TOURISM AND TRAVEL: HERITAGE TOURISM : RECREATION: OUTDOOR: PARKS : HISTORY PRESERVATION STANDARDS TECHNIQUES AND TECHNICAL METHODS : UNITED STATES: GOVERNMENT: United States. Department of the Interior. National Park Service. Technical Preservation Services (TPS)

[David P. Dillard]

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TOURISM AND TRAVEL: HERITAGE TOURISM :

RECREATION: OUTDOOR: PARKS :

HISTORY PRESERVATION STANDARDS TECHNIQUES AND TECHNICAL METHODS :

UNITED STATES: GOVERNMENT:

United States. Department of the Interior.

National Park Service.

Technical Preservation Services (TPS)

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United States. Department of the Interior.

National Park Service.

Technical Preservation Services (TPS)

http://www.nps.gov/tps/

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Technical Preservation Services develops historic preservation policy and
guidance on preserving and rehabilitating historic buildings, administers
the Federal Historic Preservation Tax Incentives Program for
rehabilitating historic buildings, and sets the Secretary of the
Interior's Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties.

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About TPS

http://www.nps.gov/tps/about.htm

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Preserve and Protect our Nations Heritage

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We develop national standards and guidelines for preserving,
rehabilitating, restoring, and reconstructing historic properties. We
provide the tools and information that historic property owners,
preservation professionals and organizations, and government agencies at
all levels need to care for the nations historic properties.



We have over 150 publications currently in print, which are available at
minimal or no cost. We organize national conferences and workshops with
leading experts to share best preservation practices.

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In partnership with State Historic Preservation Offices, we administer the
Federal Historic Preservation Tax Incentives Program. We certify
approximately 1000 projects every year, leveraging nearly $4 billion
annually in private investment in the rehabilitation of historic buildings
across the country.

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With the General Services Administration, we coordinate the Historic
Surplus Property Program, which transfers surplus historic properties from
federal ownership to state and local governments.

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We manage the Historic Preservation Internship Training Program, which
provides interns the opportunity to work in cultural resource management
programs in the National Park Service and other Federal agencies.

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Our staff brings an average of 21 years of historic preservation
experience to our national historic preservation program. We have worked
in the private sector, local non-profit preservation organizations, the
National Trust for Historic Preservation, State Historic Preservation
Offices, national parks, National Park Service regional offices, the
Advisory Council on Historic Preservation, and the Office of the Assistant
Secretary of the Department of the Interior. Contact us for more
information.

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The Standards

http://www.nps.gov/tps/standards.htm

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The Standards are a series of concepts about maintaining, repairing, and
replacing historic materials, as well as designing new additions or making
alterations. The Guidelines offer general design and technical
recommendations to assist in applying the Standards to a specific
property. Together, they provide a framework and guidance for
decision-making about work or changes to a historic property.

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The Standards and Guidelines can be applied to historic properties of all
types, materials, construction, sizes, and use. They include both the
exterior and the interior and extend to a propertys landscape features,
site, environment, as well as related new construction.

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Federal agencies use the Standards and Guidelines in carrying out their
historic preservation responsibilities. State and local officials use them
in reviewing both Federal and nonfederal rehabilitation proposals.
Historic district and planning commissions across the country use the
Standards and Guidelines to guide their design review processes.

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The Standards offer four distinct approaches to the treatment of historic
propertiespreservation, rehabilitation, restoration, and reconstruction
with Guidelines for each.

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The Standards for the Treatment of Historic Properties are regulatory for
all grant-in-aid projects assisted through the national Historic
Preservation Fund.

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The Standards for Rehabiliation, codified in 36 CFR 67, are regulatory for
the review of rehabilitation work in the Historic Preservation Tax
Incentives program.

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The Guidelines are advisory, not regulatory.

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Four Approaches to the Treatment of Historic Properties

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There are Standards for four distinct, but interrelated, approaches to the
treatment of historic propertiespreservation, rehabilitation, restoration,
and reconstruction.

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http://www.nps.gov/tps/standards/four-treatments.htm

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Choosing an appropriate treatment for a historic building or landscape is
critical.

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Preservation focuses on the maintenance and repair of existing historic
materials and retention of a property's form as it has evolved over time.

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Rehabilitation acknowledges the need to alter or add to a historic
property to meet continuing or changing uses while retaining the
property's historic character.

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Restoration depicts a property at a particular period of time in its
history, while removing evidence of other periods.

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Reconstruction re-creates vanished or non-surviving portions of a property
for interpretive purposes.

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The choice of treatment depends on a variety of factors, including the
property's historical significance, physical condition, proposed use, and
intended interpretation. Historic buildings are used as an example below.
The decisionmaking process would be similar for other property types.

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Relative importance in history. Is the building nationally significant? Is
it a rare survivor or the work of a master architect or craftsman? Did an
important event take place in it? National Historic Landmarks, designated
for their "exceptional significance in American history," or many
buildings individually listed in the National Register often warrant
Preservation or Restoration. Buildings that contribute to the significance
of a historic district but are not individually listed in the National
Register more frequently undergo Rehabilitation for a compatible new use.

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Physical condition. What is the existing condition, or degree of material
integrity, of the building prior to work? Has the original form survived
largely intact or has it been altered over time? Are the alterations an
important part of the building's history? Preservation may be appropriate
if distinctive materials, features, and spaces are essentially intact and
convey the building's historical significance. If the building requires
more extensive repair and replacement, or if alterations or additions are
necessary for a new use, then Rehabilitation is probably the most
appropriate treatment.

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Proposed use. An essential, practical question to ask is: Will the
building be used as it was historically or will it be given a new use?
Many historic buildings can be adapted for new uses without seriously
damaging their historic character. However, special-use properties such as
grain silos, forts, ice houses, or windmills may be extremely difficult to
adapt to new uses without major intervention and a resulting loss of
historic character and even integrity.

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Mandated code requirements. Regardless of the treatment, code requirements
will need to be taken into consideration. But if hastily or poorly
designed, code-required work may jeopardize a building's materials as well
as its historic character. Thus, if a building needs to be seismically
upgraded, modifications to the historic appearance should be minimal.
Abatement of lead paint and asbestos within historic buildings requires
particular care if important historic finishes are not to be adversely
affected. Finally, alterations and new construction needed to meet
accessibility requirements under the Americans with Disabilities Act of
1990 should be designed to minimize material loss and visual change to a
historic building.

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The Guidelines for the Treatment of Historic Properties illustrate the
practical application of each treatment to historic properties. These
Guidelines are also available in PDF format and are sold in printed
format.

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The Guidelines for the Treatment of Cultural Landscapes apply the
treatment standards to historic cultural landscapes.

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Guidelines

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/index.htm

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Introduction and Historical Overview

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/overview/choose_treat.htm

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The Standards are neither technical nor prescriptive, but are intended to
promote responsible preservation practices that help protect our Nation's
irreplaceable cultural resources. For example, they cannot, in and of
themselves, be used to make essential decisions about which features of
the historic building should be saved and which can be changed. But once a
treatment is selected, the Standards provide philosophical consistency to
the work.

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The four treatment approaches are Preservation, Rehabilitation,
Restoration, and Reconstruction, outlined below in hierarchical order and
explained:

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The first treatment, Preservation, places a high premium on the retention
of all historic fabric through conservation, maintenance and repair. It
reflects a building's continuum over time, through successive occupancies,
and the respectful changes and alterations that are made.

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Rehabilitation, the second treatment, emphasizes the retention and repair
of historic materials, but more latitude is provided for replacement
because it is assumed the property is more deteriorated prior to work.
(Both Preservation and Rehabilitation standards focus attention on the
preservation of those materials, features, finishes, spaces, and spatial
relationships that, together, give a property its historic character.)

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Restoration, the third treatment, focuses on the retention of materials
from the most significant time in a property's history, while permitting
the removal of materials from other periods.

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Reconstruction, the fourth treatment, establishes limited opportunities to
re-create a non-surviving site, landscape, building, structure, or object
in all new materials.

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Choosing the most appropriate treatment for a building requires careful
decision-making about a building's historical significance, as well taking
into account a number of other considerations:

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Relative importance in history. Is the building a nationally significant
resource--a rare survivor or the work of a master architect or craftsman?
Did an important event take place in it? National Historic Landmarks,
designated for their "exceptional significance in American history," or
many buildings individually listed in the National Register often warrant
Preservation or Restoration. Buildings that contribute to the significance
of a historic district but are not individually listed in the National
Register more frequently undergo Rehabilitation for a compatible new use.

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Physical condition. What is the existing condition--or degree of material
integrity--of the building prior to work? Has the original form survived
largely intact or has it been altered over time? Are the alterations an
important part of the building's history? Preservation may be appropriate
if distinctive materials, features, and spaces are essentially intact and
convey the building's historical significance. If the building requires
more extensive repair and replacement, or if alterations or additions are
necessary for a new use, then Rehabilitation is probably the most
appropriate treatment. These key questions play major roles in determining
what treatment is selected.

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Proposed use. An essential, practical question to ask is: Will the
building be used as it was historically or will it be given a new use?
Many historic buildings can be adapted for new uses without seriously
damaging their historic character; special-use properties such as grain
silos, forts, ice houses, or windmills may be extremely difficult to adapt
to new uses without major intervention and a resulting loss of historic
character and even integrity.

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Mandated code requirements. Regardless of the treatment, code requirements
will need to be taken into consideration. But if hastily or poorly
designed, a series of code-required actions may jeopardize a building's
materials as well as its historic character. Thus, if a building needs to
be seismically upgraded, modifications to the historic appearance should
be minimal. Abatement of lead paint and asbestos within historic buildings
requires particular care if important historic finishes are not to be
adversely affected. Finally, alterations and new construction needed to
meet accessibility requirements under the Americans with Disabilities Act
of 1990 should be designed to minimize material loss and visual change to
a historic building.

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Guidelines

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Preserving

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/preserve/preserve_index.htm

Standards

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/
preserve/preserve_standards.htm

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A shorter URL for the above link:

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http://tinyurl.com/c6vhb5f


Guidelines

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/
preserve/preserve_approach.htm

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A shorter URL for the above link:

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http://tinyurl.com/cduaxhf


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Rehabilitating

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/rehab/rehab_index.htm

Standards

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/rehab/rehab_standards.htm

Guidelines

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/rehab/rehab_approach.htm

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Restoring

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/restore/restore_index.htm

Standards

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/
restore/restore_standards.htm

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A shorter URL for the above link:

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http://tinyurl.com/bnz2bn9


Guidelines

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/
restore/restore_approach.htm

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A shorter URL for the above link:

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http://tinyurl.com/buxpbmu


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Reconstructing

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/
reconstruct/reconstruct_index.htm

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A shorter URL for the above link:

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http://tinyurl.com/bux7zvx

Standards

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/
reconstruct/reconstruct_standards.htm

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A shorter URL for the above link:

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http://tinyurl.com/d8yncpf



Guidelines

http://www.nps.gov/history/hps/tps/standguide/
reconstruct/reconstruct_approach.htm

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A shorter URL for the above link:

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http://tinyurl.com/d2pdl3k


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Tax Incentives for Preserving Historic Properties

http://www.nps.gov/tps/tax-incentives.htm

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20% Tax Credit

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A 20% income tax credit is available for the rehabilitation of historic,
income-producing buildings that are determined by the Secretary of the
Interior, through the National Park Service, to be certified historic
structures. The State Historic Preservation Offices and the National Park
Service review the rehabilitation work to ensure that it complies with the
Secretarys Standards for Rehabilitation. The Internal Revenue Service
defines qualified rehabilitation expenses on which the credit may be
taken. Owner-occupied residential properties do not qualify for the
federal rehabilitation tax credit. Learn more about this credit before you
apply.

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Each year, Technical Preservation Services approves approximately 1000
projects, leveraging nearly $4 billion annually in private investment in
the rehabilitation of historic buildings across the country.

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10% Tax Credit

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The 10% tax credit is available for the rehabilitation of non-historic
buildings placed in service before 1936. The building must be
rehabilitated for non-residential use. In order to qualify for the tax
credit, the rehabilitation must meet three criteria: at least 50% of the
existing external walls must remain in place as external walls, at least
75% of the existing external walls must remain in place as either external
or internal walls, and at least 75% of the internal structural framework
must remain in place. There is no formal review process for
rehabilitations of non-historic buildings. Learn more about this credit in
Historic Preservation Tax Incentives.

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Tax Benefits for Historic Preservation Easements

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A historic preservation easement is a voluntary legal agreement, typically
in the form of a deed, that permanently protects an historic property.
Through the easement, a property owner places restrictions on the
development of or changes to the historic property, then transfers these
restrictions to a preservation or conservation organization. A historic
property owner who donates an easement may be eligible for tax benefits,
such as a Federal income tax deduction. Easement rules are complex, so
property owners interested in the potential tax benefits of an easement
donation should consult with their accountant or tax attorney. Learn more
about easements in Easements to Protect Historic Properties: A Useful
Historic Preservation Tool with Potential Tax Benefits.

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How to Preserve Historic Properties

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Technical Preservation Services provides technical assistance and guidance
on the preservation of historic properties. Our publications have become
the basis for responsible care of historic buildings and are routinely
referenced by preservation professionals, local design review commissions,
state and federal agencies, students, and historic property owners.

http://www.nps.gov/tps/how-to-preserve.htm

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Preservation Briefs provide in-depth information about various aspects of
historic preservation. Many provide guidance on the appropriate treatment
of traditional building materials such as slate roofing, plaster, and
masonry. Others address architectural features including storefronts and
porches, or focus on the reuse of specific building types such as historic
gas stations and barns. Additionally, this publication series covers
broader themes such as how to understand architectural character and
making historic buildings accessible.

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Preservation Tech Notes provide practical information on traditional
practices and innovative techniques for successfully maintaining and
preserving cultural resources.

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The preservation of Cultural Landscapes presents unique issues and
challenges. These historic resources range in scale from small formal
gardens to large tracts of land. And they include all types of resources
from natural features with significance for Indian tribes to roadside
features of the early automobile era.

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Sustainability

http://www.nps.gov/tps/sustainability.htm

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Energy Efficiency in Historic Buildings

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With increasing pressures to save energy and go green it can be difficult
to determine the appropriate and effective treatments for a historic
property.

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New Technology and Historic Properties

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From solar panels to green roofs, modern devices are increasingly popular
ways to reduce the environmental impact of our existing built environment.

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Sustainable Preservation in Practice

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Benefit from the experience of others. Check out success stories, learn
about sustainability studies and research, and discover available
resources.

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New Guidelines

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TPS recently published Illustrated Guidelilnes on Sustainability for
Rehabilitating Historic Buildings

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Historic preservation is inherently a sustainable practice.

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A commonly quoted phrase, the greenest building is the one thats already
built, succinctly expresses the relationship between preservation and
sustainability. The repair and retrofitting of existing and historic
buildings is considered by many to be the ultimate recycling project, and
focusing on historic buildings has added benefits for the larger
community.

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Traditional materials are generally durable, the continued maintenance of
historic buildings and features relies on local craftsmen rather than
replacement parts, and these structures generally make up the heart of our
towns and cities. For decades, preservation programs like the Historic
Preservation Tax Incentives have demonstrated that whole communities can
be revitalized by rehabilitating individual buildings.

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The National Park Service recognizes that climate change is real, and
efforts to reduce our energy consumption on a national scale are vital.
According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration, buildings are the
largest consumers of energy in the nation.

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In recognition of the role the built environment plays in energy use,
Technical Preservation Services develops guidance and technical
information about how historic properties can incorporate sustainable
practices to reduce energy consumption, while maintaining those
characteristics that make historic properties significant.

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Historic Surplus Property Program

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The Historic Surplus Property Program enables state, county, and local
governments to obtain historic buildings once used by the Federal
government at no cost and to adapt them for new uses.

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http://www.nps.gov/tps/historic-surplus.htm

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A Partnership Program to Preserve and Reuse
Federal Historic Properties

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Federally-owned historic buildings that are no longer needed by the
Federal government are declared surplus by the General Services
Administration. The Department of Defense also uses the Historic Surplus
Property Program to dispose of historic military bases that have been
closed.

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States, counties, municipalities, and other governmental entities are
eligible to acquire a surplus property at no cost if the property is
listed in, or eligible for listing in, the National Register of Historic
Places. Custom houses, office buildings, and military buildings have all
been transferred under this program.

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Transferred properties may be used for a wide variety of public facilities
or revenue-producing activities. Private and not-for-profit organizations
cannot acquire property under this program, but they may enter into
long-term leases with recipients of historic surplus properties. Private
developers with a long-term lease may be eligible to take advantage of
Federal Historic Preservation Tax Incentives.

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The National Park Service works with applicants who are acquiring historic
properties, provides guidance to ensure that any work on the property
meets the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Rehabilitation, and
approves applicants leases to other organizations.

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Learn more about the Historic Surplus Property Program and see how
properties have been reused in communities.

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Questions about historic properties in specific states can be directed to
the National Park Service regional coordinators.

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Learn about related National Park Service programs that transfer surplus
historic lighthouses and surplus Federal land for park uses.

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Discover more about the Federal government's disposal of real property
from the U.S. General Services Administration.(Note: "Historic Monument"
on the GSA website refers to the Historic Surplus Property Program.)

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Education and Training

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Technical Preservation Services provides a variety of educational and
training opportunities. Staff members also participate in national,
regional, and state conferences. Check our news for our schedule of future
presentations, or contact us if you are looking for a speaker at a planned
conference or workshop.

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http://www.nps.gov/tps/education.htm

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Student Internships

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For students in historic preservation and comparable fields, the National
Park Service, in partnership with the National Council for Preservation
Education, offers short-term internships at cultural program headquarters,
field offices, and in parks.

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Online Training

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Technical Preservation Services has created web-based training features to
provide professional development alternatives and enrichment programs for
professional preservationists, local preservation commissions, volunteers,
and anyone interested in more in-depth training in historic preservation.

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Printed Publications

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Many of our publications are available in print through the Government
Printing Office. Selected items are available free of charge.

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Links related to the general operations of this government department and
found on the bottom section of each web page on this website:

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Technical Preservation Services

About
The Standards
Tax Incentives
How To Preserve
Sustainability
Historic Surplus Property
Education & Training
Site Map

Cultural Resources

National Register of Historic Places
National Historic Landmarks
Historic Preservation Grants
National Center for Preservation
Technology and Training

National Park Service

Find a Park
Discover History
Explore Nature
Working with Communities
Get Involved
Teachers
Kids
About NPS


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This is a related Net-Gold post:

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HISTORY: UNITED STATES :

ARCHEOLOGY :

CULTURE :

CULTURAL HERITAGE:

United States.

Department of the Interior.

National Park Service.

History and Culture

http://groups.yahoo.com/group/Net-Gold/message/22145



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Sincerely,
David Dillard
Temple University
(215) 204 - 4584
jw...@temple.edu
http://workface.com/e/daviddillard

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