
Resilient Infrastructure Opportunity”, on
resilient infrastructure opportunities for
building resilience and adaptation, especially
in low- and middle-income countries. The report
estimates found that there could be a US$42
trillion net benefit of investing in resilient
infrastructure in low- and middle-income
countries, with US$4 in benefits for each US$1
invested. Without investment in resilience
infrastructure, the wider cost on households and
firms in similar countries would continue to be
US$391-$647 billion
annually.